Gut Microbiome Study in Pediatric Patients with Short Bowel Syndrome Receiving Alternate Gastrointestinal Prophylactic Antibiotics

EasyChair Preprint no. 2782

Abstract

Background: Gut microbiome in the host is recognized as a crucial organ that could strongly modulate human homeostasis. Microbial imbalance in the small intestine encourages to cause the small intestine bacteria overgrowth (SIBO) which leads to a common unwanted condition in pediatric short bowel syndrome (SBS). That is why prophylactic antibiotic management used for SBS patients to control the microbial ecosystem in these cases. However, the prophylactic treatment regarding control of the microbial ecosystem has not been well studied.

Objective: The aim of the study was to explore the gut microbial composition in pediatric patients with SBS before taking prophylactic antibiotics and after taking each phase of cyclic antibiotics.

Methods: Pediatric patients with SBS under 10-year taking oral alternate metronidazole, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and antibiotic-free condition were involved in this study. Stool specimens collected from these patients were analyzed for bacteria, using 16s metagenomic sequencing.

Result: Specimens from 10 patients were studied. The gut microbiome was found to change prominently in each treatment. Firmicutes spp. and Proteobacteria spp. were 2 dominances within the SBS. The average of gut microbiome was calculated. Obviously, in antibiotic condition especially metronidazole and Bactrim, Proteobacteria was the predominant phylum around 68%, followed by Firmicutes (25%). However, in antibiotic-free conditions, the gut microbiota composition was extremely altered compared to antibiotic conditions. For example, the percentage of Firmicutes phylum was very close to those in Proteobacteria, with around 45% in each.

Conclusion: Prophylactic cyclic antibiotics treatment is effective in controlling microbial ecosystems in pediatric SBS patients.

Keyphrases: gut microbiome, Prophylactic antibiotics, short bowel syndrome

@Booklet{EasyChair:2782,
  author = {Le Yi Phyo and Wison Laochareonsuk and Napasorn Phutong and Kaimook Boonsanit and Piyawan Chiengkriwate and Komwit Surachat and Kamonnut Singkhamanan and Surasak Sangkhathat},
  title = {Gut Microbiome Study in Pediatric Patients with Short Bowel Syndrome Receiving Alternate Gastrointestinal Prophylactic Antibiotics},
  howpublished = {EasyChair Preprint no. 2782},

  year = {EasyChair, 2020}}