Managing indoor exposure to PM₂. ₅ remains a major challenge for facility managers in regions where outdoor concentrations frequently exceed health-based standards. Although outdoor air-quality indices and IoT-based monitoring are widely available, these systems often operate in isolation and fail to incorporate building-specific attributes such as space volume, HVAC performance, and asset relationships. This limits preventive management and constrains machine-to-machine (M2M) operations.

This paper presents a semantics-enabled BIM–IoT framework integrating external PM₂. ₅ data with Building Information Modelling (BIM) through open-standard semantic models. The framework is demonstrated through a university classroom in the Boromrajakumari Building, Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts, Chulalongkorn University. Real-time outdoor PM₂. ₅ data from the AQICN network are linked with BIM data exported as ifcJSON, while indoor concentrations are estimated using infiltration and mass-balance models. A Node-RED dashboard visualizes these data and applies the Brick schema for semantic enrichment, enabling space-aware risk assessment and policy-driven recommendations. The framework demonstrates a low-cost, open-standard solution supporting semantic interoperability in facility management.

Keywords:openBIM; ifcJSON; Brick schema; Node-RED; semantic interoperability; facility management.