Tags:heating, home automation, hvac and presence detection
Abstract:
Heating is a major sink for energy consumption in the Nordic countries. To improve energy efficiency, home automation and smart radiator thermostats have been used to reduce unnecessary heating. However, the barrier to entry for this kind of automation can be high for older buildings where drastic new installations are not possible and the inhabitants may lack the technical know-how or motivation to operate home automation. Furthermore, even modern smart radiators may only use a rigid schedule to automate when to turn off the heat. In this paper, we examine how a heating automation system could be retrofitted into an apartment complex while requiring minimal new installations and low maintenance to upkeep. In addition, we attempt to further optimize energy use by using presence detection to further lower energy use when the appartments are empty. As a result, a wireless and batteryless home automation system was developed and tested for a month in three phases: control period, fixed schedule period, and finally a period with presence detection on top of the fixed schedule. Major energy savings minimum of 20 percent were gained using a fixed schedule compared to consumption during the control period. However, presence detection did not seem to improve the savings significantly compared to the fixed schedule.
Heating Control of Residential Building Apartments with IoT and Presence Estimation