The article highlights the issues of personalized learning as the global trend of the modern ICTbased educational systems development. The notion, the main stages of evolution, the main features and principles of adaptive learning systems application for teachers’ training are outlined. It is emphasized that the use and elaboration of the adaptive cloud-based learning systems are essential to provide sustainable development of teachers’ education. The current trends and peculiarities of the cloud-based adaptive learning systems development and approach of their implementation for teachers' training are considered. The general model of the adaptive cloud-based learning system structure is proposed. The main components of the model are described; the issues of tools and services selection are outlined. The methods of the cloudbased learning components introduction within the adaptive systems of teacher training are considered. The current research developments of modeling and implementation of the adaptive cloud-based systems are outlined.