SEASON 2025: CONFERENCE OF THE SEARCH ENGINES AND SOCIETY NETWORK

This page contains an index consisting of author-provided keywords.

A
academic search engines	Beyond Topicality: How do Social and Life Scientists select what to read?
Accessible information systems	Towards Inclusive Search: Integrating Language Complexity in Information Retrieval
agnotology	Conceptualising Ignorance Logics in Search — with Examples of Environmental Issues
AI chatbots	Rethinking search intent: from traditional search engines to AI-powered information retrieval
AI overviews	Do They Capture All the Attention? Analyzing Google’s AI Overviews Using Eye-Tracking and Quality Evaluation
AI search engines	SearchBench: Evaluating Citation Practices in AI-Powered Search Engines
Algorithm auditing	Auditing Google's AI Overviews and Featured Snippets: A Case Study on Baby Care and Pregnancy
Algorithmic Bias	Empirically measuring algorithmically embodied emissions of information access systems Bias is in the Eye of the Beholder: How Users Understand Search Engine Bias and How It Affects Trust in Search Results
algorithmic divide	Ambisearchers: Search Modalities and Algorithmic Awareness
Algorithmically Embodied Emissions	Empirically measuring algorithmically embodied emissions of information access systems
Artificial intelligence	Artificial Intelligence and the Transformation of Online Search: Findings from a Study Commissioned by the German State Media Authorities
artificial intelligence	Do They Capture All the Attention? Analyzing Google’s AI Overviews Using Eye-Tracking and Quality Evaluation
artificial personas	Assessing Recommendation Diversity in Search Results: Approaches Using Data Donations and Artificial Personas
Automated text analysis	Detecting Strategic Neologisms in Ideological Online Discourses: A System for Topic and Query Extraction
B
Babycare and Pregnancy information	Auditing Google's AI Overviews and Featured Snippets: A Case Study on Baby Care and Pregnancy
belonging	Exploring the search for home and belonging. Search engines as players on the property market.
Bias	Auditing Bias: Detecting and Quantifying Bias in Search Query Suggestions for US Politicians
bilingual	Global reach and local context: the impact of bilinguality on online search
C
chatgpt	ChatGPT vs Google Search: A topic flow analysis of Reddit discussions
Citation practices	SearchBench: Evaluating Citation Practices in AI-Powered Search Engines
Climate change	Conceptualising Ignorance Logics in Search — with Examples of Environmental Issues Empirically measuring algorithmically embodied emissions of information access systems Planetary Sapience and Speculative Visions of Search Engines
climate denial	Negotiating knowledge by referring to search: exploring the verb ‘to google’ in Swedish online discussions on the climate
climate disinformation	Climate disinformation on Google Search
Cognitive accessibility	Towards Inclusive Search: Integrating Language Complexity in Information Retrieval
Complexity-aware ranking	Towards Inclusive Search: Integrating Language Complexity in Information Retrieval
contested knowledge	Negotiating knowledge by referring to search: exploring the verb ‘to google’ in Swedish online discussions on the climate
contextual integrity	Assessing How Search Engines Affect Democratic Values: An Analysis from the Perspective of Information Ethics
D
Data Discoverability	Enhancing Open Data Findability through Generative AI: A Conceptual Approach to Improving Structured Data Discovery
data donations	Assessing Recommendation Diversity in Search Results: Approaches Using Data Donations and Artificial Personas
Data sovereignty	Reimagining Search: A Privacy-Preserving and Inclusive Infrastructure for Disability Knowledge Retrieval
data visualisation	Re-search.site: a bespoke platform for capturing, comparing and critiquing knowledge infrastructures of searching
Data-to-text	Enhancing Open Data Findability through Generative AI: A Conceptual Approach to Improving Structured Data Discovery
decentralization	Decentralizing Web Search: the PeARS search engine
Decentralized information retrieval	Reimagining Search: A Privacy-Preserving and Inclusive Infrastructure for Disability Knowledge Retrieval
Devices	Visualizing social memory – How visual search engines structure the social memory
Digital inclusion	Reimagining Search: A Privacy-Preserving and Inclusive Infrastructure for Disability Knowledge Retrieval
Digital infrastructure	Reclaiming Search: Ecosia and the Shifting Moral Economy of Digital Infrastructure
Digital Nationalism	“Be like others”: On what search engines tell us about our nations
Digital platforms	Algorithmic Masculinity – Encounters with the Manosphere
digital property markets	Exploring the search for home and belonging. Search engines as players on the property market.
Direct Democracies	How search engines frame political initiatives
Disability knowledge retrieval	Reimagining Search: A Privacy-Preserving and Inclusive Infrastructure for Disability Knowledge Retrieval
discussions	ChatGPT vs Google Search: A topic flow analysis of Reddit discussions
Diversity of information	Artificial Intelligence and the Transformation of Online Search: Findings from a Study Commissioned by the German State Media Authorities
dreams	Exploring the search for home and belonging. Search engines as players on the property market.
E
E-fatigue	Gerontological Perspectives on Technostress and E-Fatigue Among University of the Philippines Diliman Librarians: Insights on Their Use of Search Engines
e-government	What Citizens Search and Municipal Websites Offer
Economic aspects	Artificial Intelligence and the Transformation of Online Search: Findings from a Study Commissioned by the German State Media Authorities
Ecosia	Reclaiming Search: Ecosia and the Shifting Moral Economy of Digital Infrastructure
Education	Educational consequences of the changing landscape of searching Are schools suitable for information literacy education? Critical reflections and perspectives from Danish lower secondary school ReSearch: Researching the transforming landscape of information seeking – AI technologies and learning in Swedish schools
Elo Rating	Auditing Bias: Detecting and Quantifying Bias in Search Query Suggestions for US Politicians
Emancipatory Information Ecosystem	Web Search on Emerging Topics
Emerging Topics	Web Search on Emerging Topics
Empirical AI ethics	Reimagining Search: A Privacy-Preserving and Inclusive Infrastructure for Disability Knowledge Retrieval
Environmental ethics	Reclaiming Search: Ecosia and the Shifting Moral Economy of Digital Infrastructure
Epistemic Uncertainty	From Validity to Inter-Subjectivity: An Argument for Reliability Signals in Search Environments
ethics	Decentralizing Web Search: the PeARS search engine
ethics-by-design	Ethics-by-design: A values framework for open web search
eye-tracking	Do They Capture All the Attention? Analyzing Google’s AI Overviews Using Eye-Tracking and Quality Evaluation
F
FAIR Metrics	NPDS FAIR Search Engines with Interoperable Exchange of the Free Flow of Findable Facts in Open Collaboration Networks
Featured snippets	Auditing Google's AI Overviews and Featured Snippets: A Case Study on Baby Care and Pregnancy
frame theory	Climate disinformation on Google Search
Framing	How search engines frame political initiatives
G
GenAI	Re-search.site: a bespoke platform for capturing, comparing and critiquing knowledge infrastructures of searching
gender bias	Invisible in Search? Auditing Gender Bias in the Visual Representation of Holocaust Victims on Google
Generative AI	Educational consequences of the changing landscape of searching ReSearch: Researching the transforming landscape of information seeking – AI technologies and learning in Swedish schools
Generative AI	Enhancing Open Data Findability through Generative AI: A Conceptual Approach to Improving Structured Data Discovery
Generative search engines	Auditing Google's AI Overviews and Featured Snippets: A Case Study on Baby Care and Pregnancy
Gerontology	Gerontological Perspectives on Technostress and E-Fatigue Among University of the Philippines Diliman Librarians: Insights on Their Use of Search Engines
Google	Auditing what the algorithm pays attention to at the time of war: How image search framed the Russian-Ukrainian war before and after the 2022 invasion How search engines frame political initiatives
Google	Invisible in Search? Auditing Gender Bias in the Visual Representation of Holocaust Victims on Google ChatGPT vs Google Search: A topic flow analysis of Reddit discussions Do They Capture All the Attention? Analyzing Google’s AI Overviews Using Eye-Tracking and Quality Evaluation
Google AI Overviews	Auditing Google's AI Overviews and Featured Snippets: A Case Study on Baby Care and Pregnancy
Google Search	Climate disinformation on Google Search
greenwashing	Climate disinformation on Google Search
Group Fairness	Auditing Bias: Detecting and Quantifying Bias in Search Query Suggestions for US Politicians
H
Hands-on Workshop	Search Engine Ethics and You: Co-Designing Tools for Public Engagement
health information	Effect of search engine optimisation on reliable healthcare information online | Healthcare SEO
healthcare seo	Effect of search engine optimisation on reliable healthcare information online | Healthcare SEO
hemnet	Exploring the search for home and belonging. Search engines as players on the property market.
hitta.se	Exploring the search for home and belonging. Search engines as players on the property market.
Holocaust	Invisible in Search? Auditing Gender Bias in the Visual Representation of Holocaust Victims on Google
home	Exploring the search for home and belonging. Search engines as players on the property market.
home-making	Exploring the search for home and belonging. Search engines as players on the property market.
human-centered design	Rethinking search intent: from traditional search engines to AI-powered information retrieval
I
Identity	Algorithmic Masculinity – Encounters with the Manosphere
ignorance	Conceptualising Ignorance Logics in Search — with Examples of Environmental Issues
image	Invisible in Search? Auditing Gender Bias in the Visual Representation of Holocaust Victims on Google Auditing what the algorithm pays attention to at the time of war: How image search framed the Russian-Ukrainian war before and after the 2022 invasion
image classification	Investigating the Reinforcement of Social Norms in Image Search Results
image search results	Investigating the Reinforcement of Social Norms in Image Search Results
Inclusive search	Towards Inclusive Search: Integrating Language Complexity in Information Retrieval
Inclusive search infrastructure	Reimagining Search: A Privacy-Preserving and Inclusive Infrastructure for Disability Knowledge Retrieval
indexing	Decentralizing Web Search: the PeARS search engine
Inequality	Visualizing social memory – How visual search engines structure the social memory
Information	Planetary Sapience and Speculative Visions of Search Engines
Information Accessibility	Enhancing Open Data Findability through Generative AI: A Conceptual Approach to Improving Structured Data Discovery
Information Ecosystem	Absent Links: LLMs, Search Infrastructures, and the Information Ecosystem
information ethics	Assessing How Search Engines Affect Democratic Values: An Analysis from the Perspective of Information Ethics
Information infrastructures	Algorithmic Masculinity – Encounters with the Manosphere
information intermediary	Assessing How Search Engines Affect Democratic Values: An Analysis from the Perspective of Information Ethics
information literacy	Ambisearchers: Search Modalities and Algorithmic Awareness
information literacy	Are schools suitable for information literacy education? Critical reflections and perspectives from Danish lower secondary school
Information quality	Auditing Google's AI Overviews and Featured Snippets: A Case Study on Baby Care and Pregnancy Do They Capture All the Attention? Analyzing Google’s AI Overviews Using Eye-Tracking and Quality Evaluation
Information reliability	SearchBench: Evaluating Citation Practices in AI-Powered Search Engines
Information Reliability	From Validity to Inter-Subjectivity: An Argument for Reliability Signals in Search Environments
information retreival	Climate disinformation on Google Search
Information retrieval	Auditing Google's AI Overviews and Featured Snippets: A Case Study on Baby Care and Pregnancy Towards Inclusive Search: Integrating Language Complexity in Information Retrieval
information seeking	Climate disinformation on Google Search
information-seeking	What Citizens Search and Municipal Websites Offer
Informed Citizenry	Web Search on Emerging Topics
intent classification	Rethinking search intent: from traditional search engines to AI-powered information retrieval
intent taxonomy	Rethinking search intent: from traditional search engines to AI-powered information retrieval
Inter-Subjective Validity	From Validity to Inter-Subjectivity: An Argument for Reliability Signals in Search Environments
interoperable data records	NPDS FAIR Search Engines with Interoperable Exchange of the Free Flow of Findable Facts in Open Collaboration Networks
K
Keyword extraction	Detecting Strategic Neologisms in Ideological Online Discourses: A System for Topic and Query Extraction
Knowledge Context	From Validity to Inter-Subjectivity: An Argument for Reliability Signals in Search Environments
knowledge infrastructures	Re-search.site: a bespoke platform for capturing, comparing and critiquing knowledge infrastructures of searching
knowledge logics	Conceptualising Ignorance Logics in Search — with Examples of Environmental Issues
L
Language complexity	Towards Inclusive Search: Integrating Language Complexity in Information Retrieval
languages	Global reach and local context: the impact of bilinguality on online search
Large Language Models	Auditing Google's AI Overviews and Featured Snippets: A Case Study on Baby Care and Pregnancy Auditing Bias: Detecting and Quantifying Bias in Search Query Suggestions for US Politicians
library	Assessing How Search Engines Affect Democratic Values: An Analysis from the Perspective of Information Ethics
Library search system	Query Log Analysis on an Academic Search Portal for Economics and Business Studies
Linguistic accessibility	Towards Inclusive Search: Integrating Language Complexity in Information Retrieval
Literacy	ReSearch: Researching the transforming landscape of information seeking – AI technologies and learning in Swedish schools
LLMs	Absent Links: LLMs, Search Infrastructures, and the Information Ecosystem
M
medical information	Effect of search engine optimisation on reliable healthcare information online | Healthcare SEO
medical seo	Effect of search engine optimisation on reliable healthcare information online | Healthcare SEO
memory	Invisible in Search? Auditing Gender Bias in the Visual Representation of Holocaust Victims on Google
mixed methods	Reflecting on search histories: a survey design to uncover users’ cognitive and motivational processes How search engines frame political initiatives
municipal website	What Citizens Search and Municipal Websites Offer
N
Natural Language Generation	Enhancing Open Data Findability through Generative AI: A Conceptual Approach to Improving Structured Data Discovery
Neologism identification	Detecting Strategic Neologisms in Ideological Online Discourses: A System for Topic and Query Extraction
normative beauty ideals	Investigating the Reinforcement of Social Norms in Image Search Results
NPDS Cyberinfrastructure	NPDS FAIR Search Engines with Interoperable Exchange of the Free Flow of Findable Facts in Open Collaboration Networks
O
online search	Global reach and local context: the impact of bilinguality on online search
Open Government Data	Enhancing Open Data Findability through Generative AI: A Conceptual Approach to Improving Structured Data Discovery
open web index	Ethics-by-design: A values framework for open web search
P
patient information	Effect of search engine optimisation on reliable healthcare information online | Healthcare SEO
PDP-DREAM Software	NPDS FAIR Search Engines with Interoperable Exchange of the Free Flow of Findable Facts in Open Collaboration Networks
Planetary boundaries	Planetary Sapience and Speculative Visions of Search Engines
Platform governance	Reclaiming Search: Ecosia and the Shifting Moral Economy of Digital Infrastructure
Political Bias	Auditing Bias: Detecting and Quantifying Bias in Search Query Suggestions for US Politicians
PORTAL-DOORS Project	NPDS FAIR Search Engines with Interoperable Exchange of the Free Flow of Findable Facts in Open Collaboration Networks
Privacy-preserving search	Reimagining Search: A Privacy-Preserving and Inclusive Infrastructure for Disability Knowledge Retrieval
public and commercial data	Exploring the search for home and belonging. Search engines as players on the property market.
Public Understanding	Search Engine Ethics and You: Co-Designing Tools for Public Engagement
public values	Bias is in the Eye of the Beholder: How Users Understand Search Engine Bias and How It Affects Trust in Search Results
Q
qualitative analysis	Rethinking search intent: from traditional search engines to AI-powered information retrieval
Quality of Information	Ranking of Wikipedia Articles in Search Engines. Partial replication of the study ”Ranking of Wikipedia articles revisited” from 2011
Query Characteristics	Auditing Google's AI Overviews and Featured Snippets: A Case Study on Baby Care and Pregnancy
Query log analysis	Query Log Analysis on an Academic Search Portal for Economics and Business Studies
R
ranking	Climate disinformation on Google Search
real-estate	Exploring the search for home and belonging. Search engines as players on the property market.
real-estate market	Exploring the search for home and belonging. Search engines as players on the property market.
recommendation diversity	Assessing Recommendation Diversity in Search Results: Approaches Using Data Donations and Artificial Personas
relevance criteria	Beyond Topicality: How do Social and Life Scientists select what to read?
relevance evaluation	Beyond Topicality: How do Social and Life Scientists select what to read?
Relevance Study	Ranking of Wikipedia Articles in Search Engines. Partial replication of the study ”Ranking of Wikipedia articles revisited” from 2011
Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)	SearchBench: Evaluating Citation Practices in AI-Powered Search Engines
Retrieval Study	Ranking of Wikipedia Articles in Search Engines. Partial replication of the study ”Ranking of Wikipedia articles revisited” from 2011
Russia	Auditing what the algorithm pays attention to at the time of war: How image search framed the Russian-Ukrainian war before and after the 2022 invasion
S
school	Are schools suitable for information literacy education? Critical reflections and perspectives from Danish lower secondary school
scientific disciplines	Beyond Topicality: How do Social and Life Scientists select what to read?
search	Decentralizing Web Search: the PeARS search engine Ethics-by-design: A values framework for open web search
search	From Validity to Inter-Subjectivity: An Argument for Reliability Signals in Search Environments Re-search.site: a bespoke platform for capturing, comparing and critiquing knowledge infrastructures of searching
search behavior	Reflecting on search histories: a survey design to uncover users’ cognitive and motivational processes
search engine	Global reach and local context: the impact of bilinguality on online search Auditing what the algorithm pays attention to at the time of war: How image search framed the Russian-Ukrainian war before and after the 2022 invasion
search engine	Assessing How Search Engines Affect Democratic Values: An Analysis from the Perspective of Information Ethics Climate disinformation on Google Search
search engine accountability	NPDS FAIR Search Engines with Interoperable Exchange of the Free Flow of Findable Facts in Open Collaboration Networks
Search engine evaluation	Auditing Google's AI Overviews and Featured Snippets: A Case Study on Baby Care and Pregnancy
search engine use	Negotiating knowledge by referring to search: exploring the verb ‘to google’ in Swedish online discussions on the climate
Search engines	Ambisearchers: Search Modalities and Algorithmic Awareness Empirically measuring algorithmically embodied emissions of information access systems “Be like others”: On what search engines tell us about our nations Artificial Intelligence and the Transformation of Online Search: Findings from a Study Commissioned by the German State Media Authorities Planetary Sapience and Speculative Visions of Search Engines Bias is in the Eye of the Beholder: How Users Understand Search Engine Bias and How It Affects Trust in Search Results
search engines	Rethinking search intent: from traditional search engines to AI-powered information retrieval Do They Capture All the Attention? Analyzing Google’s AI Overviews Using Eye-Tracking and Quality Evaluation
Search engines ecology	Reclaiming Search: Ecosia and the Shifting Moral Economy of Digital Infrastructure
search engines in everyday life	Exploring the search for home and belonging. Search engines as players on the property market.
search history reflection	Reflecting on search histories: a survey design to uncover users’ cognitive and motivational processes
search intent	Rethinking search intent: from traditional search engines to AI-powered information retrieval
search modality	Ambisearchers: Search Modalities and Algorithmic Awareness
Search practices	Algorithmic Masculinity – Encounters with the Manosphere
Search Query Suggestions	Auditing Bias: Detecting and Quantifying Bias in Search Query Suggestions for US Politicians
search results	Assessing Recommendation Diversity in Search Results: Approaches Using Data Donations and Artificial Personas
Searching	Educational consequences of the changing landscape of searching ReSearch: Researching the transforming landscape of information seeking – AI technologies and learning in Swedish schools
Situated Knowledges	Absent Links: LLMs, Search Infrastructures, and the Information Ecosystem
Social and Ethical Impacts of Search Engines	Search Engine Ethics and You: Co-Designing Tools for Public Engagement
Social media	Educational consequences of the changing landscape of searching
Social memory	Visualizing social memory – How visual search engines structure the social memory
societal values	Assessing How Search Engines Affect Democratic Values: An Analysis from the Perspective of Information Ethics
Society	“Be like others”: On what search engines tell us about our nations
sorting	Exploring the search for home and belonging. Search engines as players on the property market.
Speculation	Planetary Sapience and Speculative Visions of Search Engines
Structured Data	Enhancing Open Data Findability through Generative AI: A Conceptual Approach to Improving Structured Data Discovery
survey	Bias is in the Eye of the Beholder: How Users Understand Search Engine Bias and How It Affects Trust in Search Results
survey design	Reflecting on search histories: a survey design to uncover users’ cognitive and motivational processes
survey methodology	Rethinking search intent: from traditional search engines to AI-powered information retrieval
Sustainability	Empirically measuring algorithmically embodied emissions of information access systems
T
Technology	“Be like others”: On what search engines tell us about our nations
Technosocial Cultures	“Be like others”: On what search engines tell us about our nations
Technosocial societies	How search engines frame political initiatives
Technostress	Gerontological Perspectives on Technostress and E-Fatigue Among University of the Philippines Diliman Librarians: Insights on Their Use of Search Engines
Text difficulty estimation	Towards Inclusive Search: Integrating Language Complexity in Information Retrieval
The Manosphere	Algorithmic Masculinity – Encounters with the Manosphere
topic model	ChatGPT vs Google Search: A topic flow analysis of Reddit discussions
topicality	Beyond Topicality: How do Social and Life Scientists select what to read?
trust in platforms	Bias is in the Eye of the Beholder: How Users Understand Search Engine Bias and How It Affects Trust in Search Results
U
Ukraine	Auditing what the algorithm pays attention to at the time of war: How image search framed the Russian-Ukrainian war before and after the 2022 invasion
US Politics	Auditing Bias: Detecting and Quantifying Bias in Search Query Suggestions for US Politicians
User behavior	Query Log Analysis on an Academic Search Portal for Economics and Business Studies Do They Capture All the Attention? Analyzing Google’s AI Overviews Using Eye-Tracking and Quality Evaluation
user intent	Rethinking search intent: from traditional search engines to AI-powered information retrieval
user motivation	Reflecting on search histories: a survey design to uncover users’ cognitive and motivational processes
user-centered design	Reflecting on search histories: a survey design to uncover users’ cognitive and motivational processes
Utopias	Planetary Sapience and Speculative Visions of Search Engines
V
values compass	Ethics-by-design: A values framework for open web search
Visual search engine	Visualizing social memory – How visual search engines structure the social memory
W
war	Auditing what the algorithm pays attention to at the time of war: How image search framed the Russian-Ukrainian war before and after the 2022 invasion
Web scraping and crawling	Detecting Strategic Neologisms in Ideological Online Discourses: A System for Topic and Query Extraction
Web Search	Web Search on Emerging Topics
Wikipedia	Ranking of Wikipedia Articles in Search Engines. Partial replication of the study ”Ranking of Wikipedia articles revisited” from 2011
Y
Yandex	Auditing what the algorithm pays attention to at the time of war: How image search framed the Russian-Ukrainian war before and after the 2022 invasion
Young people	Algorithmic Masculinity – Encounters with the Manosphere

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