ABSTRACT. Abstract: We computed the electric quadrupole transition and determined the relationship between the number of neutrons and M(E2) |2w.u↓ for gamma rays from 2+ to 0+ using Ferston's half-life time for the 84Po and 86Rn isotopes for even-even (A=206- 222). We determine the empirical formula for these relations using the MATLAB tool. For the 84Po and 86Rn nuclides enumerated and displayed, the computed decreased transition probabilities B(E2) e2b2 ↑ values are compared with theoretical and experimental predictions, and they show good agreement with SSANM and FRDM as well as with experimental values of Global. When determining the present work of the transition probability (T), the mean life time (τ (s)), and the theoretical value of the energy state (first and ground) of a strontium isotope, By computing the theoretical value of the total width for gamma decay and the Weisskopf Γ(E2) w. u energy (the Weisskopf single-particle widths), the theoretical value of the energy state (first and ground) and the present action of the transmission force |M(E2)|2 W.u ↓, This is part of the formula where A is the mass number and Eγ is computed in keV. After tabulating, discussing, and drawing the results, it was discovered that the value of |M(E2)|2 W.u ↓ is at its lowest when the magic number of neutrons is equal to 128 and that the values rise as we move away from the magic numbers, that is, when the nuclei are saturated for even-even nuclei and the same subject, regardless of the number of protons.

ABSTRACT. This study presents the experimental setup and performance analysis of a hybrid photovoltaic–battery–electrolyzer system designed for “green” hydrogen production using surplus solar power. The setup integrates PV arrays, lithium storage, power electronics, and an alkaline electrolyzer operating dynamically under real solar conditions. Results show stable hydrogen output up to 511 L h⁻¹ at 2.5 kW and a linear correlation between electrolyzer power and hydrogen flow. The system achieved high efficiency and reliable operation under variable irradiance, confirming the technical feasibility of renewable-powered electrolysis and its potential for future Power-to-Gas (P2G) applications.

ABSTRACT. Abstract. AlSb: Bi films, which serve as a great absorber layer for the thin-film solar cell, were deposited on many different substrates by the thermal evaporation deposition (TED) method. The physical properties of AlSb thin film were studied. The XRD pattern shows that pure AlSb and Bi-doped AlSb have a polycrystalline cubic structure at room temperature, with a preferential orientation along the (111) plane. The effects of Bi-doped AlSb on the direct band gap of thin film was understandable (1.78-1.52) eV. The result of the electrical calculation showed that the energy of activation of AlSb:Bi had several low values and high conductivity. AlSb is a promising absorber layer, offering low cost and acknowledged for its great tunable bandgap, with high optical absorption and the use of earth-abundant elements.

ABSTRACT. The objective of this study is to analyze and compare the energy and economic performance of residential photovoltaic systems with fixed structures and single-axis solar tracking in Lima, Peru. Hourly modeling was used, employing actual climate data, electricity demand profiles, and technical parameters from a commercial 5.67 kWp solar kit, considering the efficiency of the modules, inverters, and the annual consumption of the tracker. The analysis included estimates of annual generation, specific yield, levelized cost of energy (LCOE), net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and payback period, as well as a sensitivity study on variations in CAPEX and electricity prices. The results show that the incorporation of solar tracking increased annual production by 43% compared to the fixed system (10,349 vs. 7,220 kWh/year), improving the LCOE to 0.076 USD/kWh. However, improvements in NPV and IRR were marginal due to the higher investment cost and low valuation of surpluses. It is concluded that, under the current tariff context, the economic viability of solar tracking depends mainly on CAPEX and the existence of incentives or favorable tariffs for surplus energy.

ABSTRACT. The study involved enhancing the targeted delivery of the breast cancer medicament doxorubicin using two new nanosystems: a molecular imaging probe (18F-FDG) and nano perovskite (CaTiO₃)₂. Molecular simulations and density functional theory were employed to investigate the interaction of the medicament with proteins in cancer cells and blood. The results indicated that the medicament, when docked with 18F-FDG, could promote selectivity and stability, decrease structural deformation, and thus improve therapeutic efficacy. Nano perovskite offered high electronic stability but decreased biorelease. Optical spectra further indicated no discernible absorption in the visible region, implying its safety for intravenous delivery. These results indicate that nano perovskite is perhaps a permanent carrier, while 18F-FDG can achieve delivery of medicament accurately if the medicament release rate is manageable.

ABSTRACT. This study aimed to diagnose Cryptosporidium parvum infection in children using the TRAPC1 and TRAPC2 genes. One hundred stool samples were collected from patients attending Tikrit Teaching Hospital between October 1, 2024, and March 30, 2025. Using modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain, Cryptosporidium parvum was detected in 38% of the samples, with higher infection rates in males (42%) than in females (31.5%). The highest prevalence was observed in the 3-5 year age group (44.4%), while the lowest was in the 13-15 year age group (21.4%). Seasonal variation in infection rates was observed, with the peak prevalence in January (56%) and the lowest rate in October (16.6%). DNA was extracted from 100 stool samples and the results showed the presence of a DNA band in 93 samples out of a total of 100 samples. Conventional PCR diagnosis was then performed using primers for both the TRAPC2 and TRAPC1 genes on 93 samples and the results showed that the number of samples positive for the TRAPC2 gene was 18 samples (19.4%), while the TRAPC1 gene gave a positive result in 26 samples (27.9%).

ABSTRACT. This study was conducted to detect Giardia lamblia parasite and identify its genotypes based on the gdh gene using nested PCR and RFLP techniques. 100 stool samples were collected from patients with diarrhea, aged between 1 month and 41 years, during the period from October 2024 to July 2025. Microscopic examination revealed that (36%) of the samples were infected with the parasite. At the molecular level, DNA extraction was successful in 83 samples, of which 61 showed a primary amplification of (605 bp), and 51 samples showed a secondary amplification of (520 bp). RFLP analysis using RsaI enzyme revealed the presence of genotypes A and B, in addition to mixed infections. The prevalence of type B was 50.98%, followed by type A (39.21%), while mixed infections constituted (9.8%).

ABSTRACT. Neutrons numbers affects the reduced transition probability B(E2) as well as the shape of the nuclide. In this study, to determine how the shape of the nuclide is affected by the changing neutron numbers, reduced transition probability B(E2) and deformation parameter (β2) have been studied for 56Ba isotopes, which have neutron numbers (62-92). Transition probability B(E2) and deformation parameter (β2) have been plotted as a function of neutron number to study the effect of neutron numbers on them. The results showed that the shape of the nucleus is close to a spherical shape when the number of neutrons approaches the magic number.