The paper addresses the inadequacy of traditional landscape vulnerability measurement methods in considering human disturbance factors, adds the population pressure index, to constructs a rural landscape vulnerability measurement model of "landscape sensitivity index (LSI) - landscape adaptability index (LAI) - population pressure index (PPI)" by combining rural landscape vulnerability characterization, which can provide a reference for the evaluation of rural landscape vulnerability and optimization of landscape security pattern. Based on the land use cover data of three periods from 2005 to 2015, the paper constructs a landscape vulnerability evaluation index system based on three dimensions: landscape sensitivity index (LSI), landscape adaptability index (LAI), and population pressure index (PPI). The results show that :(1) the evaluation model has good feasibility to portray the vulnerability of rural landscape in the study area, and the research findings reflect the actual situation to a certain extent, which can provide a reference for the study of rural landscape vulnerability measurement. (2) During the period of 2005-2015, the unevenness of rural landscape vulnerability in each district and county of the study area is significant, showing the characteristics of circles; the spatial structure of landscape vulnerability level changes significantly, the area of high vulnerability area has experienced the process of first increasing and then decreasing, and gradually changing to medium and low vulnerability areas, and the overall situation of landscape vulnerability has been optimized. (3) Natural environmental factors have a continuous influence on the fragility of rural landscape, while socio-economic and urban-rural construction and other anthropogenic disturbance factors have a transformative influence on the spatial and temporal differentiation of rural landscape fragility, and administrative force is another major influencing factor.