TSL CONFERENCE 2026: INFORMS TSL SOCIETY CONFERENCE 2026

This page contains an index consisting of author-provided keywords.

A
Absorbing Markov chain	Betweenness Central Nodes Under Uncertainty: An Absorbing Markov Chain Approach
AC charging	Emerging Electric Vehicle charging market: Analyzing the impact of firm pricing, charging speed, consumer preferences, and power tariff subsidy
Acceptance behavior	Pricing, bundling, and compensation decisions in dynamic crowdsourced delivery problems
Activity-based model	An Integer Program Approach for Generating Activity-Based Travel Demand from Trip-Based Model
ADMM	Unveiling the Full Potential of Mobility-aware Coordinated EV Charging for Grid Resilience
advanced air mobility	Optimizing Advanced Air Mobility Operations in a Corridor Network Distance-Based Subsidy Rate Design to Incentivize Ride-Hail Access to Advanced Air Mobility Hubs
Agent-based modeling	Analyzing Adaptive Platform Worker Interactions in the Gig Economy Using Agent-Based Modeling
agricultural supply chain	A Vehicle Routing Formulation for Harvest Scheduling in Banana Production
Agriculture	Optimal Agricultural Drone Deployment and Routing with Weather-Aware Planning
Air cargo routing	Joint Fleet Scheduling and Cargo Flow Allocation for Air Cargo Services
Air Freight Forwarding	A Predict-Then-Optimize Framework for Data-Driven Decision Making in Commercial-Humanitarian Airlift Operations
Air Traffic Management	Optimizing Advanced Air Mobility Operations in a Corridor Network Data-driven Optimization of Aircraft Sequencing and Descent Trajectories for Fuel Efficiency in the Terminal Manoeuvring Area
Air Transportation	Hybrid Learning-Based Slot Allocation in Airport Networks with Flying Time Flexibility Strategic Airport Slot Allocation under Capacity Constraints: A Stackelberg Game
Airport capacity expansion	Airport Capacity Expansion Under Demand Uncertainty and Present-Biased Decisions
Airport facility attractiveness	A Temporal–Spatial Airport Passenger Flow Modeling Framework
airport networks	Hybrid Learning-Based Slot Allocation in Airport Networks with Flying Time Flexibility
Airport passenger flow modeling	A Temporal–Spatial Airport Passenger Flow Modeling Framework
Airport Slot Allocation	Multi-Objective Column Generation for Solving the combined Airport Declared Capacity and Slot Allocation Problem Strategic Airport Slot Allocation under Capacity Constraints: A Stackelberg Game
airspace networks	Optimal Schedules for Information Collection in Airspace Networks
all-electric ship	A branch-and-price approach for optimizing all-electric ships scheduling in waterborne transport
Alternative fuel	Finite Dominating Sets for the Refueling Station Location Problem in Fleet Operations
Altruism	When Altruism Meets Autonomy: Managing Bottleneck Congestion with Strategic Autonomous Vehicles
Ambiguity-averse route choice	Risk-Averse Stochastic User Equilibrium on Uncertain Transportation Networks
anticipative control	Online Balanced and Staggered Routing in Autonomous Mobility-on-Demand Systems
Approximate Dynamic Programming	Adding Precision to Speed - Stochastic Dynamic Delivery Routing with Soft Time Windows Pricing, bundling, and compensation decisions in dynamic crowdsourced delivery problems
Arc Routing	The Undirected Team Orienteering Arc Routing Problem: Formulations, Valid Inequalities, and Exact Algorithms
Arc-Flow	A Comparison of Dantzig-Wolfe and Arc-Flow Reformulations with Application to Vehicle Routing
area clearing	Joint Area Clearing and Path Planning for Military and Humanitarian Logistics Applications
Artillery Unit Operation	Routing Optimization for Field Artillery Units with Scheduling Considerations
assignment game	Distance-Based Subsidy Rate Design to Incentivize Ride-Hail Access to Advanced Air Mobility Hubs
asymptotic analysis	Outbound Shipping Decisions in Two-Echelon Reverse Logistics Networks
Attended Home Delivery	Fast Approaches for Interactive Time Slotting
Auction	Auction-Based Procurement Mechanism Design for Freight-as-a-Service (FaaS) Systems
augmented graph	Graph Transformers on Augmented Graphs for Scalable Rounded Capacity Cut Separation
Automated parcel lockers	Recipient preferences-based assignment of parcels to service points
Automated Vehicle	A New Operational Primitive for Automated Intersections
autonomous driving	Geofenced Demand-Responsive Transit: Autonomous Vehicle Fleet Sizing and District Design Under Spatial Demand Uncertainty
autonomous mobility-on-demand	Online Balanced and Staggered Routing in Autonomous Mobility-on-Demand Systems
autonomous modular vehicle	Cooperative bargaining for integrated passenger-freight transport systems with modular autonomous vehicles (MAVs)
Autonomous trucking	Optimization of Autonomous Trucking for Long-Haul Freight: Cutting Costs or Cutting Jobs?
Autonomous Vehicle	Autonomous Vehicles in Urban Spatial Equilibrium: Congestion, Mode Choice, and Residential Location
autonomous vehicle identification	SVBRD-LLM: Self-Verifying Behavioral Rule Discovery for Autonomous Vehicle Identification
Autonomous vehicles	Robotaxis as Capacity Expansion: Certification-Based Pricing and Matching
Availability Control	Block Now or Relocate Later? Availability Control of Short-Term Rentals in Vehicle Sharing Systems Considering Long-Term Rental Reservations
Aviation sustainment	Bi-Objective Stochastic Inventory Placement with Scenario-Based Uncertainty for Aircraft Maintenance Facilities
B
balanced routing	Online Balanced and Staggered Routing in Autonomous Mobility-on-Demand Systems
Barge operations	Fast Barge, Smart Prices: Deep RL for Mississippi Container Service Feasibility
battery degradation	Battery Degradation-aware Planning and Operations of Shared Electric Vehicle Fleets with Robust Satisficing
battery electric buses	Optimal Scheduling and Charging of Mixed Bus Fleet via Accelerated Logic-Based Benders Decomposition
Battery-aware repositioning	Integrated Dynamic Optimization of Shared E-Scooter Systems: Real-Time Battery-Aware Repositioning and Rider Incentive System
Bayesian Modeling	Generative AI–Assisted Decision Support for Optimal Shelter Allocation during Floods
behavioral rule discovery	SVBRD-LLM: Self-Verifying Behavioral Rule Discovery for Autonomous Vehicle Identification
Behavioral uncertainty	Law Enforcement in Curb Space Management: A Game-Theoretic and Optimization-Based Analysis of Operator, User, and Regulator Interactions
Benders decomposition	Multi-Period Bioenergy Supply Chain Planning Incorporating Biomass Pricing and Perishability Locomotive Assignment under Schedule Uncertainty Demand-driven hub and service network design under uncertainty Risk-averse planning for multi-stakeholder freight transportation systems: integrating strategic resource allocation and service network design Time-Dependent Integrated Network Design for Supply and Demand in Disaster Response Robust Distribution Network Design under the Risk of Adversarial Disruptions
Benders–singular value decomposition	Hydrogen Refueling Station Location under Demand Uncertainty: A Hybrid BD–SVD Decomposition Framework
Benefit redistribution	Benefit Redistribution Mechanisms for Multi-Operator Truck Platooning in Stackelberg-Generalized Nash Game Perspective
Betweenness centrality	Betweenness Central Nodes Under Uncertainty: An Absorbing Markov Chain Approach
BHH Theorem	Assessing and Explaining Urban Transportation Network Efficiency
Bi-level optimization	Bi-Level Route Optimization and Path Planning with Hazard Exploration Optimal Charging Facility Placement and Vehicle Purchase Subsidies to Promote Electric Truck Adoption
Bi-objective optimization	Integrating qualitative data into demand estimation for transit service design Equity-Driven Workload Allocation in Crowdshipping Bi-Objective Stochastic Inventory Placement with Scenario-Based Uncertainty for Aircraft Maintenance Facilities
bid price control	Bid Price Control in Passenger Transportation Networks under Degeneracy
bike-share	Electrifying Bike-share Systems at Scale
bike-sharing systems	Balancing Operational and Tactical Objectives in Dynamic Bike-Sharing Maintenance
bilevel	A Principle-Agent Model for Time-Expanded HDEV Charging Network Design for Long Haul Shipping
Bilevel and trilevel optimization	Robust Distribution Network Design under the Risk of Adversarial Disruptions
Bilevel optimization	Distance-Based Subsidy Rate Design to Incentivize Ride-Hail Access to Advanced Air Mobility Hubs A Bilevel Optimization Framework for Incentive-Guided Profitable Tour Problem toward Equitable Food Accessibility Optimal Taxes and Subsidies for Sustainable City Logistics: A Multi-Agency Bilevel Game-Theoretic Framework
bilevel relay network design	A bilevel approach for multi-period relay network design with uncertain user preferences
Biomass/Biofuel Network Design	Multi-Period Bioenergy Supply Chain Planning Incorporating Biomass Pricing and Perishability
Bipartite matching	Expected Optimal Distances of Random Bipartite Matching in D-dimensional Spaces
Bottleneck model	Inverse Optimal Transport for Bottleneck Models: Estimating Temporal Travel Demand Distributions
Bounds and approximations	Electrifying the Fleet: Dimensioning Electric Vehicle Sharing Systems
Branch and price	Joint Optimization of Track Assignment and Crane Capacity Allocation for Railway Operations at Sea-Rail Intermodal Container Ports
Branch-and-Cut	The Undirected Team Orienteering Arc Routing Problem: Formulations, Valid Inequalities, and Exact Algorithms
branch-and-price	A branch-and-price approach for optimizing all-electric ships scheduling in waterborne transport
Branch-and-price-and-cut	The drone scheduling problem in shore-to-ship delivery: A time discretization-based model with an exact solving approach L-DDOIs: Learning-based Deep Dual-Optimal Inequalities for Stabilizing Column Generation Predictive and Prescriptive Analytics toward Optimizing Wildfire Suppression
bus routing heuristics	Rural School Bus Routing and Scheduling
C
capability study	The potential of cargo-hitching
Capacity Constraints	Fulfillment Center Location Planning with Complex Assignment Constraints Fast Barge, Smart Prices: Deep RL for Mississippi Container Service Feasibility Strategic Airport Slot Allocation under Capacity Constraints: A Stackelberg Game
Capacity Management	Data-Driven Picking Time Estimation for In-Store E-Grocery Fulfilment Multi-Objective Column Generation for Solving the combined Airport Declared Capacity and Slot Allocation Problem
Capacity planning	Dynamic Fleet Management with Endogenous Demand Growth in On-Demand Delivery: A Reinforcement Learning Approach Electrifying the Fleet: Dimensioning Electric Vehicle Sharing Systems
Capacity Reservation Uncertainty	A Predict-Then-Optimize Framework for Data-Driven Decision Making in Commercial-Humanitarian Airlift Operations
cargo-hitching	The potential of cargo-hitching
Carrier coordination	Auction-Based Procurement Mechanism Design for Freight-as-a-Service (FaaS) Systems
case study at industry partner	Environmental Impact of Long-Combination Vehicles in Full-Truckload Transport Planning
case-pack	Case-Pack Allocation for E-Commerce Retailers
causal inference	Predictive and Prescriptive Analytics toward Optimizing Wildfire Suppression
CETSP	Using Randomized Heuristics, Regression, and Machine Learning to Estimate the Close Enough TSP Optimal Tour Length
Chance-Constrained Programming	"Yeraz" Electric Transit Optimizer
Charging facilities	Optimal Charging Facility Placement and Vehicle Purchase Subsidies to Promote Electric Truck Adoption
Charging infrastructure	Electrifying the Fleet: Dimensioning Electric Vehicle Sharing Systems
Charging management	Managing Precautionary Demand at Public Fast Charging Stations
Checkpoint-reach time prediction	A Temporal–Spatial Airport Passenger Flow Modeling Framework
choice-based optimization	Choice-based periodic vehicle routing and pricing
chool bus routing and scheduling	Rural School Bus Routing and Scheduling
Climate Resilience	Resilient Route Mapping: A Framework for Flood-Adaptive Logistics, Infrastructure, and Emergency Response Climate-Adaptive Travel Behavior Across Urban and Interurban Systems: Insights from Israel’s Highway 2 and New York City Shared Mobility
Closed queueing networks	Electrifying the Fleet: Dimensioning Electric Vehicle Sharing Systems
Closed-form estimation	Expected Optimal Distances of Random Bipartite Matching in D-dimensional Spaces
closed-form optimal speeds	An Exact Price-and-Enumerate Algorithm for Vehicle Routing Problem with Speed Optimization
cluster-then-route	Rural School Bus Routing and Scheduling
Co-Investment	Co-Investment with Payoff-Sharing Mechanism for Cooperative Decision-Making in Network Design Games
Co-modality	Coordinate Scheduled and On-Demand Jobs in a Spatial Setting: A Simple Zoning and Switching Policy
Collection and delivery points	Strategic design of collection and delivery point networks for urban parcel distribution
column and constraint generation	Minimum Cost Flow Interdiction with Shifting Supply and Recruitment for Disrupting Human Trafficking Networks
Column generation	Case-Pack Allocation for E-Commerce Retailers Exact Bucket-Based Column Generation for Nested Path Problems Learning to Price: Meta-RL Column Generation for Resource Allocation over Nonlinear Dynamic Systems Subpath-Based Column Generation for Electric Vehicle Routing Problem Variants Linear lexicographic optimization and preferential bidding system Vehicle scheduling in modularized transit networks for passenger-freight co-modal operations with end-to-end freight logistics A Comparison of Dantzig-Wolfe and Arc-Flow Reformulations with Application to Vehicle Routing L-DDOIs: Learning-based Deep Dual-Optimal Inequalities for Stabilizing Column Generation Joint Fleet Scheduling and Cargo Flow Allocation for Air Cargo Services Intra-City Express Delivery Service Network Design Multi-Objective Column Generation for Solving the combined Airport Declared Capacity and Slot Allocation Problem
Combinatorial Auctions	Towards a Decentralized Approach for Collaborative Service Network Design
combinatorial multiarmed bandit	Contextual Combinatorial Bandit for Vehicle Routing with Stochastic Profits
Combinatorial Optimization	Using Randomized Heuristics, Regression, and Machine Learning to Estimate the Close Enough TSP Optimal Tour Length Optimizing Real-time Freight Bundling via Deep Learning--Accelerated Heuristics
combinatorial optimization–augmented machine learning	Online Balanced and Staggered Routing in Autonomous Mobility-on-Demand Systems
Commodity Aggregation	Commodity Aggregation-Based Relaxation Techniques for Large Scale Instances of the Scheduled Service Network Design Problem
community-based operations research	Redesigning Bus Networks at Scale
Commuting Mode Choice	Autonomous Vehicles in Urban Spatial Equilibrium: Congestion, Mode Choice, and Residential Location
Compensation	Pricing, bundling, and compensation decisions in dynamic crowdsourced delivery problems
Computational efficiency	Learning Road Network Distances for Last-Mile Routing
Conditional value-at-risk	A Novel L-Shaped Refinement Chain Cuts Method for Two-Stage Stochastic Programs with application to Stochastic Network Design
congestion	Routing in Line Networks with Handling Times
Congestion effects	Can Dynamic Restaurant Rankings Improve Delivery Efficiency? A Real-Time Optimization Framework with Courier Routing
Congestion games	Credit vs. Discount-Based Congestion Pricing: A Comparison Study
congestion mitigation	Online Balanced and Staggered Routing in Autonomous Mobility-on-Demand Systems
Congestion pricing	Simple vs. Optimal Congestion Pricing
Connected and autonomous vehicles	Base Loop: Fleet Deployment for On-Demand CAV Services Verified via Queuing Models
consistency	Consistent Home Healthcare Routing with Patient Fluctuation
constrained clustering	Fulfillment Center Location Planning with Complex Assignment Constraints
Constrained Markov decision processes	Fast Barge, Smart Prices: Deep RL for Mississippi Container Service Feasibility
Constraint Handling	Approximate Constraint Reasoning in Neural Policies for the TSP with Time Windows
contextual information	Contextual Combinatorial Bandit for Vehicle Routing with Stochastic Profits
Contiguity	The Fulfillment Regionalization Problem
continuity of care	Consistent Home Healthcare Routing with Patient Fluctuation
Continuous approximation	A Continuous Approximation Framework for Public School Transportation Policymaking A Newsvendor Model for Last-Mile Fleet Sizing Coordinate Scheduled and On-Demand Jobs in a Spatial Setting: A Simple Zoning and Switching Policy Strategic design of collection and delivery point networks for urban parcel distribution Spin the Bottle Bill: Deposit-Refund System Policy and Reverse Supply Chain Design A Queueing-Theoretic Approximation of Truck–Drone Collaborative Delivery
continuous speed optimization	An Exact Price-and-Enumerate Algorithm for Vehicle Routing Problem with Speed Optimization
continuous time	A New Exact Algorithm for Continuous-Time Service Network Design with Splittable Delivery
Contract Design	Usage-based Insurance and Rational Inattention in the Era of Connected Vehicles
Convex optimization	Low-Rank Convex Optimization for Scalable Traffic Assignment
cooperative bargaining	Cooperative bargaining for integrated passenger-freight transport systems with modular autonomous vehicles (MAVs)
Cooperative control	Cooperative dispatch of mobile charging trucks during mass evacuation
Coordinated Dynamic Operation	Optimal Multi-Modal Transportation and Electric Power Flow: The Value of Coordinated Dynamic Operation
Coordinated fleet deployment	Base Loop: Fleet Deployment for On-Demand CAV Services Verified via Queuing Models
Coordinated logistics	Optimizing Coordinated Logistics by Drones and Public Transit for Efficient Deliveries
Corporate net zero	Constructing and Mobilising an Emissions Efficiency Index for a Multi-Modal Shipping Network
Correlated Disruption	Reliable Facility Location Design under Correlated Disruptions and Imperfect Information
cost function approximation	Balancing Operational and Tactical Objectives in Dynamic Bike-Sharing Maintenance Dynamic capacity and shipment control for middle-mile operations The Dynamic Multi-Objective Driver Dispatching Problem in Full Truck Load Transport
Cournot competition	Understanding Participation of Competing Firms in Supply Chain Information Sharing under Disruptions
Crane capacity allocation	Joint Optimization of Track Assignment and Crane Capacity Allocation for Railway Operations at Sea-Rail Intermodal Container Ports
Crew scheduling	Exact Bucket-Based Column Generation for Nested Path Problems
Crowdshipping	Equity-Driven Workload Allocation in Crowdshipping Dynamic Pickup-and-Delivery with In-store Crowdshippers and Lockers A Machine Learning Approach for Marginal Fulfillment Cost Estimation in Last Mile Delivery
crowdsource delivery	Dynamic Matching with Preference Learning in Crowdsourced Delivery Platforms
Crowdsourced delivery	Pricing, bundling, and compensation decisions in dynamic crowdsourced delivery problems
Cruising delay estimation	A Markov Queueing Perspective on Cruising Delays for Downtown Curbside Parking
Cruising for parking	A Markov Queueing Perspective on Cruising Delays for Downtown Curbside Parking
Curb space	Law Enforcement in Curb Space Management: A Game-Theoretic and Optimization-Based Analysis of Operator, User, and Regulator Interactions
Customer Choice Uncertainty	Parcel Locker Placement under Customer Choice Uncertainty
Customer preferences	Recipient preferences-based assignment of parcels to service points
Customer-to-Depot Assignment	Machine Learning for Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing
Cut generation	Optimizing metro timetabling and capacity decisions considering feeder buses
Cutting plane method	Two-Stage Fixed-Charge Transportation Problem: A Cutting Plane Based Solution Approach
CVaR risk aversion	Risk-averse planning for multi-stakeholder freight transportation systems: integrating strategic resource allocation and service network design
D
D-dimensional space	Expected Optimal Distances of Random Bipartite Matching in D-dimensional Spaces
Dantzig-Wolfe	A Comparison of Dantzig-Wolfe and Arc-Flow Reformulations with Application to Vehicle Routing
Data-driven	Dispatch or Hold? An Inverse Optimization and Reinforcement Learning Approach for Multi-Objective On-Demand Delivery
Data-driven decision support	Data-Driven Picking Time Estimation for In-Store E-Grocery Fulfilment
data-driven heuristics	Robust Outbound Load Planning with Volume Splitting for Parcel Carriers
data-driven models	Offline Model-Based Routing Optimization with MIP-Representable Deep Set Surrogates
Data-driven optimization	A mixture ensemble learning method for ship selection in maritime transportation
Data-Scarce Urban Mobility	"Yeraz" Electric Transit Optimizer
DC charging	Emerging Electric Vehicle charging market: Analyzing the impact of firm pricing, charging speed, consumer preferences, and power tariff subsidy
Decentralized Decision-making	A Multi-Agent Framework for Sustainable Freight Distribution and Energy Supply
Decentralized Planning	Towards a Decentralized Approach for Collaborative Service Network Design
Decision-dependent robust formulation	Decision-dependent Robust Charging Infrastructure Planning for Light-duty Truck Electrification at Industrial Sites
decision-focused learning	Learning Road Network Distances for Last-Mile Routing L2Ofor2SP: Learning-to-Optimize for Two-stage Stochastic Programs with Continuous Recourse
Decomposition Algorithm	Multi-stage Stochastic Optimizing and Reinforcement Learning Approaches for Dynamic Inspection of Infrastructure Systems
decomposition-based algorithm	Inventory Prepositioning as a Resilience Strategy Under Disruptions Integrated Community Shuttle Service Network Design and Operations
Dedicated routes	Finite Dominating Sets for the Refueling Station Location Problem in Fleet Operations
Deep dual-optimal inequalities	L-DDOIs: Learning-based Deep Dual-Optimal Inequalities for Stabilizing Column Generation
deep learning	Targeted alerts to improve road safety Optimizing Real-time Freight Bundling via Deep Learning--Accelerated Heuristics
Deep Reinforcement Learning	Sequential Service Region Design Under Investment Limitation and Spillover Effect
demand and capacity management	Hybrid Learning-Based Slot Allocation in Airport Networks with Flying Time Flexibility
demand and capacity uncertainty	Risk-averse planning for multi-stakeholder freight transportation systems: integrating strategic resource allocation and service network design
Demand estimation	Integrating qualitative data into demand estimation for transit service design
demand imbalance	Ride-Hailing Networks with Strategic Drivers: The Effects of Driver Wage Policies and Network Characteristics on Performance
Demand management	Can Dynamic Restaurant Rankings Improve Delivery Efficiency? A Real-Time Optimization Framework with Courier Routing Dynamic Fleet Management with Endogenous Demand Growth in On-Demand Delivery: A Reinforcement Learning Approach Dynamic Demand Management for Probabilistic Out-of-Home Delivery Options Peak Shaving Heuristic for Periodic Vehicle Routing A Machine Learning Approach for Marginal Fulfillment Cost Estimation in Last Mile Delivery
demand re-balancing	Rider Strategic Behavior in Ride-Sharing Platforms
Demand scaling	Growth Planning in Emerging Agricultural Supply Chains: Demand Scaling and Warehouse Opening Thresholds
demand uncertainty	Online Balanced and Staggered Routing in Autonomous Mobility-on-Demand Systems Integrated Community Shuttle Service Network Design and Operations
demand-responsive transit	Generalized Route Planning and Scheduling with Time-Dependent Travel Times on Road Networks
demand-supply interatctions	Service Design for Centralized Mobility-on-Demand Systems
Departure-time equilibrium	Inverse Optimal Transport for Bottleneck Models: Estimating Temporal Travel Demand Distributions
Deposit Refund System	Spin the Bottle Bill: Deposit-Refund System Policy and Reverse Supply Chain Design
Digital labor platforms	Analyzing Adaptive Platform Worker Interactions in the Gig Economy Using Agent-Based Modeling
Disaggregated model	An Integer Program Approach for Generating Activity-Based Travel Demand from Trip-Based Model
Disaster Management	Generative AI–Assisted Decision Support for Optimal Shelter Allocation during Floods
Disaster response	Time-Dependent Integrated Network Design for Supply and Demand in Disaster Response
disrupting human trafficking	Minimum Cost Flow Interdiction with Shifting Supply and Recruitment for Disrupting Human Trafficking Networks
Disruption	Two-stage stochastic programming for VRP with vehicle breakdown
Disruptions	Robust Distribution Network Design under the Risk of Adversarial Disruptions
Distance Estimation	SCGraph: A Dependency-Free Python Package for Road, Rail, and Maritime Shortest Path Routing Generation and Distance Estimation
distribution logistics	{Learning-based Assignment of Drivers to Customers in Delivery Operations
Distribution network design	Robust Distribution Network Design under the Risk of Adversarial Disruptions
Distribution Power Grid	Unveiling the Full Potential of Mobility-aware Coordinated EV Charging for Grid Resilience
Distributionally robust optimization	Data-Driven Optimization for the Network Design of Multimodal Transit Systems under Travel Time and Demand Ambiguity Risk-Averse Stochastic User Equilibrium on Uncertain Transportation Networks Betweenness Central Nodes Under Uncertainty: An Absorbing Markov Chain Approach Geofenced Demand-Responsive Transit: Autonomous Vehicle Fleet Sizing and District Design Under Spatial Demand Uncertainty
Districting	The Fulfillment Regionalization Problem
docking capacity	Intra-City Express Delivery Service Network Design
driver satisfaction	The Dynamic Multi-Objective Driver Dispatching Problem in Full Truck Load Transport
Driver workforce	Optimization of Autonomous Trucking for Long-Haul Freight: Cutting Costs or Cutting Jobs?
driver-customer familiarity	{Learning-based Assignment of Drivers to Customers in Delivery Operations
Drone deliveries	Optimizing Coordinated Logistics by Drones and Public Transit for Efficient Deliveries
Drone scheduling problem	The drone scheduling problem in shore-to-ship delivery: A time discretization-based model with an exact solving approach
drones	On the Polytope of the Traveling Salesman Problem with Drone Optimal Agricultural Drone Deployment and Routing with Weather-Aware Planning
Dual stabilization	L-DDOIs: Learning-based Deep Dual-Optimal Inequalities for Stabilizing Column Generation
dynamic decision making	Repair Crew Routing for Infrastructure Network Restoration under Incomplete Information
Dynamic discrete choice model	Joint Estimation of a Semi-Markov Decision Process Model of Vacant Taxi Matching and Routing in a Large Network
Dynamic discretization discovery	A New Exact Algorithm for Continuous-Time Service Network Design with Splittable Delivery Dynamic Discretization for Multi-Modal Fleet Coordination in Expeditionary Logistics Dynamic Discretization Discovery for Time-Expanded Network Design with Time Windows
dynamic fleet management	The Dynamic Multi-Objective Driver Dispatching Problem in Full Truck Load Transport
dynamic home healthcare scheduling and routing	Consistent Home Healthcare Routing with Patient Fluctuation
Dynamic information design	Dynamic Information Design in Routing Games with Learning Agents
dynamic maintenance routing	Balancing Operational and Tactical Objectives in Dynamic Bike-Sharing Maintenance
dynamic matching	Dynamic Matching with Preference Learning in Crowdsourced Delivery Platforms
Dynamic pooling	Managing Residual Capacity through Dynamic Pooling in Hyperconnected Parcel Distribution Networks
Dynamic pricing	Fast Barge, Smart Prices: Deep RL for Mississippi Container Service Feasibility
dynamic programming	Subpath-Based Column Generation for Electric Vehicle Routing Problem Variants Generalized Route Planning and Scheduling with Time-Dependent Travel Times on Road Networks Learning Competition Status with Small Samples in Ride-Hailing Platforms Exact Algorithms for Shipment Consolidation Problems with Various Nonlinear Cost Structures
Dynamic rebalancing	Integrated Dynamic Optimization of Shared E-Scooter Systems: Real-Time Battery-Aware Repositioning and Rider Incentive System
dynamic routing	Dynamic capacity and shipment control for middle-mile operations
dynamic routing games	Dynamic Information Design in Routing Games with Learning Agents
Dynamic Slot Adjustment	Fast Approaches for Interactive Time Slotting
dynamic stochastic matching	On the Linear Programming Model for Dynamic Stochastic Matching and Its Application to Pricing
dynamic traffic signal optimization	Dynamic network traffic signal optimization via data-driven link dynamics model
E
e-commerce	Improving supply chain network resilience: A framework for diagnosing vulnerabilities in e-commerce distribution networks
e-commerce supply chain	Case-Pack Allocation for E-Commerce Retailers
e-grocery	A Machine Learning Approach for Marginal Fulfillment Cost Estimation in Last Mile Delivery
Edge Classification	Supervised machine learning for accelerating solvers and metaheuristics in routing problems
Electric Bus Fleet Planning	"Yeraz" Electric Transit Optimizer
Electric bus fleet transition	Transition to electric buses in feeder lines in Quito - Ecuador: An integer programming model
Electric trucks	Optimal Charging Facility Placement and Vehicle Purchase Subsidies to Promote Electric Truck Adoption
Electric vehicle routing	Solving Large-Scale Heterogeneous Fleet VRPs under Different Objective Functions
Electric vehicle sharing systems	Electrifying the Fleet: Dimensioning Electric Vehicle Sharing Systems
Electric vehicles	A Principle-Agent Model for Time-Expanded HDEV Charging Network Design for Long Haul Shipping Subpath-Based Column Generation for Electric Vehicle Routing Problem Variants Unveiling the Full Potential of Mobility-aware Coordinated EV Charging for Grid Resilience
Electric vehicles fleet	Finite Dominating Sets for the Refueling Station Location Problem in Fleet Operations
Electrical vehicles	Decision-dependent Robust Charging Infrastructure Planning for Light-duty Truck Electrification at Industrial Sites
Elementary shortest path	Unsupervised Learning for the Elementary Shortest Path Problem
Emergency logistics	Dynamic Discretization for Multi-Modal Fleet Coordination in Expeditionary Logistics
Emergency Response	From Auction to Delivery: Fast Resource Exchange and Collaborative Routing with SWAP-and-Route
Emerging markets	A Heuristic Solution Approach for the Closed-Open Mixed VRP with Time Dependencies
emissions-sensitive shippers	Electrifying middle-mile freight networks under shipper emissions sensitivity
empirical OM	Competition for customer attention could be causing oversupply in US micromobility
end-to-end learning	L2Ofor2SP: Learning-to-Optimize for Two-stage Stochastic Programs with Continuous Recourse
Endogenous demand	Dynamic Fleet Management with Endogenous Demand Growth in On-Demand Delivery: A Reinforcement Learning Approach
Energy saving	Maglev Train Speed-Profile Optimization
Energy-mobility systems	A Multi-Agent Framework for Sustainable Freight Distribution and Energy Supply
equipment yards	Environmental Impact of Long-Combination Vehicles in Full-Truckload Transport Planning
Equitable workload allocation	Equity-Driven Workload Allocation in Crowdshipping
Equity measures	Equity-Driven Workload Allocation in Crowdshipping
Equity-based order-courier matching	Can Dynamic Restaurant Rankings Improve Delivery Efficiency? A Real-Time Optimization Framework with Courier Routing
estimated time of arrival (ETA)	Dynamic Truck Scheduling Using Estimated Times of Arrival
Estimation	Using Randomized Heuristics, Regression, and Machine Learning to Estimate the Close Enough TSP Optimal Tour Length
EV	Stochastic Control of EV Charging with Priority Classes and Power-Adaptive Mode Switching
EV Charging Coordination	Unveiling the Full Potential of Mobility-aware Coordinated EV Charging for Grid Resilience
EV charging service	Emerging Electric Vehicle charging market: Analyzing the impact of firm pricing, charging speed, consumer preferences, and power tariff subsidy
EV sharing	Battery Degradation-aware Planning and Operations of Shared Electric Vehicle Fleets with Robust Satisficing
evacuation planning	Time-Dependent Integrated Network Design for Supply and Demand in Disaster Response Multimodal Mass Evacuation: Formulations, Decomposition Algorithms and An Application to Metro Disruption
exact algorithm	A New Exact Algorithm for Continuous-Time Service Network Design with Splittable Delivery
Expediting	Delay-Adaptive Expediting for Resilient and Sustainable Freight Transport Corridors
Expediting Decisions	Valuing Real-Time Digital Monitoring for On-Time Operational Performance
Explainable AI	Climate-Adaptive Travel Behavior Across Urban and Interurban Systems: Insights from Israel’s Highway 2 and New York City Shared Mobility
explainable artificial intelligence	SVBRD-LLM: Self-Verifying Behavioral Rule Discovery for Autonomous Vehicle Identification
F
facets	On the Polytope of the Traveling Salesman Problem with Drone
Facility location	Designing Scalable Access Hub Networks for Physical Internet–Enabled Hyperconnected Urban Logistics Robust Distribution Network Design under the Risk of Adversarial Disruptions Spin the Bottle Bill: Deposit-Refund System Policy and Reverse Supply Chain Design Reliable Facility Location Design under Correlated Disruptions and Imperfect Information Growth Planning in Emerging Agricultural Supply Chains: Demand Scaling and Warehouse Opening Thresholds
Facility Location Planning	Optimal Agricultural Drone Deployment and Routing with Weather-Aware Planning
Facility Location Problem	Machine‑Learning‑Assisted Heuristics for Hub Selection in LTL Freight Networks
FAF5	Hydrogen Refueling Station Location under Demand Uncertainty: A Hybrid BD–SVD Decomposition Framework
Fairness	Can Dynamic Restaurant Rankings Improve Delivery Efficiency? A Real-Time Optimization Framework with Courier Routing Auction-Based Procurement Mechanism Design for Freight-as-a-Service (FaaS) Systems
Feature engineering	A Machine Learning Approach for Marginal Fulfillment Cost Estimation in Last Mile Delivery
Feeder services	Optimizing metro timetabling and capacity decisions considering feeder buses
field experiment	Targeted alerts to improve road safety
Finite dominating set	Finite Dominating Sets for the Refueling Station Location Problem in Fleet Operations
First-order traffic flow	Stochastic Shockwave Dynamics in First-Order Traffic Flow Models
Fixed-charge network flow	Locomotive Assignment under Schedule Uncertainty
Fleet assignment	Fleet Assignment and Timetabling with Passenger Choice Model: Volumetric Adaptive Network Tailoring Approach via Guided Exploration
fleet electrification	Electrifying middle-mile freight networks under shipper emissions sensitivity
Fleet expansion	Dynamic Fleet Management with Endogenous Demand Growth in On-Demand Delivery: A Reinforcement Learning Approach
fleet replacement	A Tri-Objective Optimization Framework for Sustainable Electrification of Urban Bus Fleets
Fleet scheduling	Joint Fleet Scheduling and Cargo Flow Allocation for Air Cargo Services
fleet sizing	Transit Line Planning with Heterogeneous Vehicles Capacities A Newsvendor Model for Last-Mile Fleet Sizing
Fleet Utilization	Peak Shaving Heuristic for Periodic Vehicle Routing
Flexible Deliveries	A Metaheuristic Approach for the Stochastic Vehicle Routing Problem with Flexible Deliveries
flexible pickup and dropoff	Generalized Route Planning and Scheduling with Time-Dependent Travel Times on Road Networks
Flood Response	Generative AI–Assisted Decision Support for Optimal Shelter Allocation during Floods
flood-adaptive routing	Resilient Route Mapping: A Framework for Flood-Adaptive Logistics, Infrastructure, and Emergency Response
fluid relaxation	On the Linear Programming Model for Dynamic Stochastic Matching and Its Application to Pricing
Food accessibility	A Bilevel Optimization Framework for Incentive-Guided Profitable Tour Problem toward Equitable Food Accessibility
food loss	A Vehicle Routing Formulation for Harvest Scheduling in Banana Production
Freight as a service (FaaS)	Auction-Based Procurement Mechanism Design for Freight-as-a-Service (FaaS) Systems
Freight Logistics	Resilient Route Mapping: A Framework for Flood-Adaptive Logistics, Infrastructure, and Emergency Response A Multi-Agent Framework for Sustainable Freight Distribution and Energy Supply
Freight railway transportation	Locomotive Assignment under Schedule Uncertainty
Freight service design	Fast Barge, Smart Prices: Deep RL for Mississippi Container Service Feasibility
Freight transport	Constructing and Mobilising an Emissions Efficiency Index for a Multi-Modal Shipping Network
Freight transportation	Demand-driven hub and service network design under uncertainty A Multistage Stochastic Framework for Hub and Service Network Design Towards a Decentralized Approach for Collaborative Service Network Design Electrifying middle-mile freight networks under shipper emissions sensitivity Underground Tunnel Transportation for Middle Mile Delivery
Fulfillment networks	The Fulfillment Regionalization Problem
full-truckload pickup and delivery problem	Environmental Impact of Long-Combination Vehicles in Full-Truckload Transport Planning
G
Game Theory	Simple vs. Optimal Congestion Pricing Understanding Participation of Competing Firms in Supply Chain Information Sharing under Disruptions Co-Investment with Payoff-Sharing Mechanism for Cooperative Decision-Making in Network Design Games Cooperation and Competition in Multimodal Transportation Incentive Programs: A Tri-level Game-Theoretic Optimization Approach When Altruism Meets Autonomy: Managing Bottleneck Congestion with Strategic Autonomous Vehicles
Game-Theoretic	Optimal Taxes and Subsidies for Sustainable City Logistics: A Multi-Agency Bilevel Game-Theoretic Framework
Game-theoretic optimization	Strategic Airport Slot Allocation under Capacity Constraints: A Stackelberg Game
generalized dial-a-ride problem	Generalized Route Planning and Scheduling with Time-Dependent Travel Times on Road Networks
Generalized Nash Equilibrium	Benefit Redistribution Mechanisms for Multi-Operator Truck Platooning in Stackelberg-Generalized Nash Game Perspective
generalized noncooperative game	Generalized Traffic Equilibrium with Ride-hailing and Customer Waiting
Generative AI	Generative AI–Assisted Decision Support for Optimal Shelter Allocation during Floods
Geographical Information Systems	Multi-Period Bioenergy Supply Chain Planning Incorporating Biomass Pricing and Perishability
Geographically weighted regression	Ride-Sourcing Demand Estimation Using Aggregated Public Data
Gibbs posterior	A Gibbs Posterior View of User Equilibrium: Temperature Scaling of Uncertainty
Gig economy	Analyzing Adaptive Platform Worker Interactions in the Gig Economy Using Agent-Based Modeling
GIS-based routing	Growth Planning in Emerging Agricultural Supply Chains: Demand Scaling and Warehouse Opening Thresholds
graph neural network	Unsupervised Learning for the Elementary Shortest Path Problem
Graph Neural Networks	Machine Learning for Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing
graph theory	An Iterative Network Flow Algorithm for Online Pickup and Delivery
graph transformer	Graph Transformers on Augmented Graphs for Scalable Rounded Capacity Cut Separation
Green supply chain	Strategic Deployment of Onboard Carbon Capture to Green the Maritime Supply Chain
H
harvesting	A Vehicle Routing Formulation for Harvest Scheduling in Banana Production
Hazard impacts	Risk-Averse Stochastic User Equilibrium on Uncertain Transportation Networks
healthcare operations	Consistent Home Healthcare Routing with Patient Fluctuation
Heavy-tailed delays	Risk-Averse Stochastic User Equilibrium on Uncertain Transportation Networks
heterogeneity in service times	{Learning-based Assignment of Drivers to Customers in Delivery Operations
Heterogeneous fleet vehicle routing	Solving Large-Scale Heterogeneous Fleet VRPs under Different Objective Functions
Heterogeneous robots	Hybrid Robotic Bin-Picking Systems: Operational Strategies and Performance Evaluation
Heuristic algorithms	A Heuristic Solution Approach for the Closed-Open Mixed VRP with Time Dependencies
Heuristics	Peak Shaving Heuristic for Periodic Vehicle Routing
highway operations	GMNS: A Global Open Network Standard for Transportation Science and Logistics
Home delivery	Strategic design of collection and delivery point networks for urban parcel distribution
Horizontal Collaboration	Towards a Decentralized Approach for Collaborative Service Network Design
Horizontal Vehicle Collaboration	From Auction to Delivery: Fast Resource Exchange and Collaborative Routing with SWAP-and-Route
Hub location	Demand-driven hub and service network design under uncertainty A Multistage Stochastic Framework for Hub and Service Network Design
hub network design	Electrifying middle-mile freight networks under shipper emissions sensitivity
Hub-and-Spoke Networks	Commodity Aggregation-Based Relaxation Techniques for Large Scale Instances of the Scheduled Service Network Design Problem
Humanitarian Logistics	A Predict-Then-Optimize Framework for Data-Driven Decision Making in Commercial-Humanitarian Airlift Operations
Hydrogen fuel cell trucks	Hydrogen Refueling Station Location under Demand Uncertainty: A Hybrid BD–SVD Decomposition Framework
Hydrogen refueling station	Hydrogen Refueling Station Location under Demand Uncertainty: A Hybrid BD–SVD Decomposition Framework
Hyperconnected logistics	Managing Residual Capacity through Dynamic Pooling in Hyperconnected Parcel Distribution Networks
I
Illegal parking	Law Enforcement in Curb Space Management: A Game-Theoretic and Optimization-Based Analysis of Operator, User, and Regulator Interactions
imitation learning	Online Balanced and Staggered Routing in Autonomous Mobility-on-Demand Systems
In-store order picking	Data-Driven Picking Time Estimation for In-Store E-Grocery Fulfilment
In-vehicle transfers	Vehicle scheduling in modularized transit networks for passenger-freight co-modal operations with end-to-end freight logistics
Incentive design	A Bilevel Optimization Framework for Incentive-Guided Profitable Tour Problem toward Equitable Food Accessibility
Incentive Programs	Cooperation and Competition in Multimodal Transportation Incentive Programs: A Tri-level Game-Theoretic Optimization Approach
incentive-compatible pricing	Mixed-Type Courier Dispatching and Pricing for Online Food Delivery Platforms
Industrial hemp supply chain	Growth Planning in Emerging Agricultural Supply Chains: Demand Scaling and Warehouse Opening Thresholds
Influence Diagrams	Valuing Real-Time Digital Monitoring for On-Time Operational Performance
Information Collection	On a Generalization of the Information Collection Problem
information penalty	Dynamic Truck Scheduling Using Estimated Times of Arrival
information relaxation	Dynamic Truck Scheduling Using Estimated Times of Arrival
Information relaxation duality	Optimal Information Relaxation Bounds for Multi-Stage Stochastic Optimization with Application to Logistics Problems
information relaxations	Penalized Information Relaxations for Bounding and Approximating Stochastic Dynamic Programs
Information sharing	Understanding Participation of Competing Firms in Supply Chain Information Sharing under Disruptions
infrastructure design	A Principle-Agent Model for Time-Expanded HDEV Charging Network Design for Long Haul Shipping Battery Degradation-aware Planning and Operations of Shared Electric Vehicle Fleets with Robust Satisficing
infrastructure network repair	Repair Crew Routing for Infrastructure Network Restoration under Incomplete Information
infrastructure vulnerability	Resilient Route Mapping: A Framework for Flood-Adaptive Logistics, Infrastructure, and Emergency Response
Inland waterways freight transportation	Fast Barge, Smart Prices: Deep RL for Mississippi Container Service Feasibility
Inspection Routing	Multi-stage Stochastic Optimizing and Reinforcement Learning Approaches for Dynamic Inspection of Infrastructure Systems
Integer Linear Programming	Towards a Decentralized Approach for Collaborative Service Network Design
integer optimization	Optimizing Advanced Air Mobility Operations in a Corridor Network A Comparison of Dantzig-Wolfe and Arc-Flow Reformulations with Application to Vehicle Routing Predictive and Prescriptive Analytics toward Optimizing Wildfire Suppression
Integer program approach	An Integer Program Approach for Generating Activity-Based Travel Demand from Trip-Based Model
integer programming	{Learning-based Assignment of Drivers to Customers in Delivery Operations Rural School Bus Routing and Scheduling Fulfillment Center Location Planning with Complex Assignment Constraints Joint Fleet Scheduling and Cargo Flow Allocation for Air Cargo Services Strategic Deployment of Onboard Carbon Capture to Green the Maritime Supply Chain
integer-programming-based local search	Intra-City Express Delivery Service Network Design
integrated network design	Time-Dependent Integrated Network Design for Supply and Demand in Disaster Response
Integrated optimization	Joint Optimization of Track Assignment and Crane Capacity Allocation for Railway Operations at Sea-Rail Intermodal Container Ports
Integrated Traffic–Power Optimization	Optimal Multi-Modal Transportation and Electric Power Flow: The Value of Coordinated Dynamic Operation
Integration of transportation and inventory decisions	The Impact of Temporal Shipment Consolidation on Integrated Inventory-Transportation Decisions
Interpretable machine learning	Machine‑Learning‑Assisted Heuristics for Hub Selection in LTL Freight Networks
Interpretable optimization models	Interpretable Traffic Time Series Imputation via Hankel Lifting and Robust Regularization
intra-city express delivery	Intra-City Express Delivery Service Network Design
inventory distribution	Case-Pack Allocation for E-Commerce Retailers
Inventory placement	Bi-Objective Stochastic Inventory Placement with Scenario-Based Uncertainty for Aircraft Maintenance Facilities
Inventory prepositioning	Inventory Prepositioning as a Resilience Strategy Under Disruptions
Inventory replenishment	Delay-Adaptive Expediting for Resilient and Sustainable Freight Transport Corridors
Inverse optimal transport	Inverse Optimal Transport for Bottleneck Models: Estimating Temporal Travel Demand Distributions
Inverse optimization	Dispatch or Hold? An Inverse Optimization and Reinforcement Learning Approach for Multi-Objective On-Demand Delivery
Investment decision	Airport Capacity Expansion Under Demand Uncertainty and Present-Biased Decisions
Iteratively refinement	Fleet Assignment and Timetabling with Passenger Choice Model: Volumetric Adaptive Network Tailoring Approach via Guided Exploration
IV-AC Optimal Power Flow	Optimal Multi-Modal Transportation and Electric Power Flow: The Value of Coordinated Dynamic Operation
K
Kullback-Leibler divergence ambiguity sets	Betweenness Central Nodes Under Uncertainty: An Absorbing Markov Chain Approach
L
L-shaped decomposition	A Novel L-Shaped Refinement Chain Cuts Method for Two-Stage Stochastic Programs with application to Stochastic Network Design
Lane-Choice Behavior	When Altruism Meets Autonomy: Managing Bottleneck Congestion with Strategic Autonomous Vehicles
large language models (LLMs)	SVBRD-LLM: Self-Verifying Behavioral Rule Discovery for Autonomous Vehicle Identification
large neighborhood search	Environmental Impact of Long-Combination Vehicles in Full-Truckload Transport Planning
Large-scale networks	Low-Rank Convex Optimization for Scalable Traffic Assignment
Large-scale optimization	Learning to Price: Meta-RL Column Generation for Resource Allocation over Nonlinear Dynamic Systems Optimizing Coordinated Logistics by Drones and Public Transit for Efficient Deliveries Commodity Aggregation-Based Relaxation Techniques for Large Scale Instances of the Scheduled Service Network Design Problem Solving Large-Scale Heterogeneous Fleet VRPs under Different Objective Functions
Last mile	Parking-Aware Routing for Last-Mile Delivery
Last-mile delivery	Coordinate Scheduled and On-Demand Jobs in a Spatial Setting: A Simple Zoning and Switching Policy Recipient preferences-based assignment of parcels to service points Time Window Assortment Design with Stochastic Demand: The Value of Overlapping Time Windows Dynamic Vehicle Routing in Last-Mile Delivery with Parcel Lockers under Stochastic Availability A Queueing-Theoretic Approximation of Truck–Drone Collaborative Delivery
Last-Mile Distribution	A Newsvendor Model for Last-Mile Fleet Sizing Strategic design of collection and delivery point networks for urban parcel distribution
Last-mile logistics	Dynamic Pickup-and-Delivery with In-store Crowdshippers and Lockers
Last-mile routing	Learning Road Network Distances for Last-Mile Routing
last-mile service	Geofenced Demand-Responsive Transit: Autonomous Vehicle Fleet Sizing and District Design Under Spatial Demand Uncertainty
Law enforcement	Law Enforcement in Curb Space Management: A Game-Theoretic and Optimization-Based Analysis of Operator, User, and Regulator Interactions
learning agents	Dynamic Information Design in Routing Games with Learning Agents
learning effects	{Learning-based Assignment of Drivers to Customers in Delivery Operations
Learning-augmented optimization	L-DDOIs: Learning-based Deep Dual-Optimal Inequalities for Stabilizing Column Generation
Learning-Based Optimization	Machine Learning for Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing
learning-to-optimize	L2Ofor2SP: Learning-to-Optimize for Two-stage Stochastic Programs with Continuous Recourse
Limited Flexibility	Flexible Resource Allocation using k-Adaptable Policies
line planning	Routing in Line Networks with Handling Times Transit Line Planning with Heterogeneous Vehicles Capacities
linear lexicographic optimization	Linear lexicographic optimization and preferential bidding system
linear programming	Bid Price Control in Passenger Transportation Networks under Degeneracy
Linear Programming Model	Data-driven Optimization of Aircraft Sequencing and Descent Trajectories for Fuel Efficiency in the Terminal Manoeuvring Area
LLM-based Chatbot	Generative AI–Assisted Decision Support for Optimal Shelter Allocation during Floods
Load planning	Robust Outbound Load Planning with Volume Splitting for Parcel Carriers
location planning	Fulfillment Center Location Planning with Complex Assignment Constraints
location-routing problem	Neural Embedded Mixed-Integer Optimization for Location-Routing Problems
Locomotive planning	Locomotive Assignment under Schedule Uncertainty
logic-based Benders decomposition	A bilevel approach for multi-period relay network design with uncertain user preferences The Undirected Team Orienteering Arc Routing Problem: Formulations, Valid Inequalities, and Exact Algorithms Choice-based periodic vehicle routing and pricing Exact Algorithms for Shipment Consolidation Problems with Various Nonlinear Cost Structures A Bilevel Optimization Framework for Incentive-Guided Profitable Tour Problem toward Equitable Food Accessibility Optimal Scheduling and Charging of Mixed Bus Fleet via Accelerated Logic-Based Benders Decomposition
Logistics	Two-stage stochastic programming for VRP with vehicle breakdown SCGraph: A Dependency-Free Python Package for Road, Rail, and Maritime Shortest Path Routing Generation and Distance Estimation
Logistics applications	Optimal Information Relaxation Bounds for Multi-Stage Stochastic Optimization with Application to Logistics Problems
Logit model	Optimal Taxes and Subsidies for Sustainable City Logistics: A Multi-Agency Bilevel Game-Theoretic Framework
Long-haul freight transportation	Hydrogen Refueling Station Location under Demand Uncertainty: A Hybrid BD–SVD Decomposition Framework
long-haul shipment	Exact Algorithms for Shipment Consolidation Problems with Various Nonlinear Cost Structures
Long-Term Rental Reservations	Block Now or Relocate Later? Availability Control of Short-Term Rentals in Vehicle Sharing Systems Considering Long-Term Rental Reservations
longer and heavier vehicles	Environmental Impact of Long-Combination Vehicles in Full-Truckload Transport Planning
Low-rank approximation	Low-Rank Convex Optimization for Scalable Traffic Assignment
Low-rank dynamical modeling	Interpretable Traffic Time Series Imputation via Hankel Lifting and Robust Regularization
LTL Freight Transportation	Machine‑Learning‑Assisted Heuristics for Hub Selection in LTL Freight Networks
Lyapunov upper bound	A Markov Queueing Perspective on Cruising Delays for Downtown Curbside Parking
M
machine learning	{Learning-based Assignment of Drivers to Customers in Delivery Operations Can Dynamic Restaurant Rankings Improve Delivery Efficiency? A Real-Time Optimization Framework with Courier Routing Predictive and Prescriptive Analytics toward Optimizing Wildfire Suppression A Machine Learning Approach for Marginal Fulfillment Cost Estimation in Last Mile Delivery Machine Learning for Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing
machine learning augmented optimization	Electrifying Bike-share Systems at Scale
Machine-Learning-Assisted Heuristics	Machine‑Learning‑Assisted Heuristics for Hub Selection in LTL Freight Networks
Maglev train	Maglev Train Speed-Profile Optimization
Maintenance logistics	Bi-Objective Stochastic Inventory Placement with Scenario-Based Uncertainty for Aircraft Maintenance Facilities
Marginal fulfillment cost	A Machine Learning Approach for Marginal Fulfillment Cost Estimation in Last Mile Delivery
Maritime Logistics	Fleet Portfolio Optimization for Multi-Product Maritime Networks: A Stochastic Integer Programming Approach with Risk Management
Maritime transportation	A mixture ensemble learning method for ship selection in maritime transportation
Market equilibrium modeling	A Multi-Agent Framework for Sustainable Freight Distribution and Energy Supply
Markov Decision Process	Preemptive Depot Returns for Same-Day Delivery with Parking Pricing, bundling, and compensation decisions in dynamic crowdsourced delivery problems Perturbed utility Markovian traffic assignment Sequential Service Region Design Under Investment Limitation and Spillover Effect
Markov queues	A Markov Queueing Perspective on Cruising Delays for Downtown Curbside Parking
Markov-modulated Poisson process	A Markov Queueing Perspective on Cruising Delays for Downtown Curbside Parking
Markovian traffic equilibrium	A Markovian Traffic Equilibrium Model for Ride-Hailing
Mass evacuation	Multimodal Mass Evacuation: Formulations, Decomposition Algorithms and An Application to Metro Disruption
Matching	Robotaxis as Capacity Expansion: Certification-Based Pricing and Matching
Matching distance	Expected Optimal Distances of Random Bipartite Matching in D-dimensional Spaces
Mathematical Optimization	Routing Optimization for Field Artillery Units with Scheduling Considerations
Matheuristic	Multimodal Mass Evacuation: Formulations, Decomposition Algorithms and An Application to Metro Disruption Solving Large-Scale Heterogeneous Fleet VRPs under Different Objective Functions
Matheuristics	Data-driven Optimization of Aircraft Sequencing and Descent Trajectories for Fuel Efficiency in the Terminal Manoeuvring Area
MDP	Repair Crew Routing for Infrastructure Network Restoration under Incomplete Information Stochastic Control of EV Charging with Priority Classes and Power-Adaptive Mode Switching
Meal delivery	Urgency-Aware Order Assignments for Meal Delivery
Mesoscopic EV Modeling	Optimal Multi-Modal Transportation and Electric Power Flow: The Value of Coordinated Dynamic Operation
Meta Reinforcement Learning	Learning to Price: Meta-RL Column Generation for Resource Allocation over Nonlinear Dynamic Systems
Metaheuristic Approach	A Metaheuristic Approach for the Stochastic Vehicle Routing Problem with Flexible Deliveries
Metaheuristics	Supervised machine learning for accelerating solvers and metaheuristics in routing problems
Methuristic	An Optimization Framework for Ride-Pooling Services Incorporating a Simulation–Mode Choice Feedback Loop
Metro disruption	Multimodal Mass Evacuation: Formulations, Decomposition Algorithms and An Application to Metro Disruption
Metro Timetabling	Train timetabling with rolling stock assignment, short-turning and skip-stop strategy for a bidirectional metro line
micro-mobility	Competition for customer attention could be causing oversupply in US micromobility Equitable Micromobility Deployment Mandates Show No Benefits in the United States
microtransit	Routing optimization for high-capacity microtransit with vehicle-customer coordination
Middle Mile Delivery	Underground Tunnel Transportation for Middle Mile Delivery
middle-mile	Dynamic capacity and shipment control for middle-mile operations
Middle-Mile Delivery	Towards a Decentralized Approach for Collaborative Service Network Design
Middle-mile logistics	Dynamic Discretization Discovery for Time-Expanded Network Design with Time Windows
Military and humanitarian logistics	Joint Area Clearing and Path Planning for Military and Humanitarian Logistics Applications
minimum cost flow	Minimum Cost Flow Interdiction with Shifting Supply and Recruitment for Disrupting Human Trafficking Networks
minorize-maximization	On the Linear Programming Model for Dynamic Stochastic Matching and Its Application to Pricing
Mixed Autonomy	When Altruism Meets Autonomy: Managing Bottleneck Congestion with Strategic Autonomous Vehicles
mixed bus fleet scheduling	Optimal Scheduling and Charging of Mixed Bus Fleet via Accelerated Logic-Based Benders Decomposition
Mixed Integer Non-Linear Programming	The Fulfillment Regionalization Problem
Mixed Integer Optimization	From Auction to Delivery: Fast Resource Exchange and Collaborative Routing with SWAP-and-Route
Mixed integer program	Two-Stage Fixed-Charge Transportation Problem: A Cutting Plane Based Solution Approach
Mixed-integer linear programming	Transition to electric buses in feeder lines in Quito - Ecuador: An integer programming model
Mixed-integer linear programming (MILP)	Growth Planning in Emerging Agricultural Supply Chains: Demand Scaling and Warehouse Opening Thresholds
Mixed-integer non-convex optimization	Optimizing Shared Micromobility Service Network Design
mixed-integer optimization	Neural Embedded Mixed-Integer Optimization for Location-Routing Problems
mixed-integer program	Joint Area Clearing and Path Planning for Military and Humanitarian Logistics Applications
Mixed-Integer Programming	Fleet Assignment and Timetabling with Passenger Choice Model: Volumetric Adaptive Network Tailoring Approach via Guided Exploration Optimal Agricultural Drone Deployment and Routing with Weather-Aware Planning
mixed-type couriers dispatching	Mixed-Type Courier Dispatching and Pricing for Online Food Delivery Platforms
Mixed‐integer programming	Integrated Dynamic Optimization of Shared E-Scooter Systems: Real-Time Battery-Aware Repositioning and Rider Incentive System
Mobile charging station dispatch	Cooperative dispatch of mobile charging trucks during mass evacuation
Mobility	Unveiling the Full Potential of Mobility-aware Coordinated EV Charging for Grid Resilience
mobility-on-demand	Service Design for Centralized Mobility-on-Demand Systems
mode choice	Rural School Bus Routing and Scheduling
Modeled ride-sourcing data	Ride-Sourcing Demand Estimation Using Aggregated Public Data
modular vehicles	Integrated Community Shuttle Service Network Design and Operations
Modularized transit system	Vehicle scheduling in modularized transit networks for passenger-freight co-modal operations with end-to-end freight logistics
Monotonicity Analysis	Spin the Bottle Bill: Deposit-Refund System Policy and Reverse Supply Chain Design
Moral Hazard	Usage-based Insurance and Rational Inattention in the Era of Connected Vehicles
Multi-Agency	Optimal Taxes and Subsidies for Sustainable City Logistics: A Multi-Agency Bilevel Game-Theoretic Framework
Multi-agent Proximal Policy Optimization	Cooperative dispatch of mobile charging trucks during mass evacuation
Multi-commodity maximum flow	Dynamic Discretization for Multi-Modal Fleet Coordination in Expeditionary Logistics
Multi-corridor network pricing	Fast Barge, Smart Prices: Deep RL for Mississippi Container Service Feasibility
Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem	Machine Learning for Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing
Multi-leader multi-follower game	Law Enforcement in Curb Space Management: A Game-Theoretic and Optimization-Based Analysis of Operator, User, and Regulator Interactions
multi-level optimization	Inventory Prepositioning as a Resilience Strategy Under Disruptions
Multi-modal Data Integration	Generative AI–Assisted Decision Support for Optimal Shelter Allocation during Floods
Multi-objective	Dispatch or Hold? An Inverse Optimization and Reinforcement Learning Approach for Multi-Objective On-Demand Delivery Multi-Objective Column Generation for Solving the combined Airport Declared Capacity and Slot Allocation Problem
multi-objective optimization	Law Enforcement in Curb Space Management: A Game-Theoretic and Optimization-Based Analysis of Operator, User, and Regulator Interactions A Tri-Objective Optimization Framework for Sustainable Electrification of Urban Bus Fleets "Yeraz" Electric Transit Optimizer
multi-period planning	{Learning-based Assignment of Drivers to Customers in Delivery Operations
Multi-stage	A Multistage Stochastic Framework for Hub and Service Network Design
Multi-stage optimization	Can Dynamic Restaurant Rankings Improve Delivery Efficiency? A Real-Time Optimization Framework with Courier Routing
Multi-stage stochastic programming	Optimal Information Relaxation Bounds for Multi-Stage Stochastic Optimization with Application to Logistics Problems
Multi-stakeholder systems	Risk-averse planning for multi-stakeholder freight transportation systems: integrating strategic resource allocation and service network design
multi-state labeling algorithm	A branch-and-price approach for optimizing all-electric ships scheduling in waterborne transport
Multicommodity Flow	Commodity Aggregation-Based Relaxation Techniques for Large Scale Instances of the Scheduled Service Network Design Problem
multimodal transit systems	Data-Driven Optimization for the Network Design of Multimodal Transit Systems under Travel Time and Demand Ambiguity
Multimodal Transportation	Cooperation and Competition in Multimodal Transportation Incentive Programs: A Tri-level Game-Theoretic Optimization Approach
Multistage Stochastic Optimization	Multi-stage Stochastic Optimizing and Reinforcement Learning Approaches for Dynamic Inspection of Infrastructure Systems
must-link and cannot-link	Fulfillment Center Location Planning with Complex Assignment Constraints
N
Nash equilibria	Credit vs. Discount-Based Congestion Pricing: A Comparison Study
Natural Disaster Response	Generative AI–Assisted Decision Support for Optimal Shelter Allocation during Floods
network	GMNS: A Global Open Network Standard for Transportation Science and Logistics
network design	Data-Driven Optimization for the Network Design of Multimodal Transit Systems under Travel Time and Demand Ambiguity Improving supply chain network resilience: A framework for diagnosing vulnerabilities in e-commerce distribution networks A Neural Surrogate Based Optimization Framework for Discrete Network Problems Redesigning Bus Networks at Scale
Network Design Problem	Co-Investment with Payoff-Sharing Mechanism for Cooperative Decision-Making in Network Design Games
Network flow	Routing in Line Networks with Handling Times An Iterative Network Flow Algorithm for Online Pickup and Delivery
Network Generation	SCGraph: A Dependency-Free Python Package for Road, Rail, and Maritime Shortest Path Routing Generation and Distance Estimation
network interdiction	Inventory Prepositioning as a Resilience Strategy Under Disruptions Robust Distribution Network Design under the Risk of Adversarial Disruptions Minimum Cost Flow Interdiction with Shifting Supply and Recruitment for Disrupting Human Trafficking Networks
Network optimisation	Constructing and Mobilising an Emissions Efficiency Index for a Multi-Modal Shipping Network
network optimization	Transit Line Planning with Heterogeneous Vehicles Capacities On a Generalization of the Information Collection Problem
network revenue management	Bid Price Control in Passenger Transportation Networks under Degeneracy
Network Science	Improving supply chain network resilience: A framework for diagnosing vulnerabilities in e-commerce distribution networks Machine‑Learning‑Assisted Heuristics for Hub Selection in LTL Freight Networks
network value function	A Principle-Agent Model for Time-Expanded HDEV Charging Network Design for Long Haul Shipping
Network Vulnerability	Understanding the Long Tail Effect: A Multi-Scenario Spatiotemporal Analysis of Small-Scale OD Trips on Urban Rail Flow Distribution
networks	Ride-Hailing Networks with Strategic Drivers: The Effects of Driver Wage Policies and Network Characteristics on Performance
neural networks	Neural Embedded Mixed-Integer Optimization for Location-Routing Problems A Neural Surrogate Based Optimization Framework for Discrete Network Problems Offline Model-Based Routing Optimization with MIP-Representable Deep Set Surrogates
Neural Policies	Approximate Constraint Reasoning in Neural Policies for the TSP with Time Windows
Newsvendor	A Newsvendor Model for Last-Mile Fleet Sizing
Non-convex optimization	Routing in Line Networks with Handling Times
Non-linear objective functions	Solving Large-Scale Heterogeneous Fleet VRPs under Different Objective Functions
nonlinear cost structures	Exact Algorithms for Shipment Consolidation Problems with Various Nonlinear Cost Structures
Nonlinear Dynamic Systems	Learning to Price: Meta-RL Column Generation for Resource Allocation over Nonlinear Dynamic Systems
Nonprofits	From Auction to Delivery: Fast Resource Exchange and Collaborative Routing with SWAP-and-Route
Nonstationary road networks	Risk-Averse Stochastic User Equilibrium on Uncertain Transportation Networks
O
On-demand delivery	Dispatch or Hold? An Inverse Optimization and Reinforcement Learning Approach for Multi-Objective On-Demand Delivery Dynamic Fleet Management with Endogenous Demand Growth in On-Demand Delivery: A Reinforcement Learning Approach
On-demand food delivery	Time constraint–driven bundling and matching with network effect in on-demand delivery
On-demand mobility	Base Loop: Fleet Deployment for On-Demand CAV Services Verified via Queuing Models
Onboard carbon capture storage	Strategic Deployment of Onboard Carbon Capture to Green the Maritime Supply Chain
online food delivery	Mixed-Type Courier Dispatching and Pricing for Online Food Delivery Platforms
Online freight exchange	Optimizing Real-time Freight Bundling via Deep Learning--Accelerated Heuristics
Online grocery fulfillment	Data-Driven Picking Time Estimation for In-Store E-Grocery Fulfilment
online learning	Contextual Combinatorial Bandit for Vehicle Routing with Stochastic Profits
online routing	Online Balanced and Staggered Routing in Autonomous Mobility-on-Demand Systems
open data	GMNS: A Global Open Network Standard for Transportation Science and Logistics
operational and tactical decision-making	Balancing Operational and Tactical Objectives in Dynamic Bike-Sharing Maintenance
Operations management	Hybrid Robotic Bin-Picking Systems: Operational Strategies and Performance Evaluation
operations research for social good	Minimum Cost Flow Interdiction with Shifting Supply and Recruitment for Disrupting Human Trafficking Networks
optimal sampling	Optimal Schedules for Information Collection in Airspace Networks
Optimal Shelter Assignment	Generative AI–Assisted Decision Support for Optimal Shelter Allocation during Floods
Optimal taxes and subsidies	Optimal Taxes and Subsidies for Sustainable City Logistics: A Multi-Agency Bilevel Game-Theoretic Framework
Optimization	Simple vs. Optimal Congestion Pricing Optimization of Autonomous Trucking for Long-Haul Freight: Cutting Costs or Cutting Jobs? A Neural Surrogate Based Optimization Framework for Discrete Network Problems An Optimization Framework for Ride-Pooling Services Incorporating a Simulation–Mode Choice Feedback Loop Fleet Portfolio Optimization for Multi-Product Maritime Networks: A Stochastic Integer Programming Approach with Risk Management Flexible Resource Allocation using k-Adaptable Policies Block Now or Relocate Later? Availability Control of Short-Term Rentals in Vehicle Sharing Systems Considering Long-Term Rental Reservations Optimal Agricultural Drone Deployment and Routing with Weather-Aware Planning
order assignment	Urgency-Aware Order Assignments for Meal Delivery Offline Model-Based Routing Optimization with MIP-Representable Deep Set Surrogates
Order dispatching	Dispatch or Hold? An Inverse Optimization and Reinforcement Learning Approach for Multi-Objective On-Demand Delivery
Order fulfillment	Hybrid Robotic Bin-Picking Systems: Operational Strategies and Performance Evaluation
Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process	Optimal Schedules for Information Collection in Airspace Networks
Out-of-Home Delivery	Dynamic Demand Management for Probabilistic Out-of-Home Delivery Options
P
Panic charging	Managing Precautionary Demand at Public Fast Charging Stations
Parcel lockers	Dynamic Demand Management for Probabilistic Out-of-Home Delivery Options Dynamic Vehicle Routing in Last-Mile Delivery with Parcel Lockers under Stochastic Availability Dynamic Pickup-and-Delivery with In-store Crowdshippers and Lockers
parcel service network design	Robust Outbound Load Planning with Volume Splitting for Parcel Carriers
Parcel Sorting Operations	Flexible Resource Allocation using k-Adaptable Policies
Parking	Preemptive Depot Returns for Same-Day Delivery with Parking Parking-Aware Routing for Last-Mile Delivery
partial dominance rule	An Exact Price-and-Enumerate Algorithm for Vehicle Routing Problem with Speed Optimization
Passenger boarding policy	Optimizing metro timetabling and capacity decisions considering feeder buses
Passenger choice	Optimizing Shared Micromobility Service Network Design Fleet Assignment and Timetabling with Passenger Choice Model: Volumetric Adaptive Network Tailoring Approach via Guided Exploration
Passenger Flow Distribution	Understanding the Long Tail Effect: A Multi-Scenario Spatiotemporal Analysis of Small-Scale OD Trips on Urban Rail Flow Distribution
Passenger-centric airport operations	A Temporal–Spatial Airport Passenger Flow Modeling Framework
Passenger-freight co-modal transportation	Vehicle scheduling in modularized transit networks for passenger-freight co-modal operations with end-to-end freight logistics
passenger-freight integration	Cooperative bargaining for integrated passenger-freight transport systems with modular autonomous vehicles (MAVs)
path planning	Bi-Level Route Optimization and Path Planning with Hazard Exploration Joint Area Clearing and Path Planning for Military and Humanitarian Logistics Applications
path-based reformulation	A bilevel approach for multi-period relay network design with uncertain user preferences
Payoff-Sharing	Co-Investment with Payoff-Sharing Mechanism for Cooperative Decision-Making in Network Design Games
Peak Shaving	Peak Shaving Heuristic for Periodic Vehicle Routing
peer-to-peer resource allocation	Dynamic Matching with Preference Learning in Crowdsourced Delivery Platforms
Performance analysis	A Markov Queueing Perspective on Cruising Delays for Downtown Curbside Parking
Performance bounds	Optimal Information Relaxation Bounds for Multi-Stage Stochastic Optimization with Application to Logistics Problems
Periodic Routing	Peak Shaving Heuristic for Periodic Vehicle Routing
periodic scheduling	Optimal Schedules for Information Collection in Airspace Networks
periodic vehicle routing	Choice-based periodic vehicle routing and pricing
permutation invariance	Offline Model-Based Routing Optimization with MIP-Representable Deep Set Surrogates
Perturbed utility theory	Perturbed utility Markovian traffic assignment
Physical Internet	Designing Scalable Access Hub Networks for Physical Internet–Enabled Hyperconnected Urban Logistics
Picking-time estimation	Data-Driven Picking Time Estimation for In-Store E-Grocery Fulfilment
pickup and delivery	A branch-and-price approach for optimizing all-electric ships scheduling in waterborne transport
pickup and delivery problem	An Iterative Network Flow Algorithm for Online Pickup and Delivery
Pickup-and-delivery problems	Optimizing Real-time Freight Bundling via Deep Learning--Accelerated Heuristics
Platform economics	Robotaxis as Capacity Expansion: Certification-Based Pricing and Matching
Platform participation	Understanding Participation of Competing Firms in Supply Chain Information Sharing under Disruptions
platforms	Learning Competition Status with Small Samples in Ride-Hailing Platforms
policy	Competition for customer attention could be causing oversupply in US micromobility
policy evaluation	Equitable Micromobility Deployment Mandates Show No Benefits in the United States
Policy incentives	Optimal Charging Facility Placement and Vehicle Purchase Subsidies to Promote Electric Truck Adoption
polyhedral combinatorics	On the Polytope of the Traveling Salesman Problem with Drone
POMDP	Dynamic Truck Scheduling Using Estimated Times of Arrival Dynamic Information Design in Routing Games with Learning Agents
Port state control	A mixture ensemble learning method for ship selection in maritime transportation
Power tariff subsidy	Emerging Electric Vehicle charging market: Analyzing the impact of firm pricing, charging speed, consumer preferences, and power tariff subsidy
Power-constrained charging	Stochastic Control of EV Charging with Priority Classes and Power-Adaptive Mode Switching
Precautionary demand	Managing Precautionary Demand at Public Fast Charging Stations
Preemptive depot returns	Preemptive Depot Returns for Same-Day Delivery with Parking
preference learning	Dynamic Matching with Preference Learning in Crowdsourced Delivery Platforms
preferential bidding system	Linear lexicographic optimization and preferential bidding system
Preferred arrival time distribution	Inverse Optimal Transport for Bottleneck Models: Estimating Temporal Travel Demand Distributions
prescriptive analytics	Electrifying Bike-share Systems at Scale
Present bias	Airport Capacity Expansion Under Demand Uncertainty and Present-Biased Decisions
Price elasticity modeling	Fast Barge, Smart Prices: Deep RL for Mississippi Container Service Feasibility
price-and-enumerate algorithm	An Exact Price-and-Enumerate Algorithm for Vehicle Routing Problem with Speed Optimization
Pricing	Learning Competition Status with Small Samples in Ride-Hailing Platforms On the Linear Programming Model for Dynamic Stochastic Matching and Its Application to Pricing Emerging Electric Vehicle charging market: Analyzing the impact of firm pricing, charging speed, consumer preferences, and power tariff subsidy Robotaxis as Capacity Expansion: Certification-Based Pricing and Matching
Pricing algorithm	Exact Bucket-Based Column Generation for Nested Path Problems
primal degeneracy	Bid Price Control in Passenger Transportation Networks under Degeneracy
Principal-Agent Problem	Usage-based Insurance and Rational Inattention in the Era of Connected Vehicles
prize-collecting vehicle routing	Contextual Combinatorial Bandit for Vehicle Routing with Stochastic Profits
probabilistic method	Unsupervised Learning for the Elementary Shortest Path Problem
Probabilistic traffic dynamics	Stochastic Shockwave Dynamics in First-Order Traffic Flow Models
Procurement mechanism design	Auction-Based Procurement Mechanism Design for Freight-as-a-Service (FaaS) Systems
product returns	Outbound Shipping Decisions in Two-Echelon Reverse Logistics Networks
Profitable tour problem	A Bilevel Optimization Framework for Incentive-Guided Profitable Tour Problem toward Equitable Food Accessibility
Projected Langevin sampling	A Gibbs Posterior View of User Equilibrium: Temperature Scaling of Uncertainty
Proximal bundle methods	Optimal Information Relaxation Bounds for Multi-Stage Stochastic Optimization with Application to Logistics Problems
Public data	Ride-Sourcing Demand Estimation Using Aggregated Public Data
public sector operations	A Continuous Approximation Framework for Public School Transportation Policymaking
public transport	A Tri-Objective Optimization Framework for Sustainable Electrification of Urban Bus Fleets
Public transport electrification	Transition to electric buses in feeder lines in Quito - Ecuador: An integer programming model
Q
Qualitative data	Integrating qualitative data into demand estimation for transit service design
Queueing delay	Inverse Optimal Transport for Bottleneck Models: Estimating Temporal Travel Demand Distributions
Queueing model	Managing Precautionary Demand at Public Fast Charging Stations Multi-Objective Column Generation for Solving the combined Airport Declared Capacity and Slot Allocation Problem
queueing systems	Generalized Traffic Equilibrium with Ride-hailing and Customer Waiting
Queueing theory	A Queueing-Theoretic Approximation of Truck–Drone Collaborative Delivery
Queuing model	Base Loop: Fleet Deployment for On-Demand CAV Services Verified via Queuing Models
Queuing network	Hybrid Robotic Bin-Picking Systems: Operational Strategies and Performance Evaluation
R
Railway operations	Joint Optimization of Track Assignment and Crane Capacity Allocation for Railway Operations at Sea-Rail Intermodal Container Ports
Random matching	Expected Optimal Distances of Random Bipartite Matching in D-dimensional Spaces
Random walk estimation	Betweenness Central Nodes Under Uncertainty: An Absorbing Markov Chain Approach
Randomized Heuristics	Using Randomized Heuristics, Regression, and Machine Learning to Estimate the Close Enough TSP Optimal Tour Length
Rational Inattention	Usage-based Insurance and Rational Inattention in the Era of Connected Vehicles
Real Options Analysis	Sequential Service Region Design Under Investment Limitation and Spillover Effect
real road networks	Generalized Route Planning and Scheduling with Time-Dependent Travel Times on Road Networks
Real-time control	Cooperative dispatch of mobile charging trucks during mass evacuation
Real-time decision-making	Dynamic Vehicle Routing in Last-Mile Delivery with Parcel Lockers under Stochastic Availability
Real-Time Monitoring	Valuing Real-Time Digital Monitoring for On-Time Operational Performance
Refinement chain	A Novel L-Shaped Refinement Chain Cuts Method for Two-Stage Stochastic Programs with application to Stochastic Network Design
Reformulation	A Comparison of Dantzig-Wolfe and Arc-Flow Reformulations with Application to Vehicle Routing
Regression	Using Randomized Heuristics, Regression, and Machine Learning to Estimate the Close Enough TSP Optimal Tour Length
regression discontinuity	Equitable Micromobility Deployment Mandates Show No Benefits in the United States
Regret bounds	Penalized Information Relaxations for Bounding and Approximating Stochastic Dynamic Programs
Reinforcement Learning	Adding Precision to Speed - Stochastic Dynamic Delivery Routing with Soft Time Windows Dispatch or Hold? An Inverse Optimization and Reinforcement Learning Approach for Multi-Objective On-Demand Delivery Dynamic Fleet Management with Endogenous Demand Growth in On-Demand Delivery: A Reinforcement Learning Approach Dynamic Demand Management for Probabilistic Out-of-Home Delivery Options Routing Optimization for Field Artillery Units with Scheduling Considerations Approximate Constraint Reasoning in Neural Policies for the TSP with Time Windows Contextual Combinatorial Bandit for Vehicle Routing with Stochastic Profits Fast Barge, Smart Prices: Deep RL for Mississippi Container Service Feasibility
Relaxation Techniques	Commodity Aggregation-Based Relaxation Techniques for Large Scale Instances of the Scheduled Service Network Design Problem
Reliability	Reliable Facility Location Design under Correlated Disruptions and Imperfect Information
relief logistics	Time-Dependent Integrated Network Design for Supply and Demand in Disaster Response
repair crew routing	Repair Crew Routing for Infrastructure Network Restoration under Incomplete Information
repositioning	Ride-Hailing Networks with Strategic Drivers: The Effects of Driver Wage Policies and Network Characteristics on Performance
Residential Location Decision	Autonomous Vehicles in Urban Spatial Equilibrium: Congestion, Mode Choice, and Residential Location
Residual capacity	Managing Residual Capacity through Dynamic Pooling in Hyperconnected Parcel Distribution Networks
Resilience	Inventory Prepositioning as a Resilience Strategy Under Disruptions Two-stage stochastic programming for VRP with vehicle breakdown
Resource Allocation	Learning to Price: Meta-RL Column Generation for Resource Allocation over Nonlinear Dynamic Systems Generative AI–Assisted Decision Support for Optimal Shelter Allocation during Floods Flexible Resource Allocation using k-Adaptable Policies From Auction to Delivery: Fast Resource Exchange and Collaborative Routing with SWAP-and-Route
Resource constraints	Exact Bucket-Based Column Generation for Nested Path Problems
Retail Supply Chain	The Fulfillment Regionalization Problem
Retrial queues	A Markov Queueing Perspective on Cruising Delays for Downtown Curbside Parking
Revenue management	Fast Barge, Smart Prices: Deep RL for Mississippi Container Service Feasibility
reverse logistics	Outbound Shipping Decisions in Two-Echelon Reverse Logistics Networks
Ride pooling	An Optimization Framework for Ride-Pooling Services Incorporating a Simulation–Mode Choice Feedback Loop
ride-hailing	Ride-Hailing Networks with Strategic Drivers: The Effects of Driver Wage Policies and Network Characteristics on Performance Learning Competition Status with Small Samples in Ride-Hailing Platforms Robotaxis as Capacity Expansion: Certification-Based Pricing and Matching A Markovian Traffic Equilibrium Model for Ride-Hailing Generalized Traffic Equilibrium with Ride-hailing and Customer Waiting
ride-sharing	Rider Strategic Behavior in Ride-Sharing Platforms
Ride-sourcing	Joint Estimation of a Semi-Markov Decision Process Model of Vacant Taxi Matching and Routing in a Large Network
Ride-sourcing demand	Ride-Sourcing Demand Estimation Using Aggregated Public Data
rider strategic behavior	Rider Strategic Behavior in Ride-Sharing Platforms
risk	Joint Area Clearing and Path Planning for Military and Humanitarian Logistics Applications
Risk-averse travelers	Risk-Averse Stochastic User Equilibrium on Uncertain Transportation Networks
Road network distance learning	Learning Road Network Distances for Last-Mile Routing
road safety	Targeted alerts to improve road safety
road traffic congestion	Rural School Bus Routing and Scheduling
Robotaxi	Robotaxis as Capacity Expansion: Certification-Based Pricing and Matching
robust optimization	Generative AI–Assisted Decision Support for Optimal Shelter Allocation during Floods Robust Outbound Load Planning with Volume Splitting for Parcel Carriers
robust satisficing	Battery Degradation-aware Planning and Operations of Shared Electric Vehicle Fleets with Robust Satisficing
Rolling Stock Assignment	Train timetabling with rolling stock assignment, short-turning and skip-stop strategy for a bidirectional metro line
rounded capacity cuts	Graph Transformers on Augmented Graphs for Scalable Rounded Capacity Cut Separation
Route approximation	Time constraint–driven bundling and matching with network effect in on-demand delivery
route scheduling	Generalized Route Planning and Scheduling with Time-Dependent Travel Times on Road Networks
Routing	On a Generalization of the Information Collection Problem
Routing Guidance	Generative AI–Assisted Decision Support for Optimal Shelter Allocation during Floods
S
Same-day delivery	Preemptive Depot Returns for Same-Day Delivery with Parking
sample average approximation	The potential of cargo-hitching Choice-based periodic vehicle routing and pricing
Scalable mixed-integer programming	Designing Scalable Access Hub Networks for Physical Internet–Enabled Hyperconnected Urban Logistics
Scenario Sampling	Parcel Locker Placement under Customer Choice Uncertainty
Schedule uncertainty	Locomotive Assignment under Schedule Uncertainty
Scheduled Service Network Design	Commodity Aggregation-Based Relaxation Techniques for Large Scale Instances of the Scheduled Service Network Design Problem
scheduling and routing	A Vehicle Routing Formulation for Harvest Scheduling in Banana Production
Scheduling with abandonments	Decision-dependent Robust Charging Infrastructure Planning for Light-duty Truck Electrification at Industrial Sites
school bus routing	A Continuous Approximation Framework for Public School Transportation Policymaking
Scooter‐level optimization	Integrated Dynamic Optimization of Shared E-Scooter Systems: Real-Time Battery-Aware Repositioning and Rider Incentive System
Scope 3 emissions	Constructing and Mobilising an Emissions Efficiency Index for a Multi-Modal Shipping Network
Sea-rail intermodal container ports	Joint Optimization of Track Assignment and Crane Capacity Allocation for Railway Operations at Sea-Rail Intermodal Container Ports
Search Space Reduction	Supervised machine learning for accelerating solvers and metaheuristics in routing problems
Selection bias	Integrating qualitative data into demand estimation for transit service design
self-supervised learning	L2Ofor2SP: Learning-to-Optimize for Two-stage Stochastic Programs with Continuous Recourse
Semi-Markov decision process	Urgency-Aware Order Assignments for Meal Delivery Joint Estimation of a Semi-Markov Decision Process Model of Vacant Taxi Matching and Routing in a Large Network A Markovian Traffic Equilibrium Model for Ride-Hailing
Sensitivity analysis	Transition to electric buses in feeder lines in Quito - Ecuador: An integer programming model
sequential decision process	Balancing Operational and Tactical Objectives in Dynamic Bike-Sharing Maintenance
Sequential Service Region Design	Sequential Service Region Design Under Investment Limitation and Spillover Effect
service cancellation	Consistent Home Healthcare Routing with Patient Fluctuation
service design	Service Design for Centralized Mobility-on-Demand Systems
Service network design	A New Exact Algorithm for Continuous-Time Service Network Design with Splittable Delivery Demand-driven hub and service network design under uncertainty A Multistage Stochastic Framework for Hub and Service Network Design Towards a Decentralized Approach for Collaborative Service Network Design Dynamic Discretization for Multi-Modal Fleet Coordination in Expeditionary Logistics Dynamic Discretization Discovery for Time-Expanded Network Design with Time Windows Intra-City Express Delivery Service Network Design
Service points	Recipient preferences-based assignment of parcels to service points
Set covering optimization	Designing Scalable Access Hub Networks for Physical Internet–Enabled Hyperconnected Urban Logistics
Set-partitioning	L-DDOIs: Learning-based Deep Dual-Optimal Inequalities for Stabilizing Column Generation
Shadow prices (bid-price control)	Fast Barge, Smart Prices: Deep RL for Mississippi Container Service Feasibility
Shared micromobility systems	Optimizing Shared Micromobility Service Network Design
Shared mobility	Expected Optimal Distances of Random Bipartite Matching in D-dimensional Spaces
shared mobility (ride-sharing)	Generalized Route Planning and Scheduling with Time-Dependent Travel Times on Road Networks
shipment consolidation	Outbound Shipping Decisions in Two-Echelon Reverse Logistics Networks Exact Algorithms for Shipment Consolidation Problems with Various Nonlinear Cost Structures
Shore-to-ship delivery	The drone scheduling problem in shore-to-ship delivery: A time discretization-based model with an exact solving approach
short-haul shipment	Exact Algorithms for Shipment Consolidation Problems with Various Nonlinear Cost Structures
Short-Turning	Train timetabling with rolling stock assignment, short-turning and skip-stop strategy for a bidirectional metro line
Shortest Path	SCGraph: A Dependency-Free Python Package for Road, Rail, and Maritime Shortest Path Routing Generation and Distance Estimation
shortest paths	Linear lexicographic optimization and preferential bidding system
shuttle service network design	Integrated Community Shuttle Service Network Design and Operations
Simple vs. Optimal Mechanisms	Simple vs. Optimal Congestion Pricing
Simulated Annealing	Multi-Objective Column Generation for Solving the combined Airport Declared Capacity and Slot Allocation Problem
Simulation	An Optimization Framework for Ride-Pooling Services Incorporating a Simulation–Mode Choice Feedback Loop
simulation-based optimization	Dynamic network traffic signal optimization via data-driven link dynamics model
Singular value decomposition	Low-Rank Convex Optimization for Scalable Traffic Assignment
Skip-Stopping	Train timetabling with rolling stock assignment, short-turning and skip-stop strategy for a bidirectional metro line
slot allocation	Hybrid Learning-Based Slot Allocation in Airport Networks with Flying Time Flexibility
Smart parking	Parking-Aware Routing for Last-Mile Delivery
Social Equity in Transportation	"Yeraz" Electric Transit Optimizer
Software	SCGraph: A Dependency-Free Python Package for Road, Rail, and Maritime Shortest Path Routing Generation and Distance Estimation
spatial branch and bound	Routing in Line Networks with Handling Times
spatial branch-and-cut	Service Design for Centralized Mobility-on-Demand Systems
Spatial decomposition	Optimizing Shared Micromobility Service Network Design
spatial-temporal demand batching	Geofenced Demand-Responsive Transit: Autonomous Vehicle Fleet Sizing and District Design Under Spatial Demand Uncertainty
Spatiotemporal Evaluation	Understanding the Long Tail Effect: A Multi-Scenario Spatiotemporal Analysis of Small-Scale OD Trips on Urban Rail Flow Distribution
Speed profile optimization	Maglev Train Speed-Profile Optimization
Speed–time-location dependent	Maglev Train Speed-Profile Optimization
splittable delivery	A New Exact Algorithm for Continuous-Time Service Network Design with Splittable Delivery
Stackelberg Game	Benefit Redistribution Mechanisms for Multi-Operator Truck Platooning in Stackelberg-Generalized Nash Game Perspective Strategic Airport Slot Allocation under Capacity Constraints: A Stackelberg Game
staggered departures	Online Balanced and Staggered Routing in Autonomous Mobility-on-Demand Systems
stochastic acceptance behavior	Dynamic Matching with Preference Learning in Crowdsourced Delivery Platforms
Stochastic and Dynamic Pickup-and-Delivery	Dynamic Pickup-and-Delivery with In-store Crowdshippers and Lockers
Stochastic clearing	The Impact of Temporal Shipment Consolidation on Integrated Inventory-Transportation Decisions
Stochastic demand modeling	Airport Capacity Expansion Under Demand Uncertainty and Present-Biased Decisions
Stochastic dynamic optimization	The Impact of Temporal Shipment Consolidation on Integrated Inventory-Transportation Decisions
stochastic dynamic programs	Penalized Information Relaxations for Bounding and Approximating Stochastic Dynamic Programs
Stochastic Dynamic Vehicle Routing	Adding Precision to Speed - Stochastic Dynamic Delivery Routing with Soft Time Windows Dynamic Vehicle Routing in Last-Mile Delivery with Parcel Lockers under Stochastic Availability
Stochastic Location–Routing Problem	Parcel Locker Placement under Customer Choice Uncertainty
stochastic modeling	Time Window Assortment Design with Stochastic Demand: The Value of Overlapping Time Windows
stochastic network design	Locomotive Assignment under Schedule Uncertainty The potential of cargo-hitching
Stochastic network design model	A Novel L-Shaped Refinement Chain Cuts Method for Two-Stage Stochastic Programs with application to Stochastic Network Design
Stochastic networks	Betweenness Central Nodes Under Uncertainty: An Absorbing Markov Chain Approach
Stochastic optimization	A Predict-Then-Optimize Framework for Data-Driven Decision Making in Commercial-Humanitarian Airlift Operations Bi-Objective Stochastic Inventory Placement with Scenario-Based Uncertainty for Aircraft Maintenance Facilities Generative AI–Assisted Decision Support for Optimal Shelter Allocation during Floods Managing Residual Capacity through Dynamic Pooling in Hyperconnected Parcel Distribution Networks
Stochastic programming	Demand-driven hub and service network design under uncertainty A Multistage Stochastic Framework for Hub and Service Network Design Two-stage stochastic programming for VRP with vehicle breakdown Risk-Averse Stochastic User Equilibrium on Uncertain Transportation Networks L2Ofor2SP: Learning-to-Optimize for Two-stage Stochastic Programs with Continuous Recourse
Stochastic simulation	Fast Barge, Smart Prices: Deep RL for Mississippi Container Service Feasibility
Stochastic traffic assignment	Perturbed utility Markovian traffic assignment
Stochastic traffic flow	Stochastic Shockwave Dynamics in First-Order Traffic Flow Models
Stochastic user equilibrium	Risk-Averse Stochastic User Equilibrium on Uncertain Transportation Networks
Strategic - Tactical Integration	Fleet Portfolio Optimization for Multi-Product Maritime Networks: A Stochastic Integer Programming Approach with Risk Management
Strategic airline behavior	Strategic Airport Slot Allocation under Capacity Constraints: A Stackelberg Game
strategic drivers	Ride-Hailing Networks with Strategic Drivers: The Effects of Driver Wage Policies and Network Characteristics on Performance
Strategic Fleet Composition	Fleet Portfolio Optimization for Multi-Product Maritime Networks: A Stochastic Integer Programming Approach with Risk Management
strategic idling	Stochastic Control of EV Charging with Priority Classes and Power-Adaptive Mode Switching
Strategic Interactions	Co-Investment with Payoff-Sharing Mechanism for Cooperative Decision-Making in Network Design Games
strategic–tactical integration	Risk-averse planning for multi-stakeholder freight transportation systems: integrating strategic resource allocation and service network design
Stylized model	Time constraint–driven bundling and matching with network effect in on-demand delivery
Supervised Machine Learning	Supervised machine learning for accelerating solvers and metaheuristics in routing problems
Supply chain disruptions	Understanding Participation of Competing Firms in Supply Chain Information Sharing under Disruptions
supply chain resilience	Improving supply chain network resilience: A framework for diagnosing vulnerabilities in e-commerce distribution networks
Supply Chain Visibility	Valuing Real-Time Digital Monitoring for On-Time Operational Performance
supply-side pricing	Ride-Hailing Networks with Strategic Drivers: The Effects of Driver Wage Policies and Network Characteristics on Performance
surge dynamics	Rider Strategic Behavior in Ride-Sharing Platforms
surrogate modeling	Dynamic network traffic signal optimization via data-driven link dynamics model
surrogate models	A Neural Surrogate Based Optimization Framework for Discrete Network Problems
Sustainability	Electrifying Bike-share Systems at Scale Data-driven Optimization of Aircraft Sequencing and Descent Trajectories for Fuel Efficiency in the Terminal Manoeuvring Area
Sustainable city logistics	Optimal Taxes and Subsidies for Sustainable City Logistics: A Multi-Agency Bilevel Game-Theoretic Framework
Sustainable freight transport	Delay-Adaptive Expediting for Resilient and Sustainable Freight Transport Corridors
Sustainable logistics	Growth Planning in Emerging Agricultural Supply Chains: Demand Scaling and Warehouse Opening Thresholds
Sustainable supply chains	Constructing and Mobilising an Emissions Efficiency Index for a Multi-Modal Shipping Network
Systems Thinking	Climate-Adaptive Travel Behavior Across Urban and Interurban Systems: Insights from Israel’s Highway 2 and New York City Shared Mobility
T
task-based loss	L2Ofor2SP: Learning-to-Optimize for Two-stage Stochastic Programs with Continuous Recourse
Terminal Airspace	Data-driven Optimization of Aircraft Sequencing and Descent Trajectories for Fuel Efficiency in the Terminal Manoeuvring Area
Through cargo connection	Joint Fleet Scheduling and Cargo Flow Allocation for Air Cargo Services
Time discretization	The drone scheduling problem in shore-to-ship delivery: A time discretization-based model with an exact solving approach
time expanded networks	Time-Dependent Integrated Network Design for Supply and Demand in Disaster Response
Time Slot Management	Fast Approaches for Interactive Time Slotting
time window management	Time Window Assortment Design with Stochastic Demand: The Value of Overlapping Time Windows
Time windows	Dynamic Discretization Discovery for Time-Expanded Network Design with Time Windows
time-dependent quickest path	Generalized Route Planning and Scheduling with Time-Dependent Travel Times on Road Networks
time-dependent routing	Generalized Route Planning and Scheduling with Time-Dependent Travel Times on Road Networks
time-dependent SPPRC	Generalized Route Planning and Scheduling with Time-Dependent Travel Times on Road Networks
time-expanded	A Principle-Agent Model for Time-Expanded HDEV Charging Network Design for Long Haul Shipping
Time-expanded networks	Online Balanced and Staggered Routing in Autonomous Mobility-on-Demand Systems Dynamic Discretization Discovery for Time-Expanded Network Design with Time Windows
Time-inconsistent preferences	Airport Capacity Expansion Under Demand Uncertainty and Present-Biased Decisions
time-space network	Routing optimization for high-capacity microtransit with vehicle-customer coordination
Timetable development	Fleet Assignment and Timetabling with Passenger Choice Model: Volumetric Adaptive Network Tailoring Approach via Guided Exploration
Track assignment	Joint Optimization of Track Assignment and Crane Capacity Allocation for Railway Operations at Sea-Rail Intermodal Container Ports
Traffic assignment	Credit vs. Discount-Based Congestion Pricing: A Comparison Study Risk-Averse Stochastic User Equilibrium on Uncertain Transportation Networks Low-Rank Convex Optimization for Scalable Traffic Assignment A Gibbs Posterior View of User Equilibrium: Temperature Scaling of Uncertainty
traffic dynamics model	Dynamic network traffic signal optimization via data-driven link dynamics model
Traffic Intersection Control	A New Operational Primitive for Automated Intersections
Traffic Operations	A New Operational Primitive for Automated Intersections
Traffic time series imputation	Interpretable Traffic Time Series Imputation via Hankel Lifting and Robust Regularization
Train timetabling	Optimizing metro timetabling and capacity decisions considering feeder buses
trajectory analysis	SVBRD-LLM: Self-Verifying Behavioral Rule Discovery for Autonomous Vehicle Identification
Transformer architecture	Optimizing Real-time Freight Bundling via Deep Learning--Accelerated Heuristics
Transit planning	Integrating qualitative data into demand estimation for transit service design Redesigning Bus Networks at Scale
Transport delays	Delay-Adaptive Expediting for Resilient and Sustainable Freight Transport Corridors
transportation electrification	Electrifying Bike-share Systems at Scale
transportation equity	Equitable Micromobility Deployment Mandates Show No Benefits in the United States
Transportation Network Efficiency	Assessing and Explaining Urban Transportation Network Efficiency
transportation planning	GMNS: A Global Open Network Standard for Transportation Science and Logistics
Transportation Systems	Climate-Adaptive Travel Behavior Across Urban and Interurban Systems: Insights from Israel’s Highway 2 and New York City Shared Mobility
Transportation–Electricity Nexus	Optimal Multi-Modal Transportation and Electric Power Flow: The Value of Coordinated Dynamic Operation
Travel demand forecast	An Integer Program Approach for Generating Activity-Based Travel Demand from Trip-Based Model
travel demand model	GMNS: A Global Open Network Standard for Transportation Science and Logistics
traveling salesman problem	On the Polytope of the Traveling Salesman Problem with Drone
Traveling Salesman Problem with Time Windows	Approximate Constraint Reasoning in Neural Policies for the TSP with Time Windows
Tri-level Optimization	Cooperation and Competition in Multimodal Transportation Incentive Programs: A Tri-level Game-Theoretic Optimization Approach
Trip generation and distribution	Ride-Sourcing Demand Estimation Using Aggregated Public Data
Trip-based model	An Integer Program Approach for Generating Activity-Based Travel Demand from Trip-Based Model
truck dispatching	Dynamic capacity and shipment control for middle-mile operations
truck platooning	Benefit Redistribution Mechanisms for Multi-Operator Truck Platooning in Stackelberg-Generalized Nash Game Perspective
truck scheduling	Dynamic Truck Scheduling Using Estimated Times of Arrival
Truck–drone collaboration	A Queueing-Theoretic Approximation of Truck–Drone Collaborative Delivery
TSP	Assessing and Explaining Urban Transportation Network Efficiency
Tunnels	Underground Tunnel Transportation for Middle Mile Delivery
Two-stage fixed-charge transportation problem	Two-Stage Fixed-Charge Transportation Problem: A Cutting Plane Based Solution Approach
two-stage stochastic programming	Choice-based periodic vehicle routing and pricing A Novel L-Shaped Refinement Chain Cuts Method for Two-Stage Stochastic Programs with application to Stochastic Network Design Battery Degradation-aware Planning and Operations of Shared Electric Vehicle Fleets with Robust Satisficing
U
UAV for Disaster Response	Bi-Level Route Optimization and Path Planning with Hazard Exploration
UAV Routing	On a Generalization of the Information Collection Problem
Uncertain Travel Times	A Metaheuristic Approach for the Stochastic Vehicle Routing Problem with Flexible Deliveries
uncertain user preferences	A bilevel approach for multi-period relay network design with uncertain user preferences
uncertainty	Repair Crew Routing for Infrastructure Network Restoration under Incomplete Information
Unmanned Aerial Systems	Optimal Agricultural Drone Deployment and Routing with Weather-Aware Planning
Urban Congestion	Autonomous Vehicles in Urban Spatial Equilibrium: Congestion, Mode Choice, and Residential Location
urban contract-based periodic deliveries	Choice-based periodic vehicle routing and pricing
Urban freight logistics with time windows	Vehicle scheduling in modularized transit networks for passenger-freight co-modal operations with end-to-end freight logistics
Urban logistics	Pricing, bundling, and compensation decisions in dynamic crowdsourced delivery problems Cooperative bargaining for integrated passenger-freight transport systems with modular autonomous vehicles (MAVs)
Urban logistics network design	Designing Scalable Access Hub Networks for Physical Internet–Enabled Hyperconnected Urban Logistics
Urban Rail Transit	Understanding the Long Tail Effect: A Multi-Scenario Spatiotemporal Analysis of Small-Scale OD Trips on Urban Rail Flow Distribution
Urban transportation	Parking-Aware Routing for Last-Mile Delivery
Urgency-aware optimization	Urgency-Aware Order Assignments for Meal Delivery
Usage-Based Insurance	Usage-based Insurance and Rational Inattention in the Era of Connected Vehicles
User Equilibrium	A Gibbs Posterior View of User Equilibrium: Temperature Scaling of Uncertainty
V
Valid Inequalities	The Undirected Team Orienteering Arc Routing Problem: Formulations, Valid Inequalities, and Exact Algorithms On the Polytope of the Traveling Salesman Problem with Drone A Comparison of Dantzig-Wolfe and Arc-Flow Reformulations with Application to Vehicle Routing Commodity Aggregation-Based Relaxation Techniques for Large Scale Instances of the Scheduled Service Network Design Problem Two-Stage Fixed-Charge Transportation Problem: A Cutting Plane Based Solution Approach
Valid inequality	Optimizing metro timetabling and capacity decisions considering feeder buses
value function approximation	Consistent Home Healthcare Routing with Patient Fluctuation
Value of Information	Valuing Real-Time Digital Monitoring for On-Time Operational Performance
Variational inequality	Perturbed utility Markovian traffic assignment
Vehicle repositioning	Joint Estimation of a Semi-Markov Decision Process Model of Vacant Taxi Matching and Routing in a Large Network
Vehicle Route Planning	Optimal Agricultural Drone Deployment and Routing with Weather-Aware Planning
vehicle routing	Exact Bucket-Based Column Generation for Nested Path Problems Optimizing Advanced Air Mobility Operations in a Corridor Network Subpath-Based Column Generation for Electric Vehicle Routing Problem Variants Neural Embedded Mixed-Integer Optimization for Location-Routing Problems Routing optimization for high-capacity microtransit with vehicle-customer coordination A Comparison of Dantzig-Wolfe and Arc-Flow Reformulations with Application to Vehicle Routing Offline Model-Based Routing Optimization with MIP-Representable Deep Set Surrogates
Vehicle Routing Problem	Bi-Level Route Optimization and Path Planning with Hazard Exploration Routing Optimization for Field Artillery Units with Scheduling Considerations An Exact Price-and-Enumerate Algorithm for Vehicle Routing Problem with Speed Optimization A Metaheuristic Approach for the Stochastic Vehicle Routing Problem with Flexible Deliveries Fast Approaches for Interactive Time Slotting A Vehicle Routing Formulation for Harvest Scheduling in Banana Production A Heuristic Solution Approach for the Closed-Open Mixed VRP with Time Dependencies
Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP)	Two-stage stochastic programming for VRP with vehicle breakdown
Vehicle Routing Problems	Supervised machine learning for accelerating solvers and metaheuristics in routing problems
Vehicle scheduling	Vehicle scheduling in modularized transit networks for passenger-freight co-modal operations with end-to-end freight logistics
Vehicle Sharing Systems	Block Now or Relocate Later? Availability Control of Short-Term Rentals in Vehicle Sharing Systems Considering Long-Term Rental Reservations
vehicle-customer coordination	Routing optimization for high-capacity microtransit with vehicle-customer coordination
Vehicle-passenger matching	Joint Estimation of a Semi-Markov Decision Process Model of Vacant Taxi Matching and Routing in a Large Network
W
Warehouse operations	Hybrid Robotic Bin-Picking Systems: Operational Strategies and Performance Evaluation
waterborne transport	A branch-and-price approach for optimizing all-electric ships scheduling in waterborne transport
weak concavity	On the Linear Programming Model for Dynamic Stochastic Matching and Its Application to Pricing
Weather Impacts	Climate-Adaptive Travel Behavior Across Urban and Interurban Systems: Insights from Israel’s Highway 2 and New York City Shared Mobility
weather sensing	Optimal Schedules for Information Collection in Airspace Networks
Weaving Ramp	When Altruism Meets Autonomy: Managing Bottleneck Congestion with Strategic Autonomous Vehicles
wildfires	Predictive and Prescriptive Analytics toward Optimizing Wildfire Suppression
Worker learning	Analyzing Adaptive Platform Worker Interactions in the Gig Economy Using Agent-Based Modeling
Workforce heterogeneity	Analyzing Adaptive Platform Worker Interactions in the Gig Economy Using Agent-Based Modeling
Y
yard management	Dynamic Truck Scheduling Using Estimated Times of Arrival
ε
ε-constraint	A Tri-Objective Optimization Framework for Sustainable Electrification of Urban Bus Fleets

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