This research is developed within the framework of the EOHAB (Earth Observation High Altitude Balloon) project, aimed at designing a CubeSat-type experimental structure for stratospheric missions using high-altitude balloons, with the goal of validating electronic components, sensors, and structural materials under conditions of aerospace interest. The structure must protect the internal systems during ascent, descent, and recovery, while exposed to temperatures between 29 °C and -50 °C, pressures below 2 kPa, and vibration and acceleration loads. Additive manufacturing via FDM is a viable alternative for lightweight structures due to its low cost, ease of fabrication, and geometric flexibility.

The research compares two composite filaments: carbon fiber-reinforced PLA (PLA-CF) and glass fiber-reinforced Nylon (Nylon-GF), in order to provide technical criteria for selecting the most suitable structural material for the EOHAB prototype. Standardized specimens were fabricated in accordance with ISO 527-2, under controlled parameters, and tensile tests were conducted to obtain strength, stiffness, and mechanical behavior properties. Results show that PLA-CF exhibited higher stiffness and strength, with a Young's modulus of 1455.50 MPa and ultimate strength of 55.28 MPa, compared to 589.07 MPa and 51.96 MPa for Nylon-GF.

As a complement, the energy absorption capacity of both materials will be evaluated through Charpy impact testing (ISO 179), given its relevance during payload landing and recovery; this stage is currently in the planning phase and will be developed in a later stage. The integration of both evaluations will allow comparison of strength, stiffness, and impact tolerance, providing technical criteria for structural material selection in the EOHAB project and strengthening additive manufacturing capabilities for experimental aerospace platforms in the region