STI 2025: 2025 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGIES FOR INDUSTRY 5.0

This page contains an index consisting of author-provided keywords.

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1. Pulse width modulation (PWM)	Enhancing Three Phase Three Level NPC Inverter Performance Through a Novel PWM Strategy
1.Religious Hate Speech	A Unified Framework for Bengali Religious Hate Speech: Integrating a Novel Corpus with Multi-Model Analysis
2
2. neutral point clamping (NPC) converter	Enhancing Three Phase Three Level NPC Inverter Performance Through a Novel PWM Strategy
2.Bengali Text Classification	A Unified Framework for Bengali Religious Hate Speech: Integrating a Novel Corpus with Multi-Model Analysis
3
3. gate pulse	Enhancing Three Phase Three Level NPC Inverter Performance Through a Novel PWM Strategy
3.Bangla-BERT	A Unified Framework for Bengali Religious Hate Speech: Integrating a Novel Corpus with Multi-Model Analysis
4
4.Transformer Models	A Unified Framework for Bengali Religious Hate Speech: Integrating a Novel Corpus with Multi-Model Analysis
5
5-Class Sentiment	SentiFive: A Multi-Class Bengali Dataset for Sentiment Analysis
5.Low-Resource NLP	A Unified Framework for Bengali Religious Hate Speech: Integrating a Novel Corpus with Multi-Model Analysis
6
6.Content Moderation	A Unified Framework for Bengali Religious Hate Speech: Integrating a Novel Corpus with Multi-Model Analysis
7
7.Online Safety	A Unified Framework for Bengali Religious Hate Speech: Integrating a Novel Corpus with Multi-Model Analysis
A
Acoustic Classification	Acoustic Recognition of Marine Mammals Using Deep Learning Approaches
Action Recognition	Harnessing Ensemble Transfer Learning to Boost Human Activity Recognition in Static Images
Activated charcoal	Sustainable Treatment of Textile Waste Water Using Sawdust Waste–Derived Activated Charcoal
Adoption Intention	Determinants of Explainable AI Adoption in Customer Service Chatbots: Insights from the Telecom Sector of Bangladesh
Adsorption	Sustainable Treatment of Textile Waste Water Using Sawdust Waste–Derived Activated Charcoal
AECNN-A	AECNN-A: Augmented Enhanced Convolutional Neural Network with Attention Mechanism for Lightweight Plant Leaf Disease Classification
AES	StegoVision: Enhanced Video Steganography via Prewitt Edge Mapping and 3-XOR Secured LSB
Af-	Deep Learning for Bengali Emotion Recognition
agri inverter	Design of single phase Agri inverter using center-tapped transformer topology
Agriculture	Quantile-Based Crop Production Classification in Bangladesh Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques on Multisource Agro-Environmental Data
air quality	Comparative Study on the Impact of PM2.5 Dust Deposition on Solar Panel Performance: Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan
aleatoric uncertainty	Quantifying the Impact of Gaussian Noise on Aleatoric Uncertainty in Healthcare Data
Algorithm	An Explainable AI with Federated EfficientNet-B3 and Multi-Head Attention for Privacy-Preserving Lung Cancer Classification
ALIAS Generator	High-Fidelity Virtual Try-On Systems for Online Retail Using Computer Vision and Deep Learning
Alzheimer's Disease
Androind Malware Detection	Comparison of Multiple Classifiers for Android Malware Detection with Emphasis on Feature Insights Using CICMalDroid 2020 Dataset
Anomaly Detection	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection A Lightweight, Novel Framework for Anomaly Detection in IoMT Networks using Feature-Engineered Autoencoders with SHAP Analysis Reinforcement Learning based Self-Healing Logistics Databases for High-Availability Disaster Response Operations
Ant Colony Optimization	Intelligent Optimization of Predictive and State Feedback Controllers Using Ant Colony Algorithm for Microgrid Application
anti-perovskite	Sr₃MI₃ Perovskites: Tunable Bandgaps for High-Efficiency Next-Generation Solar Cells
Artificial Intelligence	A Lightweight, Novel Framework for Anomaly Detection in IoMT Networks using Feature-Engineered Autoencoders with SHAP Analysis AI-Based Optimal Tuning of PID-Integrated LFC for Improved Frequency Regulation in Smart Grids Determinants of AI-Powered Marketing Tool Adoption in E-Commerce: An Empirical Analysis within Intelligent Computing Systems
Artificial Intelligence	Evaluating Artificial Intelligence Integration for Improving Supply Chain Efficiency in the Context of Bangladesh’s E-Commerce Sector
artificial intelligence (XAI)	An Efficient and Explainable Ensemble Framework for Rice Leaf Disease Classification Using Lightweight Deep Learning Models
Artificial Neural Network	ANN-Based Maximum Power Point Tracking for PV Systems: Design and Simulation Using MATLAB/Simulink
atmospheric water generator (AWG)	A Sustainable IoT-Based Atmospheric Water Generator for Portable Clean Water Harvesting
Attention Mechanism	An Attention-Enhanced CNN for Rice Leaf Disease Classification with Grad-CAM Insights
attention mechanism Non-IID Data Data Privacy FedProx	An Explainable AI with Federated EfficientNet-B3 and Multi-Head Attention for Privacy-Preserving Lung Cancer Classification
Attention-based model	Eff-DANet: An Efficient Attention-enhanced Deep-learning based Model for an Automated Driver Monitoring System
Audio Forensics	Deepfake Voice Detection Across Male and Female Bangla Speech Using Convolutional Neural Networks and Acoustic Features
audio signal processing	Speech Emotion Recognition from Bone-Conducted Speech Using Wav2Vec2 Transformer Model
Autoencoder	A Lightweight, Novel Framework for Anomaly Detection in IoMT Networks using Feature-Engineered Autoencoders with SHAP Analysis
autoencoders (AE)	A Hybrid Deep Learning Model for Detecting False Data Injection Attacks in Smart Grid Networks
Autoformer	Optimized Autoformer for Long-Term Forecasting of Solar Irradiance and Wind Speed
Automated Detection System
Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR)	Multimodal Speech Emotion Recognition in Patient-Clinician Interactions: Sentiment Analysis Leveraging Transformer Model for Enhanced Diagnostic Insight
autonomous drones	Real-Time Crop Disease Detection on Autonomous Drones Using NCNN-Optimized YOLO Models
autonomous navigation
Autonomous Systems	Reinforcement Learning based Self-Healing Logistics Databases for High-Availability Disaster Response Operations
Axial Ratio
B
Banana Fiber	Eco-Friendly Food Packaging from Agricultural By-Products: Design, Fabrication, and Performance
Bangla Language	HybridStack-BD: A Multilevel Stacking Ensemble Method with Hybrid Features for Bangla Drama Sentiment Analysis
Bangla Natural Language Processing(BNLP)	SentiFive: A Multi-Class Bengali Dataset for Sentiment Analysis
Bangla Speech Processing	Deepfake Voice Detection Across Male and Female Bangla Speech Using Convolutional Neural Networks and Acoustic Features
Baseline Evaluation	SentiFive: A Multi-Class Bengali Dataset for Sentiment Analysis
Basic dye	Sustainable Treatment of Textile Waste Water Using Sawdust Waste–Derived Activated Charcoal
Battery charger	Isolated Totem-Pole PFC Integrated Buck Converter for Low-Voltage Energy Storage Applications
Battery Degradation	Combatting Mobile Battery Degradation: A Comparative Investigation of Thermal, Charging and Aging Effects
bayesian neural networks	Quantifying the Impact of Gaussian Noise on Aleatoric Uncertainty in Healthcare Data
Bayesian Optimization	Comprehensive Analysis of Speech Emotion Recognition Using Deep Learning Techniques for Multilingual and Noisy Environments
Behavior analysis	Analyzing Emotion Patterns in Gaming Using CNNs on Facial and Vocal Features
Bengali Language Processing	Deep Learning for Bengali Emotion Recognition
BER	Performance Analysis Over Dual-Hop Underwater UWOC Channel
BERT	Multiclass Mental Disorder Detection from Social Media Using BERT and Hybrid Data Balancing
BESS
Bi-directional	Stability-Oriented Bi-Directional EV Charger with PLL-Based Synchronization and PI Control
Bi-directional smart car parking stations	Stability-Oriented Bi-Directional EV Charger with PLL-Based Synchronization and PI Control
BiGRU	Early Prediction of Depression and Suicidal Risk in Bangla Social Media Using Deep Learning
BiLSTM	Hybrid Deep Ensemble Framework for Intelligent Intrusion Detection and Classification in Data Center Environments SentiFive: A Multi-Class Bengali Dataset for Sentiment Analysis
bio-metric access control	SafeEntry: An ESP32-CAM-Based Intelligent Door Lock with Multi-Factor Security and Cloud Image Logging
bioacoustics	Understanding the Language of the Bird : A Case Study
Biodegradable Packaging	Eco-Friendly Food Packaging from Agricultural By-Products: Design, Fabrication, and Performance
Biosensor	Circular PCF-SPR Sensor Design with External Sensing and Extended RI Range
Bladder Tissue	Automated Bladder Tissue Classification Using ViTXception with Explainable AI.
Blended Compositing	SAM-Augmented Blending for Enhanced Microplastic Detection Using YOLO11
Blockchain	DeCrowd: A Blockchain-Enabled Decentralized Crowdfunding System on Ethereum for Enhanced Transparency and Security
Blockchain Security	Quantum-Resistant Blockchain: Enhancing Blockchain Security with ROUND5
Blood smear analysis
Blynk	A Sustainable IoT-Based Atmospheric Water Generator for Portable Clean Water Harvesting
Broadband THz absorption	Design of a High-Performance Ultra-Wideband THz Metamaterial for Absorption Application
Byzantine Robust Aggregation	A Privacy-Preserving Personalized Federated Learning Framework with Byzantine Robustness for Healthcare Data
C
campus microgrid
Capsule Network	EDNeuFTM: Enhanced Deep NeuroFusion Topic Modeling with NeuroCapsule A Capsule-Based Model for Keyphrase Extraction from Short Texts Using Variational Inference and Transformer Embeddings
Carbon Abatement
carbon footprint	The Rising Energy Footprint of Data Centers: A Review of Global Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities
Carbon mitigation
Ceramics	VisuCeram: A Comprehensive Dataset for Sanitary Ware Ceramic Defect Detection with YOLO Models and Benchmarking
Cervical Cancer
CH3NH3SnI3	Efficiency Optimization of CH3NH3SnI3-Based Perovskite Solar Cells and Investigating Electron Transport Layers Using SCAPS-1D Simulation
CICIoMT2024	A Lightweight, Novel Framework for Anomaly Detection in IoMT Networks using Feature-Engineered Autoencoders with SHAP Analysis
CICMalDroid2020	Comparison of Multiple Classifiers for Android Malware Detection with Emphasis on Feature Insights Using CICMalDroid 2020 Dataset
Circular Polarization
CLAHE	Automated Bladder Tissue Classification Using ViTXception with Explainable AI.
Class Imbalance	An Efficient Deep Learning Framework for Diabetic Retinopathy Classification using Generative Data Augmentation and Knowledge Distillation
Class Weight	Comprehensive Analysis of Speech Emotion Recognition Using Deep Learning Techniques for Multilingual and Noisy Environments
classification	AECNN-A: Augmented Enhanced Convolutional Neural Network with Attention Mechanism for Lightweight Plant Leaf Disease Classification
clean panel	Experimental Investigation of Policrystaline Solar Panel Performance Parameters at Clean and Dust Conditions
clean water	A Sustainable IoT-Based Atmospheric Water Generator for Portable Clean Water Harvesting
Clinical Conversation Analysis	Multimodal Speech Emotion Recognition in Patient-Clinician Interactions: Sentiment Analysis Leveraging Transformer Model for Enhanced Diagnostic Insight
CLIP	Semantic-Guided Localization of Tampered Text in Document Image Using CLIP and Convolutional Architectures.
Cloud Platform	IoT-based Smart Traffic Management System Using Tripwire Laser
cloud-based monitoring	SafeEntry: An ESP32-CAM-Based Intelligent Door Lock with Multi-Factor Security and Cloud Image Logging
Cluster-Based Personalization	A Privacy-Preserving Personalized Federated Learning Framework with Byzantine Robustness for Healthcare Data
CNN	Deep Learning-Powered Intelligent Surveillance for Multi-Class Detection of Weapons and Fire Hazards Early Prediction of Depression and Suicidal Risk in Bangla Social Media Using Deep Learning Hybrid Deep Ensemble Framework for Intelligent Intrusion Detection and Classification in Data Center Environments An Attention-Enhanced CNN for Rice Leaf Disease Classification with Grad-CAM Insights Harnessing Ensemble Transfer Learning to Boost Human Activity Recognition in Static Images Preprocessing-enhanced EfficientNetB7-based Computer-aided Diagnosis (CAD) Framework for Skin Lesion Classification Comparative Analysis of Siamese Networks and ResNet Embeddings for One Shot Learning An End-to-End Framework for Hair Artifact Removal and Skin Lesion Segmentation Using Xception-Based U-Net Beyond the Leaf: Intelligent Lightweight Disease Detection in Tea Plants with Spatial Convolutional Neural Networks and Explainable AI
CNN-	Deep Learning for Bengali Emotion Recognition
Coastal Region	Harvesting Energy Using Coastal Padma: A Techno-Economic Analysis of Solar-Wind Hybrid Power Generation on Bangladesh's Largest Infrastructure Bridge
Code-Mixed Speech	Deep Learning for Bengali Emotion Recognition
Common Genes
Computational	AECNN-A: Augmented Enhanced Convolutional Neural Network with Attention Mechanism for Lightweight Plant Leaf Disease Classification
Computational Efficiency
Computer aided diagnosis (CAD)	Preprocessing-enhanced EfficientNetB7-based Computer-aided Diagnosis (CAD) Framework for Skin Lesion Classification
Computer Vision	Real-Time Crop Disease Detection on Autonomous Drones Using NCNN-Optimized YOLO Models
constant-current/constant-voltage	Isolated Totem-Pole PFC Integrated Buck Converter for Low-Voltage Energy Storage Applications
Contactless Charging	Embedded Deep Learning–Enabled Autonomous Aerial Surveillance with Contactless Charging for Threat-Level Estimation in Defense Scenarios
Contextual word replacement
Converter	Stability-Oriented Bi-Directional EV Charger with PLL-Based Synchronization and PI Control
ConvNext	Leveraging Hybrid Deep and Machine Learning Models for Plant Disease Classification
Convolutional Neural Network	Acoustic Recognition of Marine Mammals Using Deep Learning Approaches
Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection
Convolutional Neural Networks	Deepfake Voice Detection Across Male and Female Bangla Speech Using Convolutional Neural Networks and Acoustic Features
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN)
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)	CornNetLite: An Ultralight CNN for Corn Leaf Disease Classification in Low-Resource Agricultural Environments
Copy-Paste Augmentation	SAM-Augmented Blending for Enhanced Microplastic Detection Using YOLO11
Corn Leaf Disease Classification	CornNetLite: An Ultralight CNN for Corn Leaf Disease Classification in Low-Resource Agricultural Environments
CornNetLite	CornNetLite: An Ultralight CNN for Corn Leaf Disease Classification in Low-Resource Agricultural Environments
CoxPH model	Pathway-Centric Identification of Candidate Genes in Lung Adenocarcinoma Using TCGA Dataset
co₂ emission	Enabling Distributed Solar Energy in Resource- Constrained Settings: A Third-Party Financing Model from the CODEC–UNHCR Project in Bangladesh
Crop
Crop disease detection	Real-Time Crop Disease Detection on Autonomous Drones Using NCNN-Optimized YOLO Models
Cross-Border Electricity Trade
Cross-switching	A Novel 23-Level Inverter Topology with Symmetric-Asymmetric Hybrid Modules and Cross-Switching
crow communication	Understanding the Language of the Bird : A Case Study
Crowdfunding	DeCrowd: A Blockchain-Enabled Decentralized Crowdfunding System on Ethereum for Enhanced Transparency and Security
CT imaging	Explainable Deep Learning Approach for Binary Kidney Stone Detection in CT Imaging Using MobileNetV2
custom	Analyzing the Effectiveness of Transfer Learning and Custom CNN Approaches in Corn Disease Classification
Customer Service Chatbots	Determinants of Explainable AI Adoption in Customer Service Chatbots: Insights from the Telecom Sector of Bangladesh
CutMix	Apple Leaf Disease Recognition via MobileNet and Data Augmentation: MixUp and CutMix
cyber--physical systems (CPS)	A Hybrid Deep Learning Model for Detecting False Data Injection Attacks in Smart Grid Networks
Cycle Aging	Combatting Mobile Battery Degradation: A Comparative Investigation of Thermal, Charging and Aging Effects
D
DAO governance	DeCrowd: A Blockchain-Enabled Decentralized Crowdfunding System on Ethereum for Enhanced Transparency and Security
Data Augmentation	Comprehensive Analysis of Speech Emotion Recognition Using Deep Learning Techniques for Multilingual and Noisy Environments Enhanced Twitter-Based Depression Severity Classification Using Multi-Head Attention with RoBERTa and DistilBERT Fusion
Data centers	The Rising Energy Footprint of Data Centers: A Review of Global Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities
Data hiding	StegoVision: Enhanced Video Steganography via Prewitt Edge Mapping and 3-XOR Secured LSB
Data security
DC Hybrid Microgrid	Performance Assessment of a Renewable Energy-Based DC Hybrid Microgrid for Reliable and Sustainable Power Supply
DC Optimal Power Flow
dc-ac inverter	Design of single phase Agri inverter using center-tapped transformer topology
DDoS	DDoS Attack Detection for Network and Transport Layer using SIEM for Deeper Analysis
deep belief networks (DBN)	A Hybrid Deep Learning Model for Detecting False Data Injection Attacks in Smart Grid Networks
Deep Learning	Deep Learning-Powered Intelligent Surveillance for Multi-Class Detection of Weapons and Fire Hazards Deep Learning for Bengali Emotion Recognition Early Prediction of Depression and Suicidal Risk in Bangla Social Media Using Deep Learning Hybrid Deep Ensemble Framework for Intelligent Intrusion Detection and Classification in Data Center Environments High-Fidelity Virtual Try-On Systems for Online Retail Using Computer Vision and Deep Learning Leveraging Hybrid Deep and Machine Learning Models for Plant Disease Classification An Efficient Deep Learning Framework for Diabetic Retinopathy Classification using Generative Data Augmentation and Knowledge Distillation Explainable Deep Learning Approach for Binary Kidney Stone Detection in CT Imaging Using MobileNetV2 DeepSea-Net: A YOLO Based Framework for Real-Time Detection and Classification of Underwater Plastic Pollution Multi-Step Solar Irradiance Forecasting Using Deep Learning Models An Efficient and Explainable Ensemble Framework for Rice Leaf Disease Classification Using Lightweight Deep Learning Models Comprehensive Analysis of Speech Emotion Recognition Using Deep Learning Techniques for Multilingual and Noisy Environments Attention-Driven Deep Learning for Retinal Disease Diagnosis (RetinaXNet): A DenseNet-MHSA Hybrid Framework with Explainable AI Quantile-Based Crop Production Classification in Bangladesh Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques on Multisource Agro-Environmental Data Analyzing the Effectiveness of Transfer Learning and Custom CNN Approaches in Corn Disease Classification Speech Emotion Recognition from Bone-Conducted Speech Using Wav2Vec2 Transformer Model VisuCeram: A Comprehensive Dataset for Sanitary Ware Ceramic Defect Detection with YOLO Models and Benchmarking
Deep Learning model	Explainable Artificial Intelligence For Violence Detection In Surveillance System
Deep Transfer Learning (DTL)	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection
Deepfake Detection
Deepfake Image
Deepfake Voice Detection	Deepfake Voice Detection Across Male and Female Bangla Speech Using Convolutional Neural Networks and Acoustic Features
DeepSea-Net	DeepSea-Net: A YOLO Based Framework for Real-Time Detection and Classification of Underwater Plastic Pollution
Defect Detection	VisuCeram: A Comprehensive Dataset for Sanitary Ware Ceramic Defect Detection with YOLO Models and Benchmarking
Delay	Design Exploration of 10T SRAM Architectures for Stability in Error-Sensitive Applications at 22 nm CMOS Technology
Dementia
Denim wash	Influence of Liquor Ratio on the Physical and Surface Properties of Peroxide-Bleached Denim Apparel
DenseNet121
DenseNet201	Analyzing the Effectiveness of Transfer Learning and Custom CNN Approaches in Corn Disease Classification
Dependable Cybersecurity	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection
Depthwise Separable Convolution
DFT	Sr₃MI₃ Perovskites: Tunable Bandgaps for High-Efficiency Next-Generation Solar Cells
DHT22 sensor	IoT-Enabled Smart Warehouse Monitoring and Safety System for Real Time Hazard Detection and Automated Mitigation
Diabetic Retinopathy	An Efficient Deep Learning Framework for Diabetic Retinopathy Classification using Generative Data Augmentation and Knowledge Distillation Attention-Driven Deep Learning for Retinal Disease Diagnosis (RetinaXNet): A DenseNet-MHSA Hybrid Framework with Explainable AI
Diagnosis
Diesel generator
Differential Evolution	AI-Based Optimal Tuning of PID-Integrated LFC for Improved Frequency Regulation in Smart Grids
Diffuse Horizontal Irradiance	Optimized Autoformer for Long-Term Forecasting of Solar Irradiance and Wind Speed
Digital transformation	Exploring Drivers of Sustainable E-Commerce Adoption among SMEs in Bangladesh: A TOE Framework Approach for Industry 5.0 Transformation
Dimensional stability	Influence of Liquor Ratio on the Physical and Surface Properties of Peroxide-Bleached Denim Apparel
Dimensionality Reduction	Comparison of Multiple Classifiers for Android Malware Detection with Emphasis on Feature Insights Using CICMalDroid 2020 Dataset
Direct Normal Irradiance	Optimized Autoformer for Long-Term Forecasting of Solar Irradiance and Wind Speed
Directed Graph Patterns
Disaster	DisasterMDDB: A Social Media-based Multimodal Dataset for Disaster Classification in Bangla
Disaster Response	Reinforcement Learning based Self-Healing Logistics Databases for High-Availability Disaster Response Operations
Disease
DistilBERT	Enhanced Twitter-Based Depression Severity Classification Using Multi-Head Attention with RoBERTa and DistilBERT Fusion
distributed energy	Enabling Distributed Solar Energy in Resource- Constrained Settings: A Third-Party Financing Model from the CODEC–UNHCR Project in Bangladesh
Distributed Generation (DG)	Metaheuristic Optimization of Distributed Generation Placement for Voltage Stability and Loss Minimization in Distribution Networks
DL
DL Algorithms	Analyzing Emotion Patterns in Gaming Using CNNs on Facial and Vocal Features
DNN	Hybrid Deep Ensemble Framework for Intelligent Intrusion Detection and Classification in Data Center Environments
Drift Detection	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection
Driver Monitor System	Eff-DANet: An Efficient Attention-enhanced Deep-learning based Model for an Automated Driver Monitoring System
Dual Attention Network	Eff-DANet: An Efficient Attention-enhanced Deep-learning based Model for an Automated Driver Monitoring System
Dual-hop	Performance Analysis Over Dual-Hop Underwater UWOC Channel
dust	Comparative Study on the Impact of PM2.5 Dust Deposition on Solar Panel Performance: Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan
dust panel	Experimental Investigation of Policrystaline Solar Panel Performance Parameters at Clean and Dust Conditions
dust samples	Performance Degradation of Photovoltaic Modules under Multi-Dust Deposition: A Laboratory-Based Study in Bangladesh
Dynamic Charging	Solar-Powered Static and Dynamic Wireless Charging for Electric Vehicles: Towards Sustainable Mobility
dynamic loading	A Novel 23-Level Inverter Topology with Symmetric-Asymmetric Hybrid Modules and Cross-Switching
E
E-Commerce Operations	Evaluating Artificial Intelligence Integration for Improving Supply Chain Efficiency in the Context of Bangladesh’s E-Commerce Sector
Eco-friendly	Influence of Liquor Ratio on the Physical and Surface Properties of Peroxide-Bleached Denim Apparel
Economic feasibility	Techno-Economic Feasibility of Landfill Gas to Electricity Generation Using LandGEM in Dhaka City
Edge Computing	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection
Edge-AI	IoT-Enabled Diagnostic Device for Real-Time Skin Lesion Monitoring and Detection
Educational NLP	Design and Optimization of an Offline AI Model for Enhancing Student Learning and Academic Assistance
EfficientNetB0	An Attention-Enhanced CNN for Rice Leaf Disease Classification with Grad-CAM Insights
EfficientNetB4	Analyzing the Effectiveness of Transfer Learning and Custom CNN Approaches in Corn Disease Classification
EfficientNetB7	Preprocessing-enhanced EfficientNetB7-based Computer-aided Diagnosis (CAD) Framework for Skin Lesion Classification
Electric Vehicle (EV)	Solar-Powered Static and Dynamic Wireless Charging for Electric Vehicles: Towards Sustainable Mobility Stability-Oriented Bi-Directional EV Charger with PLL-Based Synchronization and PI Control
Electricity generation	Techno-Economic Feasibility of Landfill Gas to Electricity Generation Using LandGEM in Dhaka City
Electron transport layer	Eco-Friendly High-Efficiency Tandem Perovskite Solar Cells Incorporating Diverse Hole Transport Elements: A Numerical Study
Electron Transport Layer (ETL)	Breaking Shockley Quisser Equation limit using Lead Free 3D, Metal halide, Heterojunction Bilayer Absorber Perovskite Solar Cells Through HTL Variation
electronic health records	Quantifying the Impact of Gaussian Noise on Aleatoric Uncertainty in Healthcare Data
ElGamal cryptosystem	A Privacy-aware Medicine Recommendation System with Hybrid Cryptosystem and Skyline Queries
energy access	Enabling Distributed Solar Energy in Resource- Constrained Settings: A Third-Party Financing Model from the CODEC–UNHCR Project in Bangladesh
energy consumption	The Rising Energy Footprint of Data Centers: A Review of Global Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities Priority Aware Fair Resource Allocation for Task Offloading in MEC Federations
Energy Efficiency	Simulation-Driven Techno-Economic, Environmental, and Grid Stability Assessment of Rooftop Solar PV: A Case Study on Dhaka Metro Rail Depot
Energy Management	Performance Assessment of a Renewable Energy-Based DC Hybrid Microgrid for Reliable and Sustainable Power Supply
Energy Policy
Ensemble Framework	Hybrid Deep Ensemble Framework for Intelligent Intrusion Detection and Classification in Data Center Environments
Ensemble Learning	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection Harnessing Ensemble Transfer Learning to Boost Human Activity Recognition in Static Images Explainable Machine Learning Framework for Wind Speed Prediction: A Comprehensive Analysis Using Long-Term Meteorological Data An Efficient and Explainable Ensemble Framework for Rice Leaf Disease Classification Using Lightweight Deep Learning Models
Ensemble Model	Quantile-Based Crop Production Classification in Bangladesh Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques on Multisource Agro-Environmental Data
Environmental Analysis	Simulation-Driven Techno-Economic, Environmental, and Grid Stability Assessment of Rooftop Solar PV: A Case Study on Dhaka Metro Rail Depot
Environmental Monitoring	DeepSea-Net: A YOLO Based Framework for Real-Time Detection and Classification of Underwater Plastic Pollution
Environmental Protection	Harvesting Energy Using Coastal Padma: A Techno-Economic Analysis of Solar-Wind Hybrid Power Generation on Bangladesh's Largest Infrastructure Bridge
EnvironmentalMonitoring	SAM-Augmented Blending for Enhanced Microplastic Detection Using YOLO11
ePBL Model
EQM	Design Exploration of 10T SRAM Architectures for Stability in Error-Sensitive Applications at 22 nm CMOS Technology
ESP32 microcontroller	IoT-Enabled Smart Warehouse Monitoring and Safety System for Real Time Hazard Detection and Automated Mitigation
ESP32-CAM	SafeEntry: An ESP32-CAM-Based Intelligent Door Lock with Multi-Factor Security and Cloud Image Logging
Ethereum	DeCrowd: A Blockchain-Enabled Decentralized Crowdfunding System on Ethereum for Enhanced Transparency and Security
ETL	Efficiency Optimization of CH3NH3SnI3-Based Perovskite Solar Cells and Investigating Electron Transport Layers Using SCAPS-1D Simulation
EV charging	Optimization of Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Design for Urban Mobility
Evidence Fusion	Quality-Based Evidence Summarization for Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)
Explainable	An Efficient and Explainable Ensemble Framework for Rice Leaf Disease Classification Using Lightweight Deep Learning Models
Explainable AI	Deep Learning for Bengali Emotion Recognition Determinants of Explainable AI Adoption in Customer Service Chatbots: Insights from the Telecom Sector of Bangladesh Preprocessing-enhanced EfficientNetB7-based Computer-aided Diagnosis (CAD) Framework for Skin Lesion Classification Explainable Deep Learning Approach for Binary Kidney Stone Detection in CT Imaging Using MobileNetV2 Explainable Machine Learning Framework for Wind Speed Prediction: A Comprehensive Analysis Using Long-Term Meteorological Data
Explainable AI (XAI)
explainable artificial intelligence	Explainable Machine Learning Framework for Wind Speed Prediction: A Comprehensive Analysis Using Long-Term Meteorological Data
Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)
external sensing	Circular PCF-SPR Sensor Design with External Sensing and Extended RI Range
F
F1-Score	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection
Facial Expression Recognition	Analyzing Emotion Patterns in Gaming Using CNNs on Facial and Vocal Features
Fair Resource Allocation	Priority Aware Fair Resource Allocation for Task Offloading in MEC Federations
False data injection attacks (FDIA)	A Hybrid Deep Learning Model for Detecting False Data Injection Attacks in Smart Grid Networks
Fast Charging	Combatting Mobile Battery Degradation: A Comparative Investigation of Thermal, Charging and Aging Effects
FastText
Fault Detection	Performance Assessment of a Renewable Energy-Based DC Hybrid Microgrid for Reliable and Sustainable Power Supply
Feature Engineering	Smart Pricing in Online Marketplaces: A Machine Learning and Analytics Framework A Lightweight, Novel Framework for Anomaly Detection in IoMT Networks using Feature-Engineered Autoencoders with SHAP Analysis Transfer Learning with PCA Integration for Road Accident Severity Prediction: A Case Study Using DMP Data
feature extraction	Understanding the Language of the Bird : A Case Study
Feature selection
fective Computing	Deep Learning for Bengali Emotion Recognition
Federated Learning	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection
FEM	Circular PCF-SPR Sensor Design with External Sensing and Extended RI Range
Fertilizer optimization	AI-Based Fertilizer Optimization Using Random Forests and NSGA-II for Soybean Yield in Brazil
Fill Factor (FF)	Breaking Shockley Quisser Equation limit using Lead Free 3D, Metal halide, Heterojunction Bilayer Absorber Perovskite Solar Cells Through HTL Variation
find-tuned	Analyzing the Effectiveness of Transfer Learning and Custom CNN Approaches in Corn Disease Classification
Fine-Tuning
Fire	Deep Learning-Powered Intelligent Surveillance for Multi-Class Detection of Weapons and Fire Hazards
food processing	Energy Efficient Oil Extraction: A Comparison Between Solar Powered and Conventional AC Powered System
Food security	AECNN-A: Augmented Enhanced Convolutional Neural Network with Attention Mechanism for Lightweight Plant Leaf Disease Classification
food waste	Valorization of Peanut Red Skin Food Waste for Sustainable Dyeing and Functional Finishing of Viscose Fabric
frequency stability	AI-Based Optimal Tuning of PID-Integrated LFC for Improved Frequency Regulation in Smart Grids
Fruit
Fuel Cell	Performance Assessment of a Renewable Energy-Based DC Hybrid Microgrid for Reliable and Sustainable Power Supply Optimization of Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Design for Urban Mobility
functional finishing	Valorization of Peanut Red Skin Food Waste for Sustainable Dyeing and Functional Finishing of Viscose Fabric
fundus imaging	Attention-Driven Deep Learning for Retinal Disease Diagnosis (RetinaXNet): A DenseNet-MHSA Hybrid Framework with Explainable AI
G
G2V	Stability-Oriented Bi-Directional EV Charger with PLL-Based Synchronization and PI Control
garments performance	Impact of natural and synthetic polymeric materials on stitch performance
gaussian noise injection	Quantifying the Impact of Gaussian Noise on Aleatoric Uncertainty in Healthcare Data
Generative Adversarial Networks	An Efficient Deep Learning Framework for Diabetic Retinopathy Classification using Generative Data Augmentation and Knowledge Distillation
generative adversarial networks (GAN)	A Hybrid Deep Learning Model for Detecting False Data Injection Attacks in Smart Grid Networks
Geometric Matching Module	High-Fidelity Virtual Try-On Systems for Online Retail Using Computer Vision and Deep Learning
glaucoma	Attention-Driven Deep Learning for Retinal Disease Diagnosis (RetinaXNet): A DenseNet-MHSA Hybrid Framework with Explainable AI
Global Horizontal Irradiance	Optimized Autoformer for Long-Term Forecasting of Solar Irradiance and Wind Speed Multi-Step Solar Irradiance Forecasting Using Deep Learning Models
Grad-CAM	High-Fidelity Virtual Try-On Systems for Online Retail Using Computer Vision and Deep Learning An Attention-Enhanced CNN for Rice Leaf Disease Classification with Grad-CAM Insights An Efficient and Explainable Ensemble Framework for Rice Leaf Disease Classification Using Lightweight Deep Learning Models Beyond the Leaf: Intelligent Lightweight Disease Detection in Tea Plants with Spatial Convolutional Neural Networks and Explainable AI
Grad-CAM++
Gradient Masking	A Privacy-Preserving Personalized Federated Learning Framework with Byzantine Robustness for Healthcare Data
graph neural networks (GNN)	A Hybrid Deep Learning Model for Detecting False Data Injection Attacks in Smart Grid Networks
Green Hydrogen	Optimization of Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Design for Urban Mobility
Green synthesis	“Green Synthesized TiO2 Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Treatment of P/C Blended Dyeing Wastewater”
Greenhouse gas emissions	Techno-Economic Feasibility of Landfill Gas to Electricity Generation Using LandGEM in Dhaka City
grid following
grid forming/islanded
Grid Integration	Stability-Oriented Bi-Directional EV Charger with PLL-Based Synchronization and PI Control
Grid Stability	Simulation-Driven Techno-Economic, Environmental, and Grid Stability Assessment of Rooftop Solar PV: A Case Study on Dhaka Metro Rail Depot
Grid-connected Rooftop PV	Simulation-Driven Techno-Economic, Environmental, and Grid Stability Assessment of Rooftop Solar PV: A Case Study on Dhaka Metro Rail Depot
GroupKFold	Predictive Assessment and Social-Cost Estimation of Methane Emissions in Bio-Slurry Amended Systems
Gun	Deep Learning-Powered Intelligent Surveillance for Multi-Class Detection of Weapons and Fire Hazards
H
H2O2	Influence of Liquor Ratio on the Physical and Surface Properties of Peroxide-Bleached Denim Apparel
half-height modulation	A Novel 23-Level Inverter Topology with Symmetric-Asymmetric Hybrid Modules and Cross-Switching
hazard response	IoT-Enabled Smart Warehouse Monitoring and Safety System for Real Time Hazard Detection and Automated Mitigation
HD	Performance Analysis Over Dual-Hop Underwater UWOC Channel
heat exchanger	A Sustainable IoT-Based Atmospheric Water Generator for Portable Clean Water Harvesting
Heatmap Visualization	Embedded Deep Learning–Enabled Autonomous Aerial Surveillance with Contactless Charging for Threat-Level Estimation in Defense Scenarios
Heterogeneous IoT Networks	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection
Hexagonal
Histopathological Image Analysis
HL7 Standards	IoT-Enabled Diagnostic Device for Real-Time Skin Lesion Monitoring and Detection
Hole transport layer	Eco-Friendly High-Efficiency Tandem Perovskite Solar Cells Incorporating Diverse Hole Transport Elements: A Numerical Study
Hole Transport Layer (HTL)	Breaking Shockley Quisser Equation limit using Lead Free 3D, Metal halide, Heterojunction Bilayer Absorber Perovskite Solar Cells Through HTL Variation
Homer Pro	Harvesting Energy Using Coastal Padma: A Techno-Economic Analysis of Solar-Wind Hybrid Power Generation on Bangladesh's Largest Infrastructure Bridge
HTL	Efficiency Optimization of CH3NH3SnI3-Based Perovskite Solar Cells and Investigating Electron Transport Layers Using SCAPS-1D Simulation
Human Activity Recognition	Harnessing Ensemble Transfer Learning to Boost Human Activity Recognition in Static Images
Human Computer Interaction	Evaluating Artificial Intelligence Integration for Improving Supply Chain Efficiency in the Context of Bangladesh’s E-Commerce Sector
Hybrid Architecture	Enhanced Twitter-Based Depression Severity Classification Using Multi-Head Attention with RoBERTa and DistilBERT Fusion
Hybrid Data Balancing	Multiclass Mental Disorder Detection from Social Media Using BERT and Hybrid Data Balancing
Hybrid Deep Feature Fusion
Hybrid Deep Learning Models	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection
Hybrid Feature Extraction	HybridStack-BD: A Multilevel Stacking Ensemble Method with Hybrid Features for Bangla Drama Sentiment Analysis
Hybrid model	Automated Bladder Tissue Classification Using ViTXception with Explainable AI.
Hybrid Power	Harvesting Energy Using Coastal Padma: A Techno-Economic Analysis of Solar-Wind Hybrid Power Generation on Bangladesh's Largest Infrastructure Bridge
Hydrogen Production	Optimization of Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Design for Urban Mobility
Hyper parameter Tuning
Hyperparameter Optimization	Optimized Autoformer for Long-Term Forecasting of Solar Irradiance and Wind Speed
Hyperparameter Tuning	Transfer Learning with PCA Integration for Road Accident Severity Prediction: A Case Study Using DMP Data
I
IM/DD	Performance Analysis Over Dual-Hop Underwater UWOC Channel
Image Classification
Image Deraining	ART-UNet: Attentive Rain-Transformer U-Net with Cross-Scale Feature Fusion for single image deraining
Imperceptibility
InceptionV3	Analyzing the Effectiveness of Transfer Learning and Custom CNN Approaches in Corn Disease Classification
Inductive Charging	Solar-Powered Static and Dynamic Wireless Charging for Electric Vehicles: Towards Sustainable Mobility
Industry 5.0	Exploring Drivers of Sustainable E-Commerce Adoption among SMEs in Bangladesh: A TOE Framework Approach for Industry 5.0 Transformation
ing EfficientNet-B3 FedProx Flower framework Multihead	An Explainable AI with Federated EfficientNet-B3 and Multi-Head Attention for Privacy-Preserving Lung Cancer Classification
Intelligent Computing Systems	Determinants of AI-Powered Marketing Tool Adoption in E-Commerce: An Empirical Analysis within Intelligent Computing Systems
Interior-point method	Resource-Efficient Microgrid Planning with Stochastic Optimization under Renewable Penetration
Internet of Things (IoT) Security	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection
Intrusion	Hybrid Deep Ensemble Framework for Intelligent Intrusion Detection and Classification in Data Center Environments
Intrusion Detection	Optimizing Machine Learning for Network Intrusion Detection with Random Forests: Securing Networks Against Evolving Cyber Threats in Digital Environments
Intrusion Detection System (IDS)	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection
IoMT	A Lightweight, Novel Framework for Anomaly Detection in IoMT Networks using Feature-Engineered Autoencoders with SHAP Analysis
IoT	A Sustainable IoT-Based Atmospheric Water Generator for Portable Clean Water Harvesting
IoT Deployment	CornNetLite: An Ultralight CNN for Corn Leaf Disease Classification in Low-Resource Agricultural Environments
IoT Dermatology	IoT-Enabled Diagnostic Device for Real-Time Skin Lesion Monitoring and Detection
IoT security	SafeEntry: An ESP32-CAM-Based Intelligent Door Lock with Multi-Factor Security and Cloud Image Logging
IoT-based smart traffic management	IoT-based Smart Traffic Management System Using Tripwire Laser
IoU	An End-to-End Framework for Hair Artifact Removal and Skin Lesion Segmentation Using Xception-Based U-Net
irradiance sensor	Performance Degradation of Photovoltaic Modules under Multi-Dust Deposition: A Laboratory-Based Study in Bangladesh
Irrigation robot
ISIC	An End-to-End Framework for Hair Artifact Removal and Skin Lesion Segmentation Using Xception-Based U-Net
K
K3s
Kalman Filter based MPPT	Advanced Solar Water Pump Drivetrain for Rural Irrigation Application in Bangladesh
Kaplan-Meier Plot	Pathway-Centric Identification of Candidate Genes in Lung Adenocarcinoma Using TCGA Dataset
KEGG	Pathway-Centric Identification of Candidate Genes in Lung Adenocarcinoma Using TCGA Dataset
Keyphrase Extraction	A Capsule-Based Model for Keyphrase Extraction from Short Texts Using Variational Inference and Transformer Embeddings
Kidney stone	Explainable Deep Learning Approach for Binary Kidney Stone Detection in CT Imaging Using MobileNetV2
Knife	Deep Learning-Powered Intelligent Surveillance for Multi-Class Detection of Weapons and Fire Hazards
Knowledge Distillation	An Efficient Deep Learning Framework for Diabetic Retinopathy Classification using Generative Data Augmentation and Knowledge Distillation
Kubernetes
L
Landfill gas	Techno-Economic Feasibility of Landfill Gas to Electricity Generation Using LandGEM in Dhaka City
Laser sensors	IoT-based Smart Traffic Management System Using Tripwire Laser
LASSO-based COX	Pathway-Centric Identification of Candidate Genes in Lung Adenocarcinoma Using TCGA Dataset
LCL filter	A Novel 23-Level Inverter Topology with Symmetric-Asymmetric Hybrid Modules and Cross-Switching
LCOE
Lead-free	Efficiency Optimization of CH3NH3SnI3-Based Perovskite Solar Cells and Investigating Electron Transport Layers Using SCAPS-1D Simulation
Leaf
Leaf diseases	AECNN-A: Augmented Enhanced Convolutional Neural Network with Attention Mechanism for Lightweight Plant Leaf Disease Classification
Leakage-aware target encoding	Predictive Assessment and Social-Cost Estimation of Methane Emissions in Bio-Slurry Amended Systems
Lesion	An End-to-End Framework for Hair Artifact Removal and Skin Lesion Segmentation Using Xception-Based U-Net
License Plate Recognition Convolutional Neural Network
lightweight	Analyzing the Effectiveness of Transfer Learning and Custom CNN Approaches in Corn Disease Classification
Lightweight Deep Learning	CornNetLite: An Ultralight CNN for Corn Leaf Disease Classification in Low-Resource Agricultural Environments
LIME
Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR)	Intelligent Optimization of Predictive and State Feedback Controllers Using Ant Colony Algorithm for Microgrid Application
LLaMA fine-tuning	Design and Optimization of an Offline AI Model for Enhancing Student Learning and Academic Assistance
Local Binary Pattern (LBP)	Reduced Time Consumption Local Directional Ternary Pattern(RTC-LDTP) using Performance-Enhanced Directional Mask (PEDM) with SVM classifier
Local Direction Ternary Pattern (LDTP)	Reduced Time Consumption Local Directional Ternary Pattern(RTC-LDTP) using Performance-Enhanced Directional Mask (PEDM) with SVM classifier
Local Ternary Pattern (LTP)	Reduced Time Consumption Local Directional Ternary Pattern(RTC-LDTP) using Performance-Enhanced Directional Mask (PEDM) with SVM classifier
Localization of tampered text	Semantic-Guided Localization of Tampered Text in Document Image Using CLIP and Convolutional Architectures.
log2FC	Pathway-Centric Identification of Candidate Genes in Lung Adenocarcinoma Using TCGA Dataset
Long-Term Forecasting	Optimized Autoformer for Long-Term Forecasting of Solar Irradiance and Wind Speed
LoRA	Design and Optimization of an Offline AI Model for Enhancing Student Learning and Academic Assistance
low-power application	Isolated Totem-Pole PFC Integrated Buck Converter for Low-Voltage Energy Storage Applications
LSB	StegoVision: Enhanced Video Steganography via Prewitt Edge Mapping and 3-XOR Secured LSB
LSTM	SentiFive: A Multi-Class Bengali Dataset for Sentiment Analysis
LSTM Architecture	Deep Learning for Bengali Emotion Recognition
Lung Adenocarcinoma	Pathway-Centric Identification of Candidate Genes in Lung Adenocarcinoma Using TCGA Dataset
Lung cancer classification Federated learn-	An Explainable AI with Federated EfficientNet-B3 and Multi-Head Attention for Privacy-Preserving Lung Cancer Classification
Lung Disease
Lung Disease Classification
M
M-BERT	HybridStack-BD: A Multilevel Stacking Ensemble Method with Hybrid Features for Bangla Drama Sentiment Analysis
Machine Learning	Smart Pricing in Online Marketplaces: A Machine Learning and Analytics Framework Leveraging Hybrid Deep and Machine Learning Models for Plant Disease Classification A Lightweight, Novel Framework for Anomaly Detection in IoMT Networks using Feature-Engineered Autoencoders with SHAP Analysis Quantile-Based Crop Production Classification in Bangladesh Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques on Multisource Agro-Environmental Data
Machine Learning	Optimizing Machine Learning for Network Intrusion Detection with Random Forests: Securing Networks Against Evolving Cyber Threats in Digital Environments
machine learning interpretability	Explainable Machine Learning Framework for Wind Speed Prediction: A Comprehensive Analysis Using Long-Term Meteorological Data
Malicious Occurrences	Optimizing Machine Learning for Network Intrusion Detection with Random Forests: Securing Networks Against Evolving Cyber Threats in Digital Environments
Mammal Classification	Acoustic Recognition of Marine Mammals Using Deep Learning Approaches
Mango
Marine Debris	DeepSea-Net: A YOLO Based Framework for Real-Time Detection and Classification of Underwater Plastic Pollution
MASnI3	Efficiency Optimization of CH3NH3SnI3-Based Perovskite Solar Cells and Investigating Electron Transport Layers Using SCAPS-1D Simulation
MATLAB Simulink	ANN-Based Maximum Power Point Tracking for PV Systems: Design and Simulation Using MATLAB/Simulink
MATPOWER
maximum power	Experimental Investigation of Policrystaline Solar Panel Performance Parameters at Clean and Dust Conditions
Media Forensics
Medical Diagnostics
medical image classification	Explainable Deep Learning Approach for Binary Kidney Stone Detection in CT Imaging Using MobileNetV2
Medical Imaging
mEGG	Performance Analysis Over Dual-Hop Underwater UWOC Channel
Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients	Deepfake Voice Detection Across Male and Female Bangla Speech Using Convolutional Neural Networks and Acoustic Features
Melanoma	Preprocessing-enhanced EfficientNetB7-based Computer-aided Diagnosis (CAD) Framework for Skin Lesion Classification SEAA-UNet++: A Customized UNet++ Framework for Melanoma Segmentation in Dermoscopic Images with Test Time Augmentation.
Mental Health Detection	Multiclass Mental Disorder Detection from Social Media Using BERT and Hybrid Data Balancing
Metaheuristic Optimization	Metaheuristic Optimization of Distributed Generation Placement for Voltage Stability and Loss Minimization in Distribution Networks
MetaMask	DeCrowd: A Blockchain-Enabled Decentralized Crowdfunding System on Ethereum for Enhanced Transparency and Security
Metamaterial	Design of a High-Performance Ultra-Wideband THz Metamaterial for Absorption Application
meteorological modeling	Explainable Machine Learning Framework for Wind Speed Prediction: A Comprehensive Analysis Using Long-Term Meteorological Data
Methane emissions	Predictive Assessment and Social-Cost Estimation of Methane Emissions in Bio-Slurry Amended Systems
Methane recovery	Techno-Economic Feasibility of Landfill Gas to Electricity Generation Using LandGEM in Dhaka City
Metro Rail	Simulation-Driven Techno-Economic, Environmental, and Grid Stability Assessment of Rooftop Solar PV: A Case Study on Dhaka Metro Rail Depot
MGSX	Quantile-Based Crop Production Classification in Bangladesh Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques on Multisource Agro-Environmental Data
Microbial Species Classification
Microgrid	Resource-Efficient Microgrid Planning with Stochastic Optimization under Renewable Penetration
Microplastic Detection	SAM-Augmented Blending for Enhanced Microplastic Detection Using YOLO11
Mitigation Techniques	Combatting Mobile Battery Degradation: A Comparative Investigation of Thermal, Charging and Aging Effects
MixUp	Apple Leaf Disease Recognition via MobileNet and Data Augmentation: MixUp and CutMix
ML Algorithms	Analyzing Emotion Patterns in Gaming Using CNNs on Facial and Vocal Features
MNIST	Comparative Analysis of Siamese Networks and ResNet Embeddings for One Shot Learning
Mobile Deployment	CornNetLite: An Ultralight CNN for Corn Leaf Disease Classification in Low-Resource Agricultural Environments
Mobile Edge Computing	Priority Aware Fair Resource Allocation for Task Offloading in MEC Federations
MobileNet	An Attention-Enhanced CNN for Rice Leaf Disease Classification with Grad-CAM Insights Apple Leaf Disease Recognition via MobileNet and Data Augmentation: MixUp and CutMix
Mobilenet V2	Beyond the Leaf: Intelligent Lightweight Disease Detection in Tea Plants with Spatial Convolutional Neural Networks and Explainable AI
MobileNetV2	Explainable Deep Learning Approach for Binary Kidney Stone Detection in CT Imaging Using MobileNetV2
Model Optimization	Transfer Learning with PCA Integration for Road Accident Severity Prediction: A Case Study Using DMP Data
Model Predictive Control	AI-Based Optimal Tuning of PID-Integrated LFC for Improved Frequency Regulation in Smart Grids
Model Predictive Controller (MPC)	Intelligent Optimization of Predictive and State Feedback Controllers Using Ant Colony Algorithm for Microgrid Application
Motorcycle Traffic Violations
MPPT	ANN-Based Maximum Power Point Tracking for PV Systems: Design and Simulation Using MATLAB/Simulink
MQ-135 sensor	IoT-Enabled Smart Warehouse Monitoring and Safety System for Real Time Hazard Detection and Automated Mitigation
multi-factor authentication	SafeEntry: An ESP32-CAM-Based Intelligent Door Lock with Multi-Factor Security and Cloud Image Logging A Privacy-aware Medicine Recommendation System with Hybrid Cryptosystem and Skyline Queries
Multi-Head Attention	Enhanced Twitter-Based Depression Severity Classification Using Multi-Head Attention with RoBERTa and DistilBERT Fusion
Multi-Label Crop Production	Quantile-Based Crop Production Classification in Bangladesh Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques on Multisource Agro-Environmental Data
Multi-objective optimization	AI-Based Fertilizer Optimization Using Random Forests and NSGA-II for Soybean Yield in Brazil
Multi-Scale Feature	ART-UNet: Attentive Rain-Transformer U-Net with Cross-Scale Feature Fusion for single image deraining
Multiclass Classification	Multiclass Mental Disorder Detection from Social Media Using BERT and Hybrid Data Balancing
multilevel inverter	A Novel 23-Level Inverter Topology with Symmetric-Asymmetric Hybrid Modules and Cross-Switching
Multilingual Processing	Deep Learning for Bengali Emotion Recognition
Multimodal	DisasterMDDB: A Social Media-based Multimodal Dataset for Disaster Classification in Bangla
Multimodal Emotion Recognition	Analyzing Emotion Patterns in Gaming Using CNNs on Facial and Vocal Features
Multimodal Sentiment Analysis	Multimodal Speech Emotion Recognition in Patient-Clinician Interactions: Sentiment Analysis Leveraging Transformer Model for Enhanced Diagnostic Insight
Multiplicative Secret Sharing	A Privacy-aware Medicine Recommendation System with Hybrid Cryptosystem and Skyline Queries
Municipal solid waste	Techno-Economic Feasibility of Landfill Gas to Electricity Generation Using LandGEM in Dhaka City
Mushroom Classification
N
Natural Language Processing (NLP)	EDNeuFTM: Enhanced Deep NeuroFusion Topic Modeling with NeuroCapsule A Capsule-Based Model for Keyphrase Extraction from Short Texts Using Variational Inference and Transformer Embeddings
Natural Wax	Eco-Friendly Food Packaging from Agricultural By-Products: Design, Fabrication, and Performance
Neem Leaves	Eco-Friendly Food Packaging from Agricultural By-Products: Design, Fabrication, and Performance
Network	Hybrid Deep Ensemble Framework for Intelligent Intrusion Detection and Classification in Data Center Environments
Network Intrusion	Optimizing Machine Learning for Network Intrusion Detection with Random Forests: Securing Networks Against Evolving Cyber Threats in Digital Environments
Network Layer	DDoS Attack Detection for Network and Transport Layer using SIEM for Deeper Analysis
NLP	Early Prediction of Depression and Suicidal Risk in Bangla Social Media Using Deep Learning DisasterMDDB: A Social Media-based Multimodal Dataset for Disaster Classification in Bangla
NPK sensor
NVP
O
Object Detection	DeepSea-Net: A YOLO Based Framework for Real-Time Detection and Classification of Underwater Plastic Pollution SAM-Augmented Blending for Enhanced Microplastic Detection Using YOLO11
occlusions	Eff-DANet: An Efficient Attention-enhanced Deep-learning based Model for an Automated Driver Monitoring System
Offline AI	Design and Optimization of an Offline AI Model for Enhancing Student Learning and Academic Assistance
oil extractor	Energy Efficient Oil Extraction: A Comparison Between Solar Powered and Conventional AC Powered System
oil production	Energy Efficient Oil Extraction: A Comparison Between Solar Powered and Conventional AC Powered System
One Shot Learning	Comparative Analysis of Siamese Networks and ResNet Embeddings for One Shot Learning
Online and Continual Learning	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection
OP	Performance Analysis Over Dual-Hop Underwater UWOC Channel
Open Circuit Voltage (Voc)	Breaking Shockley Quisser Equation limit using Lead Free 3D, Metal halide, Heterojunction Bilayer Absorber Perovskite Solar Cells Through HTL Variation
Open-domain Question Answering	Quality-Based Evidence Summarization for Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)
Optimal planning	Resource-Efficient Microgrid Planning with Stochastic Optimization under Renewable Penetration
Optimization	Optimization of Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Design for Urban Mobility ANN-Based Maximum Power Point Tracking for PV Systems: Design and Simulation Using MATLAB/Simulink
Oral Cancer
P
Parkinson's Disease
Particle Swarm Optimization	AI-Based Optimal Tuning of PID-Integrated LFC for Improved Frequency Regulation in Smart Grids
Pathogen Detection
Patient-Clinician Interaction	Multimodal Speech Emotion Recognition in Patient-Clinician Interactions: Sentiment Analysis Leveraging Transformer Model for Enhanced Diagnostic Insight
PCF	Circular PCF-SPR Sensor Design with External Sensing and Extended RI Range
Peak Shaving	Stability-Oriented Bi-Directional EV Charger with PLL-Based Synchronization and PI Control
peanut red skin	Valorization of Peanut Red Skin Food Waste for Sustainable Dyeing and Functional Finishing of Viscose Fabric
PEDM	Reduced Time Consumption Local Directional Ternary Pattern(RTC-LDTP) using Performance-Enhanced Directional Mask (PEDM) with SVM classifier
Peltier module	A Sustainable IoT-Based Atmospheric Water Generator for Portable Clean Water Harvesting
Perovskite Solar Cell	Efficiency Optimization of CH3NH3SnI3-Based Perovskite Solar Cells and Investigating Electron Transport Layers Using SCAPS-1D Simulation
Perovskite solar cell	Eco-Friendly High-Efficiency Tandem Perovskite Solar Cells Incorporating Diverse Hole Transport Elements: A Numerical Study
Perovskite Solar Cells (PSC)	Breaking Shockley Quisser Equation limit using Lead Free 3D, Metal halide, Heterojunction Bilayer Absorber Perovskite Solar Cells Through HTL Variation
Person Detection	Embedded Deep Learning–Enabled Autonomous Aerial Surveillance with Contactless Charging for Threat-Level Estimation in Defense Scenarios
Phase Locked Loop	Stability-Oriented Bi-Directional EV Charger with PLL-Based Synchronization and PI Control
Photocatalysis	“Green Synthesized TiO2 Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Treatment of P/C Blended Dyeing Wastewater”
Photovoltaic	Performance Assessment of a Renewable Energy-Based DC Hybrid Microgrid for Reliable and Sustainable Power Supply Sr₃MI₃ Perovskites: Tunable Bandgaps for High-Efficiency Next-Generation Solar Cells ANN-Based Maximum Power Point Tracking for PV Systems: Design and Simulation Using MATLAB/Simulink
photovoltaic system	Experimental Investigation of Policrystaline Solar Panel Performance Parameters at Clean and Dust Conditions
PI Controller	Stability-Oriented Bi-Directional EV Charger with PLL-Based Synchronization and PI Control
PID integrated LFC	AI-Based Optimal Tuning of PID-Integrated LFC for Improved Frequency Regulation in Smart Grids
pixhawk	Real-Time Crop Disease Detection on Autonomous Drones Using NCNN-Optimized YOLO Models
Plant disease classification	Leveraging Hybrid Deep and Machine Learning Models for Plant Disease Classification
PlantVillage	AECNN-A: Augmented Enhanced Convolutional Neural Network with Attention Mechanism for Lightweight Plant Leaf Disease Classification Analyzing the Effectiveness of Transfer Learning and Custom CNN Approaches in Corn Disease Classification
PM2.5	Comparative Study on the Impact of PM2.5 Dust Deposition on Solar Panel Performance: Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan
Polarization insensitivity	Design of a High-Performance Ultra-Wideband THz Metamaterial for Absorption Application
Post-Quantum Cryptography	Quantum-Resistant Blockchain: Enhancing Blockchain Security with ROUND5
Post-retrieval Summarization	Quality-Based Evidence Summarization for Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)
Postpartum Disorder
Power consumption	Design Exploration of 10T SRAM Architectures for Stability in Error-Sensitive Applications at 22 nm CMOS Technology
Power conversion efficiency	Eco-Friendly High-Efficiency Tandem Perovskite Solar Cells Incorporating Diverse Hole Transport Elements: A Numerical Study
Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE)	Breaking Shockley Quisser Equation limit using Lead Free 3D, Metal halide, Heterojunction Bilayer Absorber Perovskite Solar Cells Through HTL Variation
Power Converters	Advanced Solar Water Pump Drivetrain for Rural Irrigation Application in Bangladesh
power factor correction	Isolated Totem-Pole PFC Integrated Buck Converter for Low-Voltage Energy Storage Applications
Power flow	Simulation-Driven Techno-Economic, Environmental, and Grid Stability Assessment of Rooftop Solar PV: A Case Study on Dhaka Metro Rail Depot
Power Loss Reduction	Metaheuristic Optimization of Distributed Generation Placement for Voltage Stability and Loss Minimization in Distribution Networks
power reduction	Comparative Study on the Impact of PM2.5 Dust Deposition on Solar Panel Performance: Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan
Precision	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection
Precision Agriculture	CornNetLite: An Ultralight CNN for Corn Leaf Disease Classification in Low-Resource Agricultural Environments
precision irrigation
Prewitt	StegoVision: Enhanced Video Steganography via Prewitt Edge Mapping and 3-XOR Secured LSB
Price prediction	Smart Pricing in Online Marketplaces: A Machine Learning and Analytics Framework
Principal Component Analysis (PCA)	Transfer Learning with PCA Integration for Road Accident Severity Prediction: A Case Study Using DMP Data
Priority	Priority Aware Fair Resource Allocation for Task Offloading in MEC Federations
Project-Based Learning
PSC	Efficiency Optimization of CH3NH3SnI3-Based Perovskite Solar Cells and Investigating Electron Transport Layers Using SCAPS-1D Simulation
push-pull inverter	Design of single phase Agri inverter using center-tapped transformer topology
PV panel	Performance Degradation of Photovoltaic Modules under Multi-Dust Deposition: A Laboratory-Based Study in Bangladesh
PV system
PVsyst	Harvesting Energy Using Coastal Padma: A Techno-Economic Analysis of Solar-Wind Hybrid Power Generation on Bangladesh's Largest Infrastructure Bridge
PVsyst renewable energy
PVsyst Simulation	Simulation-Driven Techno-Economic, Environmental, and Grid Stability Assessment of Rooftop Solar PV: A Case Study on Dhaka Metro Rail Depot
Q
Quantized model	Design and Optimization of an Offline AI Model for Enhancing Student Learning and Academic Assistance
R
Random Forest	Optimizing Machine Learning for Network Intrusion Detection with Random Forests: Securing Networks Against Evolving Cyber Threats in Digital Environments
Random Forest (RF)	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection
Random forests	AI-Based Fertilizer Optimization Using Random Forests and NSGA-II for Soybean Yield in Brazil
raspberry Pi	Real-Time Crop Disease Detection on Autonomous Drones Using NCNN-Optimized YOLO Models
real time	AECNN-A: Augmented Enhanced Convolutional Neural Network with Attention Mechanism for Lightweight Plant Leaf Disease Classification
Real-time data	IoT-based Smart Traffic Management System Using Tripwire Laser
Real-time violation detection	IoT-based Smart Traffic Management System Using Tripwire Laser
Recall	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection
recurrent neural networks (RNN)	A Hybrid Deep Learning Model for Detecting False Data Injection Attacks in Smart Grid Networks
reduced switch	A Novel 23-Level Inverter Topology with Symmetric-Asymmetric Hybrid Modules and Cross-Switching
Regional-to-local attention	Mixed-Type Wafer Map Defect Classification Using Regional-to-Local Attention
RegionViT	Mixed-Type Wafer Map Defect Classification Using Regional-to-Local Attention
Regression	Smart Pricing in Online Marketplaces: A Machine Learning and Analytics Framework
Reinforcement Learning	Reinforcement Learning based Self-Healing Logistics Databases for High-Availability Disaster Response Operations
Renewable energy	Techno-Economic Feasibility of Landfill Gas to Electricity Generation Using LandGEM in Dhaka City Sr₃MI₃ Perovskites: Tunable Bandgaps for High-Efficiency Next-Generation Solar Cells Energy Efficient Oil Extraction: A Comparison Between Solar Powered and Conventional AC Powered System Resource-Efficient Microgrid Planning with Stochastic Optimization under Renewable Penetration Harvesting Energy Using Coastal Padma: A Techno-Economic Analysis of Solar-Wind Hybrid Power Generation on Bangladesh's Largest Infrastructure Bridge Multi-Step Solar Irradiance Forecasting Using Deep Learning Models
renewable energy assessment	Explainable Machine Learning Framework for Wind Speed Prediction: A Comprehensive Analysis Using Long-Term Meteorological Data
renewable energy integration	The Rising Energy Footprint of Data Centers: A Review of Global Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities
Renewable Integration	Performance Assessment of a Renewable Energy-Based DC Hybrid Microgrid for Reliable and Sustainable Power Supply
Residual 2D CNN	Comprehensive Analysis of Speech Emotion Recognition Using Deep Learning Techniques for Multilingual and Noisy Environments
Residual Network
Residual Reconstruction	ART-UNet: Attentive Rain-Transformer U-Net with Cross-Scale Feature Fusion for single image deraining
ResNet	Comparative Analysis of Siamese Networks and ResNet Embeddings for One Shot Learning
ResNet-50	Explainable Artificial Intelligence For Violence Detection In Surveillance System
Resnet152V2	Analyzing the Effectiveness of Transfer Learning and Custom CNN Approaches in Corn Disease Classification
ResNet50	An Attention-Enhanced CNN for Rice Leaf Disease Classification with Grad-CAM Insights
Resource-Constrained Environments	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection
Retinal disease	Attention-Driven Deep Learning for Retinal Disease Diagnosis (RetinaXNet): A DenseNet-MHSA Hybrid Framework with Explainable AI
Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)	Quality-Based Evidence Summarization for Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)
Rice leaf disease	An Efficient and Explainable Ensemble Framework for Rice Leaf Disease Classification Using Lightweight Deep Learning Models
Road Safety	Eff-DANet: An Efficient Attention-enhanced Deep-learning based Model for an Automated Driver Monitoring System IoT-based Smart Traffic Management System Using Tripwire Laser
RoBERTa	Enhanced Twitter-Based Depression Severity Classification Using Multi-Head Attention with RoBERTa and DistilBERT Fusion
ROC-AUC	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection
Rooftop solar
ROUND5 Algorithm	Quantum-Resistant Blockchain: Enhancing Blockchain Security with ROUND5
RTC-LDTP	Reduced Time Consumption Local Directional Ternary Pattern(RTC-LDTP) using Performance-Enhanced Directional Mask (PEDM) with SVM classifier
S
Sanitary Ware	VisuCeram: A Comprehensive Dataset for Sanitary Ware Ceramic Defect Detection with YOLO Models and Benchmarking
Satellite Communication
Sawdust	Sustainable Treatment of Textile Waste Water Using Sawdust Waste–Derived Activated Charcoal
Scalability and Efficiency	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection
SCAPS	Efficiency Optimization of CH3NH3SnI3-Based Perovskite Solar Cells and Investigating Electron Transport Layers Using SCAPS-1D Simulation
SEAA-UNet++	SEAA-UNet++: A Customized UNet++ Framework for Melanoma Segmentation in Dermoscopic Images with Test Time Augmentation.
seam performance	Impact of natural and synthetic polymeric materials on stitch performance
seam strength	Impact of natural and synthetic polymeric materials on stitch performance
Secure Medical Imaging	IoT-Enabled Diagnostic Device for Real-Time Skin Lesion Monitoring and Detection
Segment Anything Model	SAM-Augmented Blending for Enhanced Microplastic Detection Using YOLO11
Segmentation	An End-to-End Framework for Hair Artifact Removal and Skin Lesion Segmentation Using Xception-Based U-Net SEAA-UNet++: A Customized UNet++ Framework for Melanoma Segmentation in Dermoscopic Images with Test Time Augmentation.
Self-healing Databases	Reinforcement Learning based Self-Healing Logistics Databases for High-Availability Disaster Response Operations
Self-Supervised Learning	ART-UNet: Attentive Rain-Transformer U-Net with Cross-Scale Feature Fusion for single image deraining
Semantic feature	Semantic-Guided Localization of Tampered Text in Document Image Using CLIP and Convolutional Architectures.
Semantic Representation	A Capsule-Based Model for Keyphrase Extraction from Short Texts Using Variational Inference and Transformer Embeddings
SentiFive	SentiFive: A Multi-Class Bengali Dataset for Sentiment Analysis
Sentiment Analysis	HybridStack-BD: A Multilevel Stacking Ensemble Method with Hybrid Features for Bangla Drama Sentiment Analysis
Sentiment Analysis (SA)	SentiFive: A Multi-Class Bengali Dataset for Sentiment Analysis
Sentiment-Analysis	Early Prediction of Depression and Suicidal Risk in Bangla Social Media Using Deep Learning
Service Latency	Priority Aware Fair Resource Allocation for Task Offloading in MEC Federations
servo-controlled door	IoT-Enabled Smart Warehouse Monitoring and Safety System for Real Time Hazard Detection and Automated Mitigation
SHAP	A Lightweight, Novel Framework for Anomaly Detection in IoMT Networks using Feature-Engineered Autoencoders with SHAP Analysis Explainable Artificial Intelligence For Violence Detection In Surveillance System
SHAP interpretability	Predictive Assessment and Social-Cost Estimation of Methane Emissions in Bio-Slurry Amended Systems
Shockley-Quisser limit	Breaking Shockley Quisser Equation limit using Lead Free 3D, Metal halide, Heterojunction Bilayer Absorber Perovskite Solar Cells Through HTL Variation
Short Circuit Current Density (Jsc)	Breaking Shockley Quisser Equation limit using Lead Free 3D, Metal halide, Heterojunction Bilayer Absorber Perovskite Solar Cells Through HTL Variation
Short Text	EDNeuFTM: Enhanced Deep NeuroFusion Topic Modeling with NeuroCapsule A Capsule-Based Model for Keyphrase Extraction from Short Texts Using Variational Inference and Transformer Embeddings
Siamese Network	Comparative Analysis of Siamese Networks and ResNet Embeddings for One Shot Learning
SIEM	DDoS Attack Detection for Network and Transport Layer using SIEM for Deeper Analysis
signal processing	Understanding the Language of the Bird : A Case Study
Silicon Carbide (SiC)	Advanced Solar Water Pump Drivetrain for Rural Irrigation Application in Bangladesh
Silicon-Carbon Anode	Combatting Mobile Battery Degradation: A Comparative Investigation of Thermal, Charging and Aging Effects
single needle lockstitch	Impact of natural and synthetic polymeric materials on stitch performance
single-phase inverter	Design of single phase Agri inverter using center-tapped transformer topology
SIPaKMeD Dataset
Skin cancer	Preprocessing-enhanced EfficientNetB7-based Computer-aided Diagnosis (CAD) Framework for Skin Lesion Classification
Skin Cancer Detection	IoT-Enabled Diagnostic Device for Real-Time Skin Lesion Monitoring and Detection
Skin Lesion	Preprocessing-enhanced EfficientNetB7-based Computer-aided Diagnosis (CAD) Framework for Skin Lesion Classification SEAA-UNet++: A Customized UNet++ Framework for Melanoma Segmentation in Dermoscopic Images with Test Time Augmentation.
Skyline queries	A Privacy-aware Medicine Recommendation System with Hybrid Cryptosystem and Skyline Queries
smart agriculture
Smart contracts	DeCrowd: A Blockchain-Enabled Decentralized Crowdfunding System on Ethereum for Enhanced Transparency and Security
smart grid	The Rising Energy Footprint of Data Centers: A Review of Global Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities AI-Based Optimal Tuning of PID-Integrated LFC for Improved Frequency Regulation in Smart Grids
smart grid security	A Hybrid Deep Learning Model for Detecting False Data Injection Attacks in Smart Grid Networks
SmartGrid	Intelligent Optimization of Predictive and State Feedback Controllers Using Ant Colony Algorithm for Microgrid Application
SMOTE
SoC	Design Exploration of 10T SRAM Architectures for Stability in Error-Sensitive Applications at 22 nm CMOS Technology
Social Media Analysis	Multiclass Mental Disorder Detection from Social Media Using BERT and Hybrid Data Balancing
Soft-Attention Mechanism
soil monitoring
Solar cell	Sr₃MI₃ Perovskites: Tunable Bandgaps for High-Efficiency Next-Generation Solar Cells
Solar Energy	Solar-Powered Static and Dynamic Wireless Charging for Electric Vehicles: Towards Sustainable Mobility
Solar forecasting	Multi-Step Solar Irradiance Forecasting Using Deep Learning Models
solar inverter	Design of single phase Agri inverter using center-tapped transformer topology
solar panel	Comparative Study on the Impact of PM2.5 Dust Deposition on Solar Panel Performance: Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan
Solar Power	ANN-Based Maximum Power Point Tracking for PV Systems: Design and Simulation Using MATLAB/Simulink
solar powered	Energy Efficient Oil Extraction: A Comparison Between Solar Powered and Conventional AC Powered System
solar PV	Enabling Distributed Solar Energy in Resource- Constrained Settings: A Third-Party Financing Model from the CODEC–UNHCR Project in Bangladesh
solar simulator light	Performance Degradation of Photovoltaic Modules under Multi-Dust Deposition: A Laboratory-Based Study in Bangladesh
solar system analyzer	Performance Degradation of Photovoltaic Modules under Multi-Dust Deposition: A Laboratory-Based Study in Bangladesh
Solar Water Pumping	Advanced Solar Water Pump Drivetrain for Rural Irrigation Application in Bangladesh
Solidity	DeCrowd: A Blockchain-Enabled Decentralized Crowdfunding System on Ethereum for Enhanced Transparency and Security
South Asian	Comparative Study on the Impact of PM2.5 Dust Deposition on Solar Panel Performance: Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan
Soybean yield prediction	AI-Based Fertilizer Optimization Using Random Forests and NSGA-II for Soybean Yield in Brazil
Spatial feature	Semantic-Guided Localization of Tampered Text in Document Image Using CLIP and Convolutional Architectures.
Spatial Feature Fusion	ART-UNet: Attentive Rain-Transformer U-Net with Cross-Scale Feature Fusion for single image deraining
Speech Emotion Recognition	Deep Learning for Bengali Emotion Recognition Analyzing Emotion Patterns in Gaming Using CNNs on Facial and Vocal Features Speech Emotion Recognition from Bone-Conducted Speech Using Wav2Vec2 Transformer Model
Speech Emotion Recognition (SER)	Comprehensive Analysis of Speech Emotion Recognition Using Deep Learning Techniques for Multilingual and Noisy Environments Multimodal Speech Emotion Recognition in Patient-Clinician Interactions: Sentiment Analysis Leveraging Transformer Model for Enhanced Diagnostic Insight
Squeeze-and-Excitation Block
SRAM	Design Exploration of 10T SRAM Architectures for Stability in Error-Sensitive Applications at 22 nm CMOS Technology
Stacked Ensemble	Smart Pricing in Online Marketplaces: A Machine Learning and Analytics Framework
Stacking ensemble	Predictive Assessment and Social-Cost Estimation of Methane Emissions in Bio-Slurry Amended Systems HybridStack-BD: A Multilevel Stacking Ensemble Method with Hybrid Features for Bangla Drama Sentiment Analysis
STC output	Experimental Investigation of Policrystaline Solar Panel Performance Parameters at Clean and Dust Conditions
steady-state analysis	Isolated Totem-Pole PFC Integrated Buck Converter for Low-Voltage Energy Storage Applications
Steady-State Error (SSE)	Intelligent Optimization of Predictive and State Feedback Controllers Using Ant Colony Algorithm for Microgrid Application
Stochastic Optimization	Resource-Efficient Microgrid Planning with Stochastic Optimization under Renewable Penetration
Stochastic Variational Inference (SVI)	A Capsule-Based Model for Keyphrase Extraction from Short Texts Using Variational Inference and Transformer Embeddings
Streamlit Deployment	Smart Pricing in Online Marketplaces: A Machine Learning and Analytics Framework
Student assistant	Design and Optimization of an Offline AI Model for Enhancing Student Learning and Academic Assistance
Student performance prediction
Supply Chain Efficiency	Evaluating Artificial Intelligence Integration for Improving Supply Chain Efficiency in the Context of Bangladesh’s E-Commerce Sector
Suricata	DDoS Attack Detection for Network and Transport Layer using SIEM for Deeper Analysis
Surveillance Video	Explainable Artificial Intelligence For Violence Detection In Surveillance System
sustainability	Energy Efficient Oil Extraction: A Comparison Between Solar Powered and Conventional AC Powered System Sustainable Treatment of Textile Waste Water Using Sawdust Waste–Derived Activated Charcoal
sustainability strategies	The Rising Energy Footprint of Data Centers: A Review of Global Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities
Sustainable agriculture	AI-Based Fertilizer Optimization Using Random Forests and NSGA-II for Soybean Yield in Brazil
Sustainable dyeing	Valorization of Peanut Red Skin Food Waste for Sustainable Dyeing and Functional Finishing of Viscose Fabric
Sustainable Materials	Eco-Friendly Food Packaging from Agricultural By-Products: Design, Fabrication, and Performance
Sustainable Mobility	Solar-Powered Static and Dynamic Wireless Charging for Electric Vehicles: Towards Sustainable Mobility
Sustainable Power	Performance Assessment of a Renewable Energy-Based DC Hybrid Microgrid for Reliable and Sustainable Power Supply
Syndrome Classification
Synthetic Data Augmentation	SAM-Augmented Blending for Enhanced Microplastic Detection Using YOLO11
Synthetic Speech Recognition	Deepfake Voice Detection Across Male and Female Bangla Speech Using Convolutional Neural Networks and Acoustic Features
T
t-SNE	Eff-DANet: An Efficient Attention-enhanced Deep-learning based Model for an Automated Driver Monitoring System
TabNet	Transfer Learning with PCA Integration for Road Accident Severity Prediction: A Case Study Using DMP Data
tabular healthcare data	Quantifying the Impact of Gaussian Noise on Aleatoric Uncertainty in Healthcare Data
Tandem	Eco-Friendly High-Efficiency Tandem Perovskite Solar Cells Incorporating Diverse Hole Transport Elements: A Numerical Study
Task Offloading	Priority Aware Fair Resource Allocation for Task Offloading in MEC Federations
Tea Plants	Beyond the Leaf: Intelligent Lightweight Disease Detection in Tea Plants with Spatial Convolutional Neural Networks and Explainable AI
Teaching Methodology
Techno-economic
Technology adoption	Exploring Drivers of Sustainable E-Commerce Adoption among SMEs in Bangladesh: A TOE Framework Approach for Industry 5.0 Transformation Determinants of AI-Powered Marketing Tool Adoption in E-Commerce: An Empirical Analysis within Intelligent Computing Systems
Telecom Industry	Determinants of Explainable AI Adoption in Customer Service Chatbots: Insights from the Telecom Sector of Bangladesh
Telemedicine	IoT-Enabled Diagnostic Device for Real-Time Skin Lesion Monitoring and Detection
Tensile strength	Influence of Liquor Ratio on the Physical and Surface Properties of Peroxide-Bleached Denim Apparel
Terraform
Test Time Augmentation	SEAA-UNet++: A Customized UNet++ Framework for Melanoma Segmentation in Dermoscopic Images with Test Time Augmentation.
Text Mining	EDNeuFTM: Enhanced Deep NeuroFusion Topic Modeling with NeuroCapsule A Capsule-Based Model for Keyphrase Extraction from Short Texts Using Variational Inference and Transformer Embeddings
Text tampering	Semantic-Guided Localization of Tampered Text in Document Image Using CLIP and Convolutional Architectures.
Textile processing	Influence of Liquor Ratio on the Physical and Surface Properties of Peroxide-Bleached Denim Apparel
Textile waste water	Sustainable Treatment of Textile Waste Water Using Sawdust Waste–Derived Activated Charcoal
Texture Classification	Reduced Time Consumption Local Directional Ternary Pattern(RTC-LDTP) using Performance-Enhanced Directional Mask (PEDM) with SVM classifier
thermal sensor	Performance Degradation of Photovoltaic Modules under Multi-Dust Deposition: A Laboratory-Based Study in Bangladesh
Thermal Stress	Combatting Mobile Battery Degradation: A Comparative Investigation of Thermal, Charging and Aging Effects
third-party financing	Enabling Distributed Solar Energy in Resource- Constrained Settings: A Third-Party Financing Model from the CODEC–UNHCR Project in Bangladesh
Threat Classification	Embedded Deep Learning–Enabled Autonomous Aerial Surveillance with Contactless Charging for Threat-Level Estimation in Defense Scenarios
THz sensing and imaging	Design of a High-Performance Ultra-Wideband THz Metamaterial for Absorption Application
TiO2	“Green Synthesized TiO2 Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Treatment of P/C Blended Dyeing Wastewater”
TON-IoT Dataset	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection
Topic Coherence	EDNeuFTM: Enhanced Deep NeuroFusion Topic Modeling with NeuroCapsule
Topic Modeling	EDNeuFTM: Enhanced Deep NeuroFusion Topic Modeling with NeuroCapsule
total harmonic distortion	A Novel 23-Level Inverter Topology with Symmetric-Asymmetric Hybrid Modules and Cross-Switching
Traffic infrastructure	IoT-based Smart Traffic Management System Using Tripwire Laser
Transfer Function (TF)	Intelligent Optimization of Predictive and State Feedback Controllers Using Ant Colony Algorithm for Microgrid Application
Transfer Learning	Leveraging Hybrid Deep and Machine Learning Models for Plant Disease Classification Harnessing Ensemble Transfer Learning to Boost Human Activity Recognition in Static Images Mixed-Type Wafer Map Defect Classification Using Regional-to-Local Attention Transfer Learning with PCA Integration for Road Accident Severity Prediction: A Case Study Using DMP Data Analyzing the Effectiveness of Transfer Learning and Custom CNN Approaches in Corn Disease Classification
Transfer learning models	Beyond the Leaf: Intelligent Lightweight Disease Detection in Tea Plants with Spatial Convolutional Neural Networks and Explainable AI
transformer	Automated Bladder Tissue Classification Using ViTXception with Explainable AI. Speech Emotion Recognition from Bone-Conducted Speech Using Wav2Vec2 Transformer Model
Transformer Embeddings	EDNeuFTM: Enhanced Deep NeuroFusion Topic Modeling with NeuroCapsule A Capsule-Based Model for Keyphrase Extraction from Short Texts Using Variational Inference and Transformer Embeddings
Transformer Network	ART-UNet: Attentive Rain-Transformer U-Net with Cross-Scale Feature Fusion for single image deraining
Transformer-Based Models	Multimodal Speech Emotion Recognition in Patient-Clinician Interactions: Sentiment Analysis Leveraging Transformer Model for Enhanced Diagnostic Insight
Transmission Planning
Transport Layer	DDoS Attack Detection for Network and Transport Layer using SIEM for Deeper Analysis
Tree
Tripwire	IoT-based Smart Traffic Management System Using Tripwire Laser
Trust in AI	Determinants of Explainable AI Adoption in Customer Service Chatbots: Insights from the Telecom Sector of Bangladesh
U
U-Net	Semantic-Guided Localization of Tampered Text in Document Image Using CLIP and Convolutional Architectures.
U-Net Segmentation	High-Fidelity Virtual Try-On Systems for Online Retail Using Computer Vision and Deep Learning
UAV Surveillance	Embedded Deep Learning–Enabled Autonomous Aerial Surveillance with Contactless Charging for Threat-Level Estimation in Defense Scenarios
uncertainty quantification	Quantifying the Impact of Gaussian Noise on Aleatoric Uncertainty in Healthcare Data
Underwater Imagery	DeepSea-Net: A YOLO Based Framework for Real-Time Detection and Classification of Underwater Plastic Pollution
UNet++	SEAA-UNet++: A Customized UNet++ Framework for Melanoma Segmentation in Dermoscopic Images with Test Time Augmentation.
UTAUT2	Determinants of Explainable AI Adoption in Customer Service Chatbots: Insights from the Telecom Sector of Bangladesh
UV light	“Green Synthesized TiO2 Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Treatment of P/C Blended Dyeing Wastewater”
UV protection	Valorization of Peanut Red Skin Food Waste for Sustainable Dyeing and Functional Finishing of Viscose Fabric
UWOC	Performance Analysis Over Dual-Hop Underwater UWOC Channel
V
V2G	Stability-Oriented Bi-Directional EV Charger with PLL-Based Synchronization and PI Control
Variational Autoencoder (VAE)	EDNeuFTM: Enhanced Deep NeuroFusion Topic Modeling with NeuroCapsule A Capsule-Based Model for Keyphrase Extraction from Short Texts Using Variational Inference and Transformer Embeddings
Vehicle Identification
VGG16	An Attention-Enhanced CNN for Rice Leaf Disease Classification with Grad-CAM Insights
VGGish	Acoustic Recognition of Marine Mammals Using Deep Learning Approaches
Video games	Analyzing Emotion Patterns in Gaming Using CNNs on Facial and Vocal Features
Video steganography	StegoVision: Enhanced Video Steganography via Prewitt Edge Mapping and 3-XOR Secured LSB
Violence Detection	Explainable Artificial Intelligence For Violence Detection In Surveillance System
Virtual Try-on	High-Fidelity Virtual Try-On Systems for Online Retail Using Computer Vision and Deep Learning
Vision Transformer	Mixed-Type Wafer Map Defect Classification Using Regional-to-Local Attention
Vision Transformer (ViT)
Visual Inspection	VisuCeram: A Comprehensive Dataset for Sanitary Ware Ceramic Defect Detection with YOLO Models and Benchmarking
VLSI	Design Exploration of 10T SRAM Architectures for Stability in Error-Sensitive Applications at 22 nm CMOS Technology
Voltage Fluctuation	Simulation-Driven Techno-Economic, Environmental, and Grid Stability Assessment of Rooftop Solar PV: A Case Study on Dhaka Metro Rail Depot
Voltage Profile Improvement	Metaheuristic Optimization of Distributed Generation Placement for Voltage Stability and Loss Minimization in Distribution Networks
W
Wafer defect classification	Mixed-Type Wafer Map Defect Classification Using Regional-to-Local Attention
Waste Classification
Wastewater	“Green Synthesized TiO2 Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Treatment of P/C Blended Dyeing Wastewater”
Water Hyacinth	Eco-Friendly Food Packaging from Agricultural By-Products: Design, Fabrication, and Performance
water scarcity	A Sustainable IoT-Based Atmospheric Water Generator for Portable Clean Water Harvesting
WaV2Vec2	Acoustic Recognition of Marine Mammals Using Deep Learning Approaches
Wav2Vec2.0	Speech Emotion Recognition from Bone-Conducted Speech Using Wav2Vec2 Transformer Model
Weapon Detection	Deep Learning-Powered Intelligent Surveillance for Multi-Class Detection of Weapons and Fire Hazards Embedded Deep Learning–Enabled Autonomous Aerial Surveillance with Contactless Charging for Threat-Level Estimation in Defense Scenarios
Web-based Online Learning Platform
White blood cell classification
Wilcoxon test	Pathway-Centric Identification of Candidate Genes in Lung Adenocarcinoma Using TCGA Dataset
Wind Speed Forecasting	Optimized Autoformer for Long-Term Forecasting of Solar Irradiance and Wind Speed
wind speed prediction	Explainable Machine Learning Framework for Wind Speed Prediction: A Comprehensive Analysis Using Long-Term Meteorological Data
Wireless Power Transfer (WPT)	Solar-Powered Static and Dynamic Wireless Charging for Electric Vehicles: Towards Sustainable Mobility
X
XAI	Explainable Artificial Intelligence For Violence Detection In Surveillance System Attention-Driven Deep Learning for Retinal Disease Diagnosis (RetinaXNet): A DenseNet-MHSA Hybrid Framework with Explainable AI Automated Bladder Tissue Classification Using ViTXception with Explainable AI.
Xception	Beyond the Leaf: Intelligent Lightweight Disease Detection in Tea Plants with Spatial Convolutional Neural Networks and Explainable AI
XGBoost
XOR-based technique
Y
YOLO	DeepSea-Net: A YOLO Based Framework for Real-Time Detection and Classification of Underwater Plastic Pollution Real-Time Crop Disease Detection on Autonomous Drones Using NCNN-Optimized YOLO Models VisuCeram: A Comprehensive Dataset for Sanitary Ware Ceramic Defect Detection with YOLO Models and Benchmarking
YOLO11	SAM-Augmented Blending for Enhanced Microplastic Detection Using YOLO11
YOLOR
YOLOv11n	Embedded Deep Learning–Enabled Autonomous Aerial Surveillance with Contactless Charging for Threat-Level Estimation in Defense Scenarios
Z
Zero-Day Attack Detection	Hybrid Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Dependable IoT Intrusion Detection
zero-day attacks	A Lightweight, Novel Framework for Anomaly Detection in IoMT Networks using Feature-Engineered Autoencoders with SHAP Analysis
Zero-Knowledge Proof	A Privacy-Preserving Personalized Federated Learning Framework with Byzantine Robustness for Healthcare Data

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