The article is devoted to the research of the instructional design features of the education courses in the adaptive training systems. The instructional design as a modern didactic direction in the use of modern information technologies has been considered and investigated. The increasing role of the instructional design has been defined in conditions when the learning environment and learning itself are transferred into the electronic environment, when it is necessary to develop the most efficient, comfortable and at the same time, effective training systems and methods. The position that instructional design can be considered an essential component should be taken into account when designing modern education courses in the electronic environment has been justified. The compliance with the principles of usability and user interface ergonomics of the developed educational materials by means of adaptive learning systems Knewton, RealizeIt, CourseArc, Brightspace LeaP, Revel, Open Learning Initiative, and the Generalized Intelligent Framework for Tutoring has been reviewed. The conditions of the designing of electronic educational resources based on the instructional design that enable to convey the educational material more effectively and to create the conditions for better learning by students have been defined.