Science communication is the key way for scientific and technological innovation to directly benefit the public, and it can cultivate the social soil of scientific and technological innovation. Since the reform and opening up in the 1970s, the Chinese government has attached great importance to the development of science communication. From the perspective of the evolution of science communication policy system and governance mechanism analysis, this paper systematically sorts out the related policy over the past 40 years since reform and opening-up. Through policy text analysis, combined with the historical statistics of science communication development, this paper presents a comprehensive review of the evolution, main achievements and challenges of the science communication policy and practice in China.

This paper divids the evolution of science communication in China into four stages, and analyzes the era background and economic and social needs of the escalating national strategy of science communication in China, and structurally describes the promotion system of science communication policy in modern China. Then, this paper summarizes the main achievements of science communication in China, and analyses the opportunities and challenges that science communication in China is facing at present.  In summary, from the practice of China, we can see that the government's attention is a key factor in the development of science communication. Facing the new context of the new era, China's science communication will continue to develop and prosper along the mode with Chinese characteristics.