This paper explores the possibility of having confirmed traffic in LoRaWAN networks under channel-oblivious jamming. Our results show that a LoRaWAN cell can handle up to 500 end-devices with a relatively good message success probability 0.8 if the network is strongly jammed 60 % of the time by using a maximum of 16 re-transmissions.
We have also proved that using a channel for downlink transmissions operating in the lowest SF is a major weakness in the LoRaWAN specification. Indeed, our results suggest that for a LoRaWAN cell with 600 end-devices the network goodput can be decreased by 53.06 % when ACK transmissions on the second receive window are allowed. This was done by using an open-source network simulator that allows evaluating many scenarios that can help LoRaWAN operators to better scale their networks in order to be more resilient against jamming attacks before actual deployments.
On the Performance Evaluation of LoRaWAN with Re-transmissions under Jamming