ABSTRACT. Introduction: When teachers-researchers discover new and effective practices for teaching and learning, they want to apply and share what they have found. Consequently, they conduct research to look for an appropriate approach. However, the challenge is to research certain teaching practices where there are no such teaching practices. What methodology and what research design would be suitable? Goals and Methods: The purpose of this study was to present, under the constructivist paradigm, the qualitative methodology as an appropriate approach for implementing cooperative learning (CL) in a traditional university in the initial teacher training (ITT) program. Further, it aimed to develop a model for ITT using a mixed intra-paradigm research methodology of action research (as a framework to implement CL), case study (to explore the experiences of the participants before, during, and after CL implementation), and photovoice (to give a voice to participants and disseminate the results). The study was conducted between March-June 2018 and 2019, ending in February 2020. The participants were students from three Education classes. The data collection methods were in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, observations, qualitative surveys, document analysis, and photovoice. Data were collected in four phases, based on the two cycles of action research: March and June 2018, and 2019. The data were examined with the HyperRESEARCH software using thematic analysis. The participants were students, teachers, and experts, based on the phases of data collection. Results: The results consist of the CoLearnITT model (cooperative learning for initial teacher training) and the 3Ps (planning, performing, perfecting) of the CL implementation process model. Conclusions: A mixed intra-paradigm qualitative research confers an appropriate design when teachers-researchers aim to improve teaching practices and develop research-based models. It paves the way for disseminating the results outside of the class to other teachers and policymakers.

ABSTRACT. Introduction: Scholarly interest in narrative resistance has grown in the last decades, balancing the earlier emphasis on culture as determining personal stories. Most research on counter-narratives examines how they resist a single master narrative, and the few studies that consider navigation between several master narratives typically do not distinguish between various types. How individuals navigate between different types of master narratives in doing narrative resistance has not yet been explored.

Goals and Methods: We examined self-narratives of Israelis who experienced forced evacuation from Yamit, an Israeli settlement that was returned to Egypt following the peace agreement between the countries. We aimed to reveal how, in their stories, the evacuees negotiated the transformation prior to the evacuation, of their original image as “modern pioneers” into “greedy” individuals who pose “an obstacle to peace.” We conducted two-part narrative interviews with 38 evacuees, and analyzed each story as a whole unit, combining holistic content and holistic form analyses.

Results: The tellers constructed counter-narratives that resist the “official” story established in Israeli society about them – Yamit’s episodic master narrative – thus regaining their heroic image and protecting their selves. At the same time, they appropriated the hegemonic Zionist narrative – a foundational master narrative – thus asserting their belonging to the Zionist imagined community.

Conclusions: This study joins the few empirical exceptions demonstrating the combination of narrative complicity and countering across master narratives. Moreover, it shows that the simultaneous negotiation of different types of master narratives are interrelated, even interdependent, where compliance with one type of master narrative make resistance to another type possible. The findings highlight that culture is multilayered and cannot be reduced to a single master narrative that is either resisted or adopted, calling for a more nuanced exploration of the bottom-up relations between individuals and culture.

ABSTRACT. Introduction: In the context of persistent and widening health inequalities and greater need for mental health support due to the recent global pandemic, policy makers have become increasingly interested in improving health and wellbeing through asset-based approaches. Despite growing investment in this area and the essential benefits for communities, little is known about the sustainability of these mental health assets and the possible behaviours and interventions that may improve sustainability.

Goals and Methods: This paper draws on findings from a systematic literature review which identified factors affecting sustainability. These factors were then translated into behaviours by an Expert Reference Group of allied professionals, representatives of community organisations and people with lived experience. Two of the most promising sustainability behaviours were explored in 20 qualitative interviews representatives from the sector using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), a comprehensive, theoretical-led framework, underpinned by behaviour change theories. These behaviours were: a) Partnering with other organisations to submit successful bids b) Regularly reviewing the content and delivery of interventions. Transcripts were analysed using deductive thematic analysis.

Results: Over 50 barriers and facilitators to sustainability of community mental health assets were identified. Under capability, barriers and facilitators were found for knowledge, skills, decision making processes, and behavioural regulation. For opportunity, barriers and facilitators were found for social influences, as well as environmental context and resources. For motivation, domains included beliefs about consequences, beliefs about capabilities, emotions, and professional role and identity.

Conclusions: Findings suggest that a range of barriers and facilitators affect the sustainability of community mental health assets. This paper makes suggestions for interventions targeting the different domains of capability, opportunity and motivation, which could lead to practical implementable recommendations for both community organisations and policy makers.

ABSTRACT. Corporate governance became a topical issue in the global market, since the corporate scandals of Enron and WorldCom. The experience left a need for a study on the African continent and Zimbabwe is not spared in this demise. Hence, a critical analysis on the corporate governance principles on Zimbabwe’s public entities became crucial. The question addressed is how the Auditor General’s Report can be of significance in ensuring that good corporate governance principles are adopted in the public entities of Zimbabwe. The paper gives consideration to the stakeholder theory as it is centred on corporate accountability to all stakeholders. The philosophical orientation applied is interpretivism, adopting an inductive approach employing deductive reasoning. Eight Public companies from eight different categories were randomly selected. Document analysis was done using Auditor General’s Reports for the past five years, published research and reputable newspapers. The study revealed that despite the Auditor General issuing reports, highlighting weak corporate governance practices, there seems to be no improvement and there is reluctance in employing the recommendations of the Auditor General’s Report. There is therefore, need for robust change in the practices of corporate governance given huge cost to the fiscus and degradation to the public services. It is recommended that an Act is enacted to increase and strengthen the powers of the Audit Office, which spells out heavy penalties for public companies that do not comply with principles of good corporate governance and recommendations of the Auditor General’s Report.

ABSTRACT. Building a community of learning among teachers has been suggested as an important factor for improving teachers’ teaching quality and, consequently, students’ learning. The volume of qualitative studies of teachers’ learning communities is impressively vast. A commonly discussed methodological problem in this field is that the study of communities of learning tends to generate large amounts of qualitative data, such as conversation data. The analysis of such data sets is both time-consuming and cognitively demanding, which worsens the possibility for the application of established interpretive qualitative approaches such as Critical Discourse Analysis or Hermeneutic Analysis.

In this paper, a set of methods for producing visualizations of conversation data is proposed. These methods are based on text mining and specifically on semi-supervised topic modeling and supervised classification of conversation data transcriptions and are used to construct diagrammatic data models of how the participants chronologically move from topic to topic during a group discussion.

The crucial aspect of this approach is that – although the procedure for the construction of these visualizations is based on probabilistic methods and on the Bayesian estimation of the probability of different topics given the data – these visual artifacts are intended to support qualitative interpretive analysis. What these visualizations do is represent conversation exchanges as geometrical patterns which can be interpretively analyzed using for instance critical discourse analysis or grounded theory. Moreover, although topic models are most typically associated with thematic analysis, we show how to use the semi-supervised approach to accommodate analysis of stance taking.

An example of analysis of teachers’ conversation data generated from a research project on teachers’ professional development is used to illustrate the limitations and advantages of this approach. In particular, it is discussed how to integrate the visualizations in the interpretive qualitative analysis of teachers’ collegial learning.

ABSTRACT. Introduction: Mothers of young children in Kazakhstan experience challenges to do paid-work as the result of flaws in the state policies, motherhood penalty in the labour market and cultural barriers in the family institution. Absence of parental leave for fathers, three years unpaid maternity leave and shortage of state-subsidized childcare services reinforce traditional breadwinner family institution where women are the main caregiver and increase gender inequality. The labour market factors preventing mothers from fulfilling their fullest potential are wage gender gap, discrimination and employers’ reluctance to hire women of reproductive age, and a lack of flexible work options. Within the family sphere, women in Kazakhstan spend three times more time on unpaid domestic work compared to men and mothers of young children are likely to have higher workload. Goals and Methodology: The research aims to explore the main barriers preventing mothers of children 1-6 aged from participating in the labour market in Almaty and Turkistan and draw comparative analysis between these two contrasting cities in terms of socio-demographic and cultural differences. The research will apply the qualitative research method and conduct six focus group discussions among 30 mothers of young children residing in cities Almaty and Turkistan in Southern Kazakhstan. Results: The expected results will demonstrate that, although women in conservative city of Turkistan are more likely to face cultural and family barriers to do paid-work than those in cosmopolitan Almaty, both groups still experience challenges to enter and remain in the labour market as a result of underdeveloped state policies and motherhood penalty in the labour market. Conclusion: Mothers of children 1-6 aged in Kazakhstan need sufficient number of childcare services for children aged under 3 subsidised by the state, flexible work schemes at workplace and policy incentives for fathers to take paternity leave.

ABSTRACT. Nursing is one of the known toughest professions and during the preparation period student nurses are trained to be resilient in all aspects of life. Student nurses are expected to comply with the standards of nursing education and nursing practice. Along with, struggles in taking the program cannot be denied, especially most during the transition period from the newly introduced K12 program in the Philippines to the nursing program.

In meeting international norms and standards, better student preparation for life, conserving national identity and improving student competencies, K12 has been implemented. However, during class observation among graduates of K12 program were having difficulty in understanding the major courses, troubled following instructions with the basic rules and regulations of the college and excelling to nursing program was apparently sensed a struggle. To investigate further, the researcher utilized descriptive qualitative method in exploring the student-nurses’ experiential detail during the transition from K12 program to the nursing program. The study was conducted to level 1 of Bachelor of Science in Nursing who took K12 program regardless of the strands. In exploring the experiential details of the transition, structured questions were formulated until the saturation of responses were reached. To further validate and clarify the meaning of the experiences a follow-up interview was completed. From the analysis of data, the study found that the transition period tests the student nurses in adopting to change. Also, the challenges encountered by student nurses led to crack different coping strategies which influenced personal development.

In conclusion, the transition from K12 program to nursing program impacts the lives of students and taught them the value of experiences to prime success in the future.

ABSTRACT. Introduction: In the health field, the survey technique most frequently used in qualitative research is the semi-structured interview. Visual methods such as drawings are rarely included, although they can greatly enrich the qualitative analysis.

Goals and Methods: The objective of this paper is to analyze the advantages of an innovative survey method that uses both drawings and semi-structured interviews to study support networks. The communication is based on a survey of chronically ill people in France during lockdown (March-May 2020). The study triangulates three types of sources: 1. From chronically ill patients' oral accounts of their experience of lockdown, collected during 32 semi-directive interviews; 2. From the chronically ill patients’ drawings of support networks they were asked to make by the end of the interviews; 3. From their oral description of the drawn elements.

Results: The drawing technique has several advantages: i. the playful nature of the drawing facilitates the degree of adhesion and interest in the investigation process, ii. it leads to greater reflexivity on the part of the respondents, iii. triangulation of the data from the narratives and the network drawings brings to light some unexpected results. By revealing contradictions and paradoxes depending on whether important actors or resources appear only orally, on the drawing or in both cases, it highlights which types of support are valued or invisibilized.

Conclusions: The complementary use of drawings and narratives allows a more detailed and complex qualitative analysis of the support networks of the chronically ill during confinement.

ABSTRACT. Abstract: Introduction: The homeless population is a social group that demands special attention from the health services because their needs require qualified and attentive care, due to the profound social vulnerabilities. It is essential to map qualitative indicators for Best Health Practices (BHP) for this population. Goals: To know the potential and limits of webQDA for qualitative analysis of a scope review on the mapping of qualitative indicators for BHP to the homeless population. Methods: This is a qualitative study, part of a larger project about the construction of BHP indicators in Primary Health Care. It is based on the authors' experience related to the use of the webQDA software as a support for the qualitative analysis of the data collected by scope review. The 29 articles selected in the scope review were subjected to thematic content analysis to map qualitative indicators. Results: Articles in full pdf. format was inserted as internal sources in webQDA. The System of Sources allowed the storage of data from the collection in an organized manner and with easy access to information. However, it was not possible to carry out the encoding of texts whose files had two columns. We opted to use an instrument in the xlsx. format, inserted through direct coding. This process optimized the working time, since the data related to the characterization of the articles were automatically coded as descriptive codes and the other empirical information was stored in the system of the internal sources and coded through the tree codes. Conclusions: The potential of webQDA was verified in the optimization of the treatment steps and in-depth analysis of the empirical data for the mapping of qualitative indicators. As a limitation, given the two columns format of the articles, it was necessary to use the xlsx. format.

ABSTRACT. This study aims to analyze the Bill of Law (PL) nr. 2.401/2019, of the Bolsonaro government, which deals with the theme of home education, also known as homeschooling. The main objective of the present study is to introduce the content of Bill No. 2,401 / 2019, while seeking to verify how some experts look into and take a stand on the subject by means of newspapers and magazines published on the web. On a more specific level, it examines how it is meant to establish home education in Brazil, describing the attributions of the state and the attributions of the families in this type of education. The methodological procedures refer to a qualitative and exploratory investigation, carried out through research on official government websites, in addition to newspaper and magazine websites available on the Internet, whose timeframe is the period from January 2019 to January 2020. The choice of qualitative methodology, having as main sources the exploration of official sites and news sites of newspapers and magazines of great circulation, proved to be an adequate option to understand the content of the Bill, from the favorable and unfavorable positions related to the PL elaborated by the Brazilian Executive Power, to fulfill a campaign promise of the president-elect. We conclude that, although it is important to consider the demand of families that practice home education in Brazil, there are issues that need to be discussed and incorporated into the regulation of the matter, among them, those that appear in the most recurring criticisms of the PL, especially those that refer to how supervision of families that practice home education will be and what training will be required for these parents, since to be a teacher it is necessary to have a minimum training provided for in the current legislation.

ABSTRACT. Introduction: In Canada, an unacceptable number of women live below the poverty threshold. Some subgroups of women, such as Indigenous, visible minorities, immigrants and refugees, older adults, and single mothers are more likely to live under the poverty line, as they face multiple systemic barriers that prevent their financial stability. Further, socioeconomic status, employment, gender, and access to health and social services negatively impact women’s well-being and health. Yet little is known about how these factors affect healthcare behaviours and experiences for women living on a low-income. Goals: Our goal is to describe and understand how gender and income influence access to health and social services for women living on a low-income. Methods: Partnered with a not-for-profit organization, we are exploring the experiences of women living on a low income in Kingston, Canada. Using participatory, art-based research and hermeneutic phenomenological approaches, our methods of data collection include photovoice, semi-structured interviews and culture circles. A purposive sample is being recruited. Analysis is being conducted following the social determinants of health by Loppie-Reading and Wien. Results: In preliminary findings, participants perceive the care offered by the healthcare and social system as dismissive - one where they are mere spectators without voice. Issues of access relate not only to health and social services, but also access to adequate living conditions, housing, and fresh food. Despite these experiences, participants are resilient and optimistic. Conclusion: or an individual to feel that others view one’s self as unworthy of care, especially if those ‘others’ are the care providers, is ethically and morally distressing – and it certainly does not invite system-use. While our early findings reveal that considerable system improvements are required, we are inspired by and can learn from the strength of participants.    

ABSTRACT. Organizations need all hands of employees on deck in order to achieve optimal performance. Senior Managers determine the strategic direction of the Organization and resource the strategy financially, with human resources and tools of work/trade. The role of Middle Managers is to understand, interpret and get buy-in of staff on the strategy to achieve seamless execution thereof. Some Organizations have fit for purpose strategies but lack execution capabilities. This descriptive study aims to conduct QES research on the inclusion of Middle Manages in strategy development as a contributor to positive organizational performance. This ongoing research will seek to address the question “How does the inclusion of Middle Managers in strategy development enable them to contribute to positive organisational performance?” Qualitative Evidence Synthesis (QES) will be used as the Research Design. The researcher will be using purposive sampling. Data will be collected through carefully identified articles, following PRISMA and critically appraised through CASP, using thematic analysis, to inform the findings. Data transparency would be ensured in synthesizing the findings (ENTREQ). Ethical clearance is not a requirement of QES, as the researcher will retrieve articles that would have already been cleared. Findings will contribute to Senior Managers in making data-driven decisions on the inclusion of Middle Managers in strategy development. Recommendations would be aimed at empowering Senior Managers to make better data-driven decisions on the inclusion or exclusion of Middle Managers in strategy development.