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![]() Title:Throttle or Thwart? The effect of local policy regulations on micromobility demand – A Difference-in-differences approach Authors:Zeeshan Asghar, Jan N. Gremmel, Julian Teusch, Christian Koetsier, David M. Woisetschläger, Monika Sester and Jörg P. Müller Conference:EWGT2025 Tags:Difference-in-Differences, Fleet Cap, Micromobility, Parking Zone and Policy Regulation Abstract: Micromobility services have expanded rapidly, causing challenges like congestion and improper parking. In response, cities have introduced regulations to balance the interests of users, providers, and non-users. However, current research neglects an empirical evaluation on the impact of such regulations. This study evaluates the impact of micromobility policies in three German cities—Bremen, Frankfurt, and Nürnberg—using the Difference-in-Differences (DiD) approach. The treatment cities were subjected to fleet size and parking zone policies. The analysis investigates the total number of trips and the average number of trips per vehicle per day, utilizing data obtained from API queries of seven micromobility operators between March 2023 and July 2024. The findings suggest that fleet size limitation leads to a significant reduction in total trips, but does not affect the average trips per vehicle. In contrast, parking zone policies showed no significant effects on either the number of trips or vehicle utilization. Our results inform city municipalities how to regulate micromobility without harming the overall operational effectiveness of micromobility operators. Instead, city municipalities can regulate micromobility to balance the needs of non-users, e.g., reduction of improper use, with those of operators. These insights are crucial for balancing urban planning needs with provider viability. Throttle or Thwart? The effect of local policy regulations on micromobility demand – A Difference-in-differences approach ![]() Throttle or Thwart? The effect of local policy regulations on micromobility demand – A Difference-in-differences approach | ||||
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