This paper concerns the results that emerged from the analysis of the control activities carried out by National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA) in the context of the Italian implementation of the Directive 2012/18/EU aiming at the control of major accidents (so-called "Seveso III"), on industrial establishments in the LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) and LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) sector. Starting from the presentation of the European and Italian technical regulation, a sample of the following types of establishments are analysed in terms of technical and organizational aspects: urban storage and distribution of LPG; underground storage of LPG; multi-site LPG storage company; LNG storage and regasification terminal. The main conclusions of the assessments of Safety Reports and inspections on Safety Management Systems conducted on some national case studies are explained, with examples of accidents occurred in industrial sites, based on the operational experience taken from the site managers analysis during the control activities, aimed at emphasizing the return of experience and the lessons learned. Finally, some types of non-compliances found during the control activities are provided, in the LPG and LNG sector, in terms of organizational and management aspects aimed at the enforcement of the safety culture of the industrial establishments. They regard the evaluation of: Safety Reports, from a structural, organizational, and documentary completeness point of view; Safety Management System inspections, in terms of training, operational control and emergency management activities.