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![]() Title:System of Observation of Daytime Asteroids (SODA) Conference:APRIM2026 Tags:asteroid hazard problem, day-time asteroids, decameter asteroids, NEA and SEL1 Lagrange point Abstract: A modern interpretation of the asteroid hazard problem includes the requirement for the extensive detection of asteroids larger than 10 m. Currently, the detection completeness for 50 m bodies does not exceed 1%, while for 10 m bodies it is close to zero. These small bodies are faint, therefore they are observable at short distances. Approximately half of them approach the Earth from the daytime sky and can only be detected by special space-borne facilities. In 2025, the promising Russian national asteroid-hazard program, as a part of "Milky Way" completed its System Requirements Review (SRR) phase. The program proposes launching a dedicated spacecraft to the Sun-Earth L1 Lagrange point (SEL1). The payload SODA (System for Observation of Daytime Asteroids) is responsible for detecting asteroids larger than 10 m coming from the sunward direction, which cannot be observed by ground-based or near-Earth space telescopes. It has been under development at the Institute of Astronomy of the RAS (INASAN).The main practical goal of the SODA payload is to provide a warning for "almost all" hazardous day sky asteroids. Its scientific goals are to validate existing models of small bodies in the Solar System and to investigate a correlation between close flybys of asteroids near the Earth and meteor shower events. The SODA scientific payload consists of four 30 cm aperture wide-field telescopes that operate in visible light. Asteroid detection will be carried out using a "barrier" survey technique. Dangerous objects will be tracked until they approach Earth. For asteroids on a collision orbit, SODA provides a 10-hour warning time (on average) before impact, along with a prediction of the asteroid's atmospheric entry point with an accuracy of 10-200 km. We believe that international cooperation, both in space and on the ground, is the most effective and realistic way to build an efficient warning system against 10-50 m impactors. System of Observation of Daytime Asteroids (SODA) ![]() System of Observation of Daytime Asteroids (SODA) | ||||
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