SAUPEC 2025: SAUPEC 2025

This page contains an index consisting of author-provided keywords.

A
AC	Design and Modelling of an AC Lighting Brightness Adjusting System for Energy Conservation
AC Machines	Rotor Poles Analysis of a Novel Wound Field Flux Switching Machine with π-Shaped Stator
active distribution network planning	Towards Dynamic Probabilistic Load Models for Active Distribution Network Planning
active distribution networks	A Deterministic Approach in Controlling and Optimizing Demand-Side Resources in Active Distribution Networks
adaptive systems	Smart Traffic Control Using Computational Algorithms and IoT
Advanced Forecasting Models	A Hybrid Approach to Virtual Power Plants: Integrating Renewables, BESS and Forecasting in South African Smart Grids
Advanced technologies	A Comprehensive Review of Machine Learning Algorithms in Optimizing Power Consumption in Smart Buildings
Africa	African Space Station(s) and the Power Problem
Agriculture	The State of Biogas Energy use in South Africa
AI	Predictive modelling based on transformer oil data for power system planning and operation
AMR	Privacy and Security for AMR Applications and in Smart Grid
Anomaly Detection	A Deep Learning Approach for the Detection of Surge Events in Metal Oxide Surge Arresters
Arc Flash	Proactive Arc Flash Mitigation in MV and LV Electrical Systems: Evaluating Protection Coordination, Modern Detection Systems, and Busbar Configuration on Arc Flash Incident Energy
artificial intelligence	Partial Discharge Source Classification Using Machine Learning Algorithms Li-bearing Mineral Bio-floatation And Phase Transformation For Readiness Of use In Energy Storage Devices And Systems: A Review Predictive modelling based on transformer oil data for power system planning and operation
Artificial Intelligence Processing	Networks and Smart Grids for Future Data Centres
Artificial Neural Network	Detection of Broken Rotor Bars in Induction Motor using Supervised Machine Learning Methods Design and Modelling of a Machine Learning Based Face Recognition Model for Access Control in an Electrical Plant Control Room A comparative study on the accuracy of the conventional DGA techniques and Artificial Neural Network classifiers of faults in oil filled power transformers Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Voltage Swell Peak Amplitude in Grid-tied Photovoltaic Systems Design and modeling of a Deep Learning Hybrid Fruit Disease Classification-Sorting Model
Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)	A Review of Model-free AGC Control Strategies in Renewable Energy Dominated Power Systems
Atmospheric electric field	How Often Does The Electric Field Mill Predict An Actual Thunderstorm?
Attractive Radius	A Case Study Analysis of The Relationship Between Lightning Mast Height and Frequency of Flashes
Automatic Generation Control (AGC)	A Review of Model-free AGC Control Strategies in Renewable Energy Dominated Power Systems
automatic tap changer	IEC61850 GOOSE message application for a power transformer voltage control
Automation	A practical evaluation of an IEC 61499 standard-based Low-Cost Gateway for photovoltaic power plants
average current mode	The Effect of Control Strategy on Voltage Stability in DC Micro-grids Operating with Constant Power Loads
B
backlash-like hysteresis	Improvement of Proportional-Integral-Derivative Control for Time-Delay Nonlinear Systems by a Time-Delay Estimation Method
battery energy storage	Optimization of Load Frequency Control using Zebra Optimization Algorithm in Renewable Energy Integrated Power System Impact of an electric vehicle, solar PV, and battery energy storage system in a distribution system
Battery energy storage system	Improving voltage stability of a power system network using battery energy storage system (BESS) Optimal Design of Islanded Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for Electric Vehicle Charging in Different Geographical Locations in South Africa Integration of Electric Vehicle Ultra-Fast Charging Stations with Battery Energy Storage System and Solar Photovoltaic through a Medium Voltage Direct Current Distribution Network Techno Economic analysis of Solar PV with Storage
Battery Energy Storage Systems	Optimal Placement of Battery Energy Storage System for Voltage Profile Improvement and Reduction of Power Losses A Review of the Most Recent Developments in Sodium-ion Batteries Techno-Economic benefits of a Microgrid in a Seaport and its Impact on Port Expansion – The Port of Cape Town A Hybrid Approach to Virtual Power Plants: Integrating Renewables, BESS and Forecasting in South African Smart Grids
Battery energy system storage	Enhancing Grid Resilience Through Hybrid Renewable Energy systems. Challenges. Control Strategies, and Future Directions: A review
Battery Storage	Evaluating Sodium Ion Batteries (SiB) and its Applications
BESS	Multi-criteria Design of a Minigrid System: a Case Study of the Tsumkwe Plant in Namibia
beta PDF	Towards Dynamic Probabilistic Load Models for Active Distribution Network Planning
bio-floatation	Li-bearing Mineral Bio-floatation And Phase Transformation For Readiness Of use In Energy Storage Devices And Systems: A Review
Biogas	The State of Biogas Energy use in South Africa
Bipolar transistor circuits	Experimental Comparison of Negative Capacitance Behaviour In Discrete Commonly Available Si Based Diode Connected MOSFETs and BJTs
Bivariate Statistical Analysis	Statistical Analysis of Low-Voltage Varistor Clamping Voltage Variability under Switching Surges
BLDC motor	Modeling and Simulating more efficient and reliable fuel cell vehicles through enhancing the integration of the 6kW PEM fuel cell stack with DC/DC boost converter and BLDC motor
Blockchain energy trading	An Overview of Machine Learning Applications in Blockchain for Green Energy Exchanges
Boiler Efficiency	Design and manufacturing of a customised economiser for a maximised boiler efficiency
Breakdown Strength	The Effect of Dissolved Gases on the Breakdown Strength of Ester Transformer Oil
Broken rotor bars	Detection of Broken Rotor Bars in Induction Motor using Supervised Machine Learning Methods
bundle conductors	Corona-free Line Hardware for 1000 kV HVDC Test Facility Corona-free Bundle Conductor for 1000 kV HVDC Test Facility
bus support	Corona-free Hardware for Bus Support Post Insulators 1000 kV HVDC test Facility
Bypass diodes	The Effect of Shading on the Performance of Photovoltaic Panels
C
Capacitance - voltage characteristics	Experimental Comparison of Negative Capacitance Behaviour In Discrete Commonly Available Si Based Diode Connected MOSFETs and BJTs
Carging infrastructure	A Review of Reliability Evaluation Methods for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
Cash Flow Analysis	Economic and Sustainability Analysis of a Microgrid Design Integrating Photovoltaics, Energy Storage, and Combined Heat and Power
Cattle Theft Detection	IoT-Enabled Smart Collar for Cattle Theft Detection and Monitoring: Design and Investigation
Cellular Networks	IoT-Enabled Smart Collar for Cattle Theft Detection and Monitoring: Design and Investigation
Cellulose Degradation	The Effect of Dissolved Gases on the Breakdown Strength of Ester Transformer Oil
charging station	Assessing the Economic Viability of Vehicle-to-grid in South Africa
Circular Economy	Repurposing and Circular Economy of Material Recovered from a Vehicle Retrofitting Model: A Homologation-Centered Approach for Non-Mediterranean Africa
Civilian Applications	African Space Station(s) and the Power Problem
Clamping Voltage Ratio	Statistical Analysis of Low-Voltage Varistor Clamping Voltage Variability under Switching Surges
clap switch	Low-cost Approach to Design ESD Protection Circuit for a Clap Switch
Class Imbalanced	Electrical Grid Stability Prediction with In-Bag and Out-of-Bag Estimates on Imbalanced Dataset
Classic PID	The Use of ESD’s within Hybrid Microgrid Technology
classifier algorithm	Partial Discharge Source Classification Using Machine Learning Algorithms
climate change	Energizing Change: Policy Innovations for a Low-Carbon Future
Clustering	Strategic Placement and Sizing of Electric Minibus Taxi Charging Stations in Stellenbosch
Combined star-pentagon	Performance Evaluation of a Combined Star-Pentagon Connected Five-Phase Induction Machine with a Stator Coil Fault
Communication	Privacy and Security for AMR Applications and in Smart Grid
community awareness	Community Awareness and Perception of Electricity Theft: A Survey-Based Study with Audit Insights
community renewable energy	Empowering Communities through Renewable Energy Sharing: An Energy Policy Perspective Review
Comparative analysis	Comparative Energy and Economic Analysis of Hyundai Kona EV With Toyota Corolla 2008 Model
Computing	Multi-Disciplinary Paradigm for Enhancing Energy Security in Super grids
Concentrated Solar-Thermal Power	A Design Optimisation of Green Hydrogen Production in South Africa Using Concentrated Solar-Thermal Power
condition monitoring	Intelligent Condition Monitoring of Power Transformers via Machine Learning Predictive modelling based on transformer oil data for power system planning and operation
congestion management	Smart Traffic Control Using Computational Algorithms and IoT
constant power loads	The Effect of Control Strategy on Voltage Stability in DC Micro-grids Operating with Constant Power Loads
contingency events	Exploring Voltage Stability Index for Effective Load Shedding in Power Systems During Contingencies: An In-depth Review
control	The Effect of Control Strategy on Voltage Stability in DC Micro-grids Operating with Constant Power Loads
corona discharge	Corona-free Hardware for Bus Support Post Insulators 1000 kV HVDC test Facility Corona-free Line Hardware for 1000 kV HVDC Test Facility Corona-free Bundle Conductor for 1000 kV HVDC Test Facility
corona inception	Corona-free Hardware for Bus Support Post Insulators 1000 kV HVDC test Facility Corona-free Line Hardware for 1000 kV HVDC Test Facility Corona-free Bundle Conductor for 1000 kV HVDC Test Facility
corona performance	Corona-free Hardware for Bus Support Post Insulators 1000 kV HVDC test Facility Corona-free Line Hardware for 1000 kV HVDC Test Facility Corona-free Bundle Conductor for 1000 kV HVDC Test Facility
CubeSats	A REVIEW OF SATELLITE POWER GENERATION : A SUSTAINABLE SOLUTION FOR CUBESATS ENERGY CHALLENGES
customer load classification	Towards Dynamic Probabilistic Load Models for Active Distribution Network Planning
Customised Economiser	Design and manufacturing of a customised economiser for a maximised boiler efficiency
CVM	A Case Study Analysis of The Relationship Between Lightning Mast Height and Frequency of Flashes
D
damage to masonry	Forensic Analysis of Lightning Damage to Masonry
Dashboard	Predictive modelling based on transformer oil data for power system planning and operation
Data Centers	Networks and Smart Grids for Future Data Centres
Data Collection	Voltage Unbalance Performance Analysis in Distribution Networks
Data driven control	A Review On Data Driven Control Techniques Within Industrial Heating Furnaces
Data Processing	Networks and Smart Grids for Future Data Centres
Data Storage	Networks and Smart Grids for Future Data Centres
DC convertors	A REVIEW OF SATELLITE POWER GENERATION : A SUSTAINABLE SOLUTION FOR CUBESATS ENERGY CHALLENGES
DC grid	Evaluation of Small-Scale Ferrite and Rare-Earth Permanent Magnet Wind Generators for Direct Battery Charging
DC offset	Effects of DC offset and tail on Relay Performance: Field Experience
DC tail	Effects of DC offset and tail on Relay Performance: Field Experience
decarbonization	Integration of Electric Vehicle Ultra-Fast Charging Stations with Battery Energy Storage System and Solar Photovoltaic through a Medium Voltage Direct Current Distribution Network
Decision tree model	Forecasting the Internal Temperature of Metal Oxide Surge Arresters Using A Sliding Window Approach and Decision Tree Algorithm
Decision Trees	Detection of Broken Rotor Bars in Induction Motor using Supervised Machine Learning Methods
Deep Learning	A Deep Learning Approach for the Detection of Surge Events in Metal Oxide Surge Arresters Design and Modelling of a Machine Learning Based Face Recognition Model for Access Control in an Electrical Plant Control Room Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Voltage Swell Peak Amplitude in Grid-tied Photovoltaic Systems Design and modeling of a Deep Learning Hybrid Fruit Disease Classification-Sorting Model
Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL)	A Review of Model-free AGC Control Strategies in Renewable Energy Dominated Power Systems
Degradation Assessment	Statistical Analysis of Low-Voltage Varistor Clamping Voltage Variability under Switching Surges
Demagnetization	Effect of Magnet Dimensions on the Perfomance of Variable Flux PM Machines
Demand Response	The value of Demand Response in South Africa's electric power system
demand side management	Investigating the Feasibility of Multi Storey Apartment PV Systems Supplying Electrical Hot-Water Geysers Impact of PHEV operating conditions and demand side management on economic operation of a community microgrid system
demand side resources	A Deterministic Approach in Controlling and Optimizing Demand-Side Resources in Active Distribution Networks
deregulated power systems	A comprehensive review of load frequency control of decentralized networks
Design optimization	Performance Analysis of a Self-Excited Synchro-nous Reluctance Generator with an Optimized Slitted-Rotor Core
DFT	Rational Approximation in the Frequency Domain for Modeling Currents Recorded in Power Systems
DGA	A comparative study on the accuracy of the conventional DGA techniques and Artificial Neural Network classifiers of faults in oil filled power transformers
Diesel engine	Combination of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) with Diesel Engines for Emission Reduction and Enhanced Energy Efficiency: A Review
digital fault records	Rational Approximation in the Frequency Domain for Modeling Currents Recorded in Power Systems
diode rectifier	Power Factor Analysis of Diode-Rectifier-Connected Permanent Magnet Synchronous Wind Generator
Direct drive	Modeling and Design of a Low-Speed Direct Drive Rare-Earth Free Flux Reversal Machines for High Power Wind Turbines
Dissolved Gas Analysis	The Application of Regularization to Improve the Performance of Neural Network Multiclassification Model to Classify Transformer Faults via Dissolved Gas Analysis
Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA)	The Effect of Dissolved Gases on the Breakdown Strength of Ester Transformer Oil
Distance	Distance Protection Application for 33kV Traction Network
distributed control	A practical evaluation of an IEC 61499 standard-based Low-Cost Gateway for photovoltaic power plants
distributed energy resource	A practical evaluation of an IEC 61499 standard-based Low-Cost Gateway for photovoltaic power plants
distributed energy resources	Load-profile based sizing method for distributed energy resources in industrial microgrids Regulatory Innovation as a Catalyst for Energy Market Transformation
distributed generation	Key Elements in Stochastic Hosting Capacity Assessment Frameworks: A Review
Distributed generator	Optimization strategy for determining location, sizing, and planning horizon to accommodate diverse load growth in the distribution system
distribution	Integration of Electric Vehicle Ultra-Fast Charging Stations with Battery Energy Storage System and Solar Photovoltaic through a Medium Voltage Direct Current Distribution Network
Distribution line protection	Distance Protection Application for 33kV Traction Network
Distribution Network Reconfiguration	Distribution Network Reconfiguration using the Cuckoo Search Algorithm
Distribution system	Optimization strategy for determining location, sizing, and planning horizon to accommodate diverse load growth in the distribution system
distribution system operators	Exploring Opportunities in Municipal-Owned Generation: Technology, Ownership, and Operations Considerations
Distribution Transformers	Advances in smart metering for the monitoring of distribution transformers
disturbance analysis and investigation	Rational Approximation in the Frequency Domain for Modeling Currents Recorded in Power Systems
Double stator	Analysis of Different Winding Configurations of Double Stator Wound Field Flux Switching Motor
drag reduction system	Drag Reduction System & Rear Wing Support Structure
Dynamic voltage restorer	Impact of Dynamic Voltage Restorer in Power Quality Disturbances Mitigation in Municipal Distribution Systems
E
e-mobility	Electric vehicles for grid flexibility
Economic Feasibility	Economic and Sustainability Analysis of a Microgrid Design Integrating Photovoltaics, Energy Storage, and Combined Heat and Power
Efficiency	A Design Optimisation of Green Hydrogen Production in South Africa Using Concentrated Solar-Thermal Power Enhancing Green Hydrogen Production and Sustainability
electric field	Corona-free Hardware for Bus Support Post Insulators 1000 kV HVDC test Facility Corona-free Line Hardware for 1000 kV HVDC Test Facility Corona-free Bundle Conductor for 1000 kV HVDC Test Facility
Electric field mill	How Often Does The Electric Field Mill Predict An Actual Thunderstorm?
Electric Machines	Rotor Poles Analysis of a Novel Wound Field Flux Switching Machine with π-Shaped Stator
Electric Retrofitting	Powertrain Sizing for a Retrofit Zero Emission Vehicle using Vehicular Dynamics: An Intercampus Test Scenario Case
Electric vehicle	Energy-Efficient Slip-Based Feedback Linearization for Electric Vehicles Prototyped by a DC Motor-Powered Quarter-Car Assessing the Economic Viability of Vehicle-to-grid in South Africa Impact of an electric vehicle, solar PV, and battery energy storage system in a distribution system Comparative Energy and Economic Analysis of Hyundai Kona EV With Toyota Corolla 2008 Model Electric vehicles for grid flexibility
Electric vehicle battery swapping station	Optimal power dispatch of solar PV-battery storage system for electric vehicle battery swapping stations under grid scheduled load-shedding
electric vehicle charging station	Strategic Placement and Sizing of Electric Minibus Taxi Charging Stations in Stellenbosch Optimal Design of Islanded Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for Electric Vehicle Charging in Different Geographical Locations in South Africa
Electric Vehicle Homologation	Repurposing and Circular Economy of Material Recovered from a Vehicle Retrofitting Model: A Homologation-Centered Approach for Non-Mediterranean Africa
Electric Vehicle Retrofitting	Repurposing and Circular Economy of Material Recovered from a Vehicle Retrofitting Model: A Homologation-Centered Approach for Non-Mediterranean Africa
electric vehicles	Optimal Design of Islanded Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for Electric Vehicle Charging in Different Geographical Locations in South Africa Integration of Electric Vehicle Ultra-Fast Charging Stations with Battery Energy Storage System and Solar Photovoltaic through a Medium Voltage Direct Current Distribution Network A Review of Reliability Evaluation Methods for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
Electrical distribution system	Systematic Development and Testing of an Overcurrent Protection-based Power Redirection Technique for an Electrical Distribution System
Electrical Grid Stability	Electrical Grid Stability Prediction with In-Bag and Out-of-Bag Estimates on Imbalanced Dataset
electrical system reliability	Systematic Development and Testing of an Overcurrent Protection-based Power Redirection Technique for an Electrical Distribution System
electricity grid	Solar PV Grid-Connected System Analysis for Midlands State University, Zimbabwe
electricity market	Assessing the Economic Viability of Vehicle-to-grid in South Africa
Electricity theft	Community Awareness and Perception of Electricity Theft: A Survey-Based Study with Audit Insights
Electrolyser	The Design Optimisation of a Solar PV plant to power an Electrolyser for Green Hydrogen Production Enhancing Green Hydrogen Production and Sustainability
electrolysis	The Design Optimisation of a Solar PV plant to power an Electrolyser for Green Hydrogen Production Appraising the Benefits of Investing in Green Hydrogen in Sub-Saharan Africa's Energy Mix
Electrostatic discharge	Low-cost Approach to Design ESD Protection Circuit for a Clap Switch
embedded generation	Exploring Opportunities in Municipal-Owned Generation: Technology, Ownership, and Operations Considerations Estimating the Installed Capacity of Rooftop Solar Photovoltaics: a Case Study
Emission control	Combination of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) with Diesel Engines for Emission Reduction and Enhanced Energy Efficiency: A Review
energy	Solar PV Grid-Connected System Analysis for Midlands State University, Zimbabwe A Comprehensive Review of Machine Learning Algorithms in Optimizing Power Consumption in Smart Buildings
Energy and economic analysis	Comparative Energy and Economic Analysis of Hyundai Kona EV With Toyota Corolla 2008 Model
Energy Anomaly Detection	Performance evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Anomaly Detection in Energy Usage Data
Energy Availability Factor	Investigating Eskom's declining System Inertia and eliminating Load-shedding in South Africa by 2030
energy efficiency	Combination of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) with Diesel Engines for Emission Reduction and Enhanced Energy Efficiency: A Review Determination of the Performance Metrics of a Peltier-Based Distiller for Greywater Purification Applications Optimizing HVAC cooling system chilled water temperature and water flow rate using energy efficiency input–output model-based PSO
Energy Efficiency in Hot Water Heating	Techno-Economic Analysis of Hybrid Solar-Assisted Air Source Heat Pump Systems: Enhancing Energy Efficiency and Sustainability in University Residences
energy forecasting	An Overview of Machine Learning Applications in Blockchain for Green Energy Exchanges
Energy graph-based visualisation	Classification of energy graph-based signatures for FDI using machine learning
energy market	Regulatory Innovation as a Catalyst for Energy Market Transformation
energy policy	Energizing Change: Policy Innovations for a Low-Carbon Future Empowering Communities through Renewable Energy Sharing: An Energy Policy Perspective Review
Energy Storage	Techno Economic analysis of Solar PV with Storage
Energy Systems	Multi-Disciplinary Paradigm for Enhancing Energy Security in Super grids
energy transition	Energizing Change: Policy Innovations for a Low-Carbon Future
Energy-Efficient	Prototyping a High-Speed Levitating Train for Exploration of Possible Energy-Efficient Levitating Strategies Energy-Efficient Slip-Based Feedback Linearization for Electric Vehicles Prototyped by a DC Motor-Powered Quarter-Car
Ensemble Learning	Electrical Grid Stability Prediction with In-Bag and Out-of-Bag Estimates on Imbalanced Dataset
ESD	The Use of ESD’s within Hybrid Microgrid Technology
Eskom	Investigating Eskom's declining System Inertia and eliminating Load-shedding in South Africa by 2030
Ester Mineral Oil	The Effect of Dissolved Gases on the Breakdown Strength of Ester Transformer Oil
EV Battery	Powertrain Sizing for a Retrofit Zero Emission Vehicle using Vehicular Dynamics: An Intercampus Test Scenario Case
EV Charging Infrastructure	Optimal Placement of Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles: A Case for South Africa
EV Charging Station Optimisation	Optimal Placement of Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles: A Case for South Africa
EV Drivetrain	Powertrain Sizing for a Retrofit Zero Emission Vehicle using Vehicular Dynamics: An Intercampus Test Scenario Case
EV Powertrain	Powertrain Sizing for a Retrofit Zero Emission Vehicle using Vehicular Dynamics: An Intercampus Test Scenario Case
Excitation signals	Comparison of Excitation Signals for Wide-band Modelling of a Distribution Transformer
F
FACTS Devices	Optimal Placement of Static Var Compensator using Hybrid Optimization Technique
Fault detection	The Development of a Machine Learning based Emulator for Real-Time PV System Monitoring Detection of Broken Rotor Bars in Induction Motor using Supervised Machine Learning Methods Classification of energy graph-based signatures for FDI using machine learning
Fault level	Reintroducing Synchronous Condensers In South Africa Is A Positive Addition To The Future
faults	PV/Wind Smart Grid Optimization Using Machine Learning based on Improved Spider Wasp Optimizer Algorithm to Attain SDG7
Feedback Linearization	Energy-Efficient Slip-Based Feedback Linearization for Electric Vehicles Prototyped by a DC Motor-Powered Quarter-Car
feeder protection system	Systematic Development and Testing of an Overcurrent Protection-based Power Redirection Technique for an Electrical Distribution System
field enhancement	Corona-free Hardware for Bus Support Post Insulators 1000 kV HVDC test Facility Corona-free Line Hardware for 1000 kV HVDC Test Facility Corona-free Bundle Conductor for 1000 kV HVDC Test Facility
field grading	Corona-free Hardware for Bus Support Post Insulators 1000 kV HVDC test Facility Corona-free Line Hardware for 1000 kV HVDC Test Facility Corona-free Bundle Conductor for 1000 kV HVDC Test Facility
Field Measurements	Voltage Unbalance Performance Analysis in Distribution Networks
financial losses	Community Awareness and Perception of Electricity Theft: A Survey-Based Study with Audit Insights
Financial Viability	Economic and Sustainability Analysis of a Microgrid Design Integrating Photovoltaics, Energy Storage, and Combined Heat and Power
finite element	Performance Evaluation of a Combined Star-Pentagon Connected Five-Phase Induction Machine with a Stator Coil Fault
finite element method	Performance Analysis of a Self-Excited Synchro-nous Reluctance Generator with an Optimized Slitted-Rotor Core
Finite-element analysis	Design Optimization Strategy to Compare Slip Permanent Magnet Coupler Topologies
five-phase induction motor	Performance Evaluation of a Combined Star-Pentagon Connected Five-Phase Induction Machine with a Stator Coil Fault
Flexibility Services	The value of Demand Response in South Africa's electric power system
FlexiTool	An Integrated Modelling Framework for Renewable Energy Integration in the Southern African Power Pool (SAPP)
flux reversal	Modeling and Design of a Low-Speed Direct Drive Rare-Earth Free Flux Reversal Machines for High Power Wind Turbines
Flux switching	Analysis of Different Winding Configurations of Double Stator Wound Field Flux Switching Motor
Flywheel	Reintroducing Synchronous Condensers In South Africa Is A Positive Addition To The Future
Flywheel energy storage system	Grid-forming and Grid-following Flywheel Energy Storage System for Microgrid Frequency Regulation
food dryer	Design and implementation of a fuzzy logic-based automated food dryer
formula student	Drag Reduction System & Rear Wing Support Structure
fossil fuels	Appraising the Benefits of Investing in Green Hydrogen in Sub-Saharan Africa's Energy Mix
frequency constrained unit commitment (FCUC)	Investigating inclusion of linear sensitivity factors in analytical frequency constrained unit commitment formulation
Frequency response	Single-Phase Grid-Connected Inverter Parameter Sensitivity Analysis using Wide-band Impedance Estimations
Frequency response analysis	Comparison of Excitation Signals for Wide-band Modelling of a Distribution Transformer
Frequency stability	A Review of Model-free AGC Control Strategies in Renewable Energy Dominated Power Systems
Frequency-stability	Investigating inclusion of linear sensitivity factors in analytical frequency constrained unit commitment formulation
frozen permeability	Design Optimization Strategy to Compare Slip Permanent Magnet Coupler Topologies
Fuel cell	Modeling and Simulating more efficient and reliable fuel cell vehicles through enhancing the integration of the 6kW PEM fuel cell stack with DC/DC boost converter and BLDC motor
Fuel-cell	Enhancing Green Hydrogen Production and Sustainability
fundamental power factor	Power Factor Analysis of Diode-Rectifier-Connected Permanent Magnet Synchronous Wind Generator
fuzzy logic	A Review of Model-free AGC Control Strategies in Renewable Energy Dominated Power Systems A Review On Data Driven Control Techniques Within Industrial Heating Furnaces Smart Traffic Control Using Computational Algorithms and IoT Design and implementation of a fuzzy logic-based automated food dryer
G
G2V	Impact of PHEV operating conditions and demand side management on economic operation of a community microgrid system
Genetic (GA) Algorithm	Optimal Placement of Battery Energy Storage System for Voltage Profile Improvement and Reduction of Power Losses
Genetic Algorithm	Application of Nature-inspired Algorithms for Optimising Photovoltaic System Energy Production Performance Analysis of a Self-Excited Synchro-nous Reluctance Generator with an Optimized Slitted-Rotor Core A Review On Data Driven Control Techniques Within Industrial Heating Furnaces Optimization strategy for determining location, sizing, and planning horizon to accommodate diverse load growth in the distribution system
Genetic Search Algorithm (GSA)	Optimal Placement of Static Var Compensator using Hybrid Optimization Technique
Geofencing	IoT-Enabled Smart Collar for Cattle Theft Detection and Monitoring: Design and Investigation
Googlenet	Design and Modelling of a Machine Learning Based Face Recognition Model for Access Control in an Electrical Plant Control Room Design and modeling of a Deep Learning Hybrid Fruit Disease Classification-Sorting Model
GOOSE Message Application	Islanding Protection scheme based on IEC61850 GOOSE application for 11kV network with distributed energy resources
GPS	IoT-Enabled Smart Collar for Cattle Theft Detection and Monitoring: Design and Investigation
green energy	Feasibility Assessment of Hybrid Energy System with Hydrogen Production for Rural Limpopo Province Communities
green energy production	Appraising the Benefits of Investing in Green Hydrogen in Sub-Saharan Africa's Energy Mix
Green Hydrogen	A Design Optimisation of Green Hydrogen Production in South Africa Using Concentrated Solar-Thermal Power Enhancing Green Hydrogen Production and Sustainability
greenhouse gas emissions	Energizing Change: Policy Innovations for a Low-Carbon Future
greywater	Determination of the Performance Metrics of a Peltier-Based Distiller for Greywater Purification Applications
grid defection	Financial, regulatory and technical perspectives on residential grid defection in South Africa
Grid following inverter	Grid-forming and Grid-following Flywheel Energy Storage System for Microgrid Frequency Regulation
Grid forming inverter	Grid-forming and Grid-following Flywheel Energy Storage System for Microgrid Frequency Regulation
Grid Load-shedding	Optimal power dispatch of solar PV-battery storage system for electric vehicle battery swapping stations under grid scheduled load-shedding
Grid resilience	Enhancing Grid Resilience Through Hybrid Renewable Energy systems. Challenges. Control Strategies, and Future Directions: A review
Grid-connected system	Optimal Operation of Heat Pump Water Heaters in an Integrated Solar-Thermal-Grid Energy Systems
grid-following (GFL)	TESTING THE BEHAVIOUR OF THE MODELS OF GRID-FORMING AND GRID-FOLLOWING INVERTERS IN THE PRESENCE OF SIMULATED NETWORK FAULTS
grid-forming (GFM)	TESTING THE BEHAVIOUR OF THE MODELS OF GRID-FORMING AND GRID-FOLLOWING INVERTERS IN THE PRESENCE OF SIMULATED NETWORK FAULTS
Grid-tied photovoltaic system	Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Voltage Swell Peak Amplitude in Grid-tied Photovoltaic Systems
Group Authentication	Privacy and Security for AMR Applications and in Smart Grid
H
hardware	Corona-free Hardware for Bus Support Post Insulators 1000 kV HVDC test Facility Corona-free Line Hardware for 1000 kV HVDC Test Facility
hardware-in-the-loop	IEC61850 GOOSE message application for a power transformer voltage control
Harmonic Attenuation	Mitigating Harmonic Distortion in Tidal Power Systems Through Optimized LCL Filtering
Harmonic impedance measurement	Single-Phase Grid-Connected Inverter Parameter Sensitivity Analysis using Wide-band Impedance Estimations
harmonics	Single-Phase Grid-Connected Inverter Parameter Sensitivity Analysis using Wide-band Impedance Estimations Design Optimization Strategy to Compare Slip Permanent Magnet Coupler Topologies
health index	Intelligent Condition Monitoring of Power Transformers via Machine Learning
Heat pumps	Optimal Operation of Heat Pump Water Heaters in an Integrated Solar-Thermal-Grid Energy Systems
Heat Recovery	Design and manufacturing of a customised economiser for a maximised boiler efficiency
Herman-beta method	Feasibility Assessment of Hybrid Energy System with Hydrogen Production for Rural Limpopo Province Communities
Hidden States	Energy-Efficient Slip-Based Feedback Linearization for Electric Vehicles Prototyped by a DC Motor-Powered Quarter-Car
High voltage testing	Remote Verification and Maintenance Testing of Intelligent Electronic Devices: Design and Prototype Development for Cost-Effective Solutions in RESS High Voltage Systems
High-Temperature Applications	Design and manufacturing of a customised economiser for a maximised boiler efficiency
HOMER	optimal analysis of hybrid renewable energy power system for a remote island
Homer pro	Feasibility Assessment of Hybrid Energy System with Hydrogen Production for Rural Limpopo Province Communities
Homologation	Powertrain Sizing for a Retrofit Zero Emission Vehicle using Vehicular Dynamics: An Intercampus Test Scenario Case
Hosts	Multi-Disciplinary Paradigm for Enhancing Energy Security in Super grids
hot-water geysers	Investigating the Feasibility of Multi Storey Apartment PV Systems Supplying Electrical Hot-Water Geysers
HVAC	Optimizing HVAC cooling system chilled water temperature and water flow rate using energy efficiency input–output model-based PSO
HVDC	Corona-free Hardware for Bus Support Post Insulators 1000 kV HVDC test Facility Corona-free Line Hardware for 1000 kV HVDC Test Facility Corona-free Bundle Conductor for 1000 kV HVDC Test Facility
hybrid	optimal analysis of hybrid renewable energy power system for a remote island
hybrid energy systems	Feasibility Assessment of Hybrid Energy System with Hydrogen Production for Rural Limpopo Province Communities
Hybrid Optimization Framework	Optimal Placement of Static Var Compensator using Hybrid Optimization Technique
hybrid renewable energy system	Optimal Design of Islanded Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for Electric Vehicle Charging in Different Geographical Locations in South Africa
Hybrid Solar Assisted Air Source Heat Pump	Techno-Economic Analysis of Hybrid Solar-Assisted Air Source Heat Pump Systems: Enhancing Energy Efficiency and Sustainability in University Residences
Hybrid system	Enhancing Grid Resilience Through Hybrid Renewable Energy systems. Challenges. Control Strategies, and Future Directions: A review
hydrogen	Feasibility Assessment of Hybrid Energy System with Hydrogen Production for Rural Limpopo Province Communities
Hydrometallurgy	Repurposing and Circular Economy of Material Recovered from a Vehicle Retrofitting Model: A Homologation-Centered Approach for Non-Mediterranean Africa
Hyundai kona	Comparative Energy and Economic Analysis of Hyundai Kona EV With Toyota Corolla 2008 Model
I
IEC61499	A practical evaluation of an IEC 61499 standard-based Low-Cost Gateway for photovoltaic power plants
IEC61850 GOOSE message application	IEC61850 GOOSE message application for a power transformer voltage control
IEEE test 9 bus system	Simulation and Analysis of the Integration of Power from Mini Hydroelectric Power Plant into Microgrid
impulse current	Forensic Analysis of Lightning Damage to Masonry
In-Bag Estimates	Electrical Grid Stability Prediction with In-Bag and Out-of-Bag Estimates on Imbalanced Dataset
Incident Energy	Proactive Arc Flash Mitigation in MV and LV Electrical Systems: Evaluating Protection Coordination, Modern Detection Systems, and Busbar Configuration on Arc Flash Incident Energy
Induction motors	Detection of Broken Rotor Bars in Induction Motor using Supervised Machine Learning Methods
Industrial furnace	A Review On Data Driven Control Techniques Within Industrial Heating Furnaces
Industrial Protocols	A comparison study between Modbus and IEC 61850 MMS Protocols
Industrial Symbiosis	Repurposing and Circular Economy of Material Recovered from a Vehicle Retrofitting Model: A Homologation-Centered Approach for Non-Mediterranean Africa
Inertia	Reintroducing Synchronous Condensers In South Africa Is A Positive Addition To The Future
Inertia Estimation	DEEP REINFORCEMENT LEARNING WITH QUANTUM ENHANCEMENTS FOR POWER SYSTEM INERTIA ESTIMATION
infrastructure damage	Community Awareness and Perception of Electricity Theft: A Survey-Based Study with Audit Insights
input output model	Optimizing HVAC cooling system chilled water temperature and water flow rate using energy efficiency input–output model-based PSO
installed capacity	Estimating the Installed Capacity of Rooftop Solar Photovoltaics: a Case Study
insurance claims	Forensic Analysis of Lightning Damage to Masonry
Integrated Resource Plans	Investigating Eskom's declining System Inertia and eliminating Load-shedding in South Africa by 2030
intelligent electronic devices	Remote Verification and Maintenance Testing of Intelligent Electronic Devices: Design and Prototype Development for Cost-Effective Solutions in RESS High Voltage Systems
Internal temperature	Forecasting the Internal Temperature of Metal Oxide Surge Arresters Using A Sliding Window Approach and Decision Tree Algorithm
internet of things	Development of a smart agricultural monitoring System
Inverter Control	The impact of disturbances on grid connected inverter-based resources
Investment Analysis	Economic and Sustainability Analysis of a Microgrid Design Integrating Photovoltaics, Energy Storage, and Combined Heat and Power
IOFBL	Prototyping a High-Speed Levitating Train for Exploration of Possible Energy-Efficient Levitating Strategies
IoT	IoT-Enabled Smart Collar for Cattle Theft Detection and Monitoring: Design and Investigation Smart Traffic Control Using Computational Algorithms and IoT
Islanding Protection Scheme	Islanding Protection scheme based on IEC61850 GOOSE application for 11kV network with distributed energy resources
K
K-Nearest Neighbors	Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Voltage Swell Peak Amplitude in Grid-tied Photovoltaic Systems
Keywords	Enhancing Green Hydrogen Production and Sustainability
L
LCL Filters	Mitigating Harmonic Distortion in Tidal Power Systems Through Optimized LCL Filtering
LCOE	optimal analysis of hybrid renewable energy power system for a remote island
Leakage Current	A Deep Learning Approach for the Detection of Surge Events in Metal Oxide Surge Arresters
Levelized cost of electricity	Techno Economic analysis of Solar PV with Storage
Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE)	Technical and Economic Assessment of Wave Energy Convertors along the South African coastline: A Short Review
Levelized Cost of Energy	A Design Optimisation of Green Hydrogen Production in South Africa Using Concentrated Solar-Thermal Power Optimal Design of Islanded Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for Electric Vehicle Charging in Different Geographical Locations in South Africa
Levitating Trains	Prototyping a High-Speed Levitating Train for Exploration of Possible Energy-Efficient Levitating Strategies
Light Dependent Resistors	A REVIEW OF SATELLITE POWER GENERATION : A SUSTAINABLE SOLUTION FOR CUBESATS ENERGY CHALLENGES
Lightning	Forensic Analysis of Lightning Damage to Masonry How Often Does The Electric Field Mill Predict An Actual Thunderstorm?
Lightning Mast	A Case Study Analysis of The Relationship Between Lightning Mast Height and Frequency of Flashes
linear-sensitivity-factors (LSF)	Investigating inclusion of linear sensitivity factors in analytical frequency constrained unit commitment formulation
lithium	Li-bearing Mineral Bio-floatation And Phase Transformation For Readiness Of use In Energy Storage Devices And Systems: A Review
lithium battery	A Review of the Most Recent Developments in Sodium-ion Batteries
Load flow	Simulation and Analysis of the Integration of Power from Mini Hydroelectric Power Plant into Microgrid
load frequency control	A comprehensive review of load frequency control of decentralized networks Optimization of Load Frequency Control using Zebra Optimization Algorithm in Renewable Energy Integrated Power System
Load growth	Multi-criteria Design of a Minigrid System: a Case Study of the Tsumkwe Plant in Namibia Optimization strategy for determining location, sizing, and planning horizon to accommodate diverse load growth in the distribution system
Load shedding	Exploring Voltage Stability Index for Effective Load Shedding in Power Systems During Contingencies: An In-depth Review
load-profile based sizing method	Load-profile based sizing method for distributed energy resources in industrial microgrids
Load-shedding	Investigating Eskom's declining System Inertia and eliminating Load-shedding in South Africa by 2030
Long Short-Term Memory	Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Voltage Swell Peak Amplitude in Grid-tied Photovoltaic Systems
Long-Distance EV Travel	Optimal Placement of Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles: A Case for South Africa
low inertia power systems	Design and Implementation of a Low-Inertia Microgrid Platform with Real-Time Inertia Adjustment for Frequency Stability Analysis
Low voltage ride-through	The impact of disturbances on grid connected inverter-based resources
LPS	A Case Study Analysis of The Relationship Between Lightning Mast Height and Frequency of Flashes
LSTM Network	A Deep Learning Approach for the Detection of Surge Events in Metal Oxide Surge Arresters
LSTM-CNN	Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Enhanced Wind Power Forecasting: A Comparative Study of Advanced Machine Learning Approaches
M
machine learning	The Development of a Machine Learning based Emulator for Real-Time PV System Monitoring Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Enhanced Wind Power Forecasting: A Comparative Study of Advanced Machine Learning Approaches Intelligent Condition Monitoring of Power Transformers via Machine Learning Electrical Grid Stability Prediction with In-Bag and Out-of-Bag Estimates on Imbalanced Dataset PV/Wind Smart Grid Optimization Using Machine Learning based on Improved Spider Wasp Optimizer Algorithm to Attain SDG7 A comparative study on the accuracy of the conventional DGA techniques and Artificial Neural Network classifiers of faults in oil filled power transformers Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Voltage Swell Peak Amplitude in Grid-tied Photovoltaic Systems Partial Discharge Source Classification Using Machine Learning Algorithms Classification of energy graph-based signatures for FDI using machine learning An Overview of Machine Learning Applications in Blockchain for Green Energy Exchanges A Comprehensive Review of Machine Learning Algorithms in Optimizing Power Consumption in Smart Buildings
Magnet dimensions	Effect of Magnet Dimensions on the Perfomance of Variable Flux PM Machines
Magnetization	Effect of Magnet Dimensions on the Perfomance of Variable Flux PM Machines
managed charging	Electric vehicles for grid flexibility
Manned Space Stations	African Space Station(s) and the Power Problem
Matlab	The Application of Regularization to Improve the Performance of Neural Network Multiclassification Model to Classify Transformer Faults via Dissolved Gas Analysis A practical evaluation of an IEC 61499 standard-based Low-Cost Gateway for photovoltaic power plants
MATLAB/Simulink	Impact of Dynamic Voltage Restorer in Power Quality Disturbances Mitigation in Municipal Distribution Systems
MATLAB/Simulink environment	Comparative Assessment of MPPT Techniques for Solar PV Systems Under Uniform Insolation and Partial Shading Conditions
maximum power point	Evaluation of Small-Scale Ferrite and Rare-Earth Permanent Magnet Wind Generators for Direct Battery Charging
Maximum power point tracking	A REVIEW OF SATELLITE POWER GENERATION : A SUSTAINABLE SOLUTION FOR CUBESATS ENERGY CHALLENGES Comparative Assessment of MPPT Techniques for Solar PV Systems Under Uniform Insolation and Partial Shading Conditions
Metaheuristic Optimization Techniques	Distribution Network Reconfiguration using the Cuckoo Search Algorithm
Metal Oxide Surge Arrester (MOSA)	A Deep Learning Approach for the Detection of Surge Events in Metal Oxide Surge Arresters
Metal Oxide Surge Arresters	Forecasting the Internal Temperature of Metal Oxide Surge Arresters Using A Sliding Window Approach and Decision Tree Algorithm
Mho characteristics	Distance Protection Application for 33kV Traction Network
Microgrid	The Use of ESD’s within Hybrid Microgrid Technology Water-Energy-Food Nexus Management in Rural Communities: A Comprehensive Review from an Engineering Perspective Load-profile based sizing method for distributed energy resources in industrial microgrids Economic and Sustainability Analysis of a Microgrid Design Integrating Photovoltaics, Energy Storage, and Combined Heat and Power
Microgrid Energy Management	Impact of PHEV operating conditions and demand side management on economic operation of a community microgrid system
Microgrids	Techno-Economic benefits of a Microgrid in a Seaport and its Impact on Port Expansion – The Port of Cape Town Simulation and Analysis of the Integration of Power from Mini Hydroelectric Power Plant into Microgrid
microwave technology	Li-bearing Mineral Bio-floatation And Phase Transformation For Readiness Of use In Energy Storage Devices And Systems: A Review
Mini hydro	Simulation and Analysis of the Integration of Power from Mini Hydroelectric Power Plant into Microgrid
Mini-grid	Multi-criteria Design of a Minigrid System: a Case Study of the Tsumkwe Plant in Namibia
Mitigation Strategies	Voltage Unbalance Performance Analysis in Distribution Networks
mixed integer linear programming (MILP)	Investigating inclusion of linear sensitivity factors in analytical frequency constrained unit commitment formulation
Mobile Networks	African Space Station(s) and the Power Problem
Modeling	A Design Optimisation of Green Hydrogen Production in South Africa Using Concentrated Solar-Thermal Power
moisture content	Design and implementation of a fuzzy logic-based automated food dryer
Monte Carlo simulation	Strategic Placement and Sizing of Electric Minibus Taxi Charging Stations in Stellenbosch
MOSFET circuits	Experimental Comparison of Negative Capacitance Behaviour In Discrete Commonly Available Si Based Diode Connected MOSFETs and BJTs
mount gazelle optimizer	A Deterministic Approach in Controlling and Optimizing Demand-Side Resources in Active Distribution Networks
MTTF	A Review of Reliability Evaluation Methods for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
MTTFF	A Review of Reliability Evaluation Methods for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
multi-storey PV	Investigating the Feasibility of Multi Storey Apartment PV Systems Supplying Electrical Hot-Water Geysers
Multidisciplinary Systems	Multi-Disciplinary Paradigm for Enhancing Energy Security in Super grids
multiphase	Performance Evaluation of a Combined Star-Pentagon Connected Five-Phase Induction Machine with a Stator Coil Fault
Municipal-owned generation	Exploring Opportunities in Municipal-Owned Generation: Technology, Ownership, and Operations Considerations
MVDC	Integration of Electric Vehicle Ultra-Fast Charging Stations with Battery Energy Storage System and Solar Photovoltaic through a Medium Voltage Direct Current Distribution Network
N
Nature-inspired Algorithm	Application of Nature-inspired Algorithms for Optimising Photovoltaic System Energy Production
net present cost	Optimal Design of Islanded Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for Electric Vehicle Charging in Different Geographical Locations in South Africa
network faults	TESTING THE BEHAVIOUR OF THE MODELS OF GRID-FORMING AND GRID-FOLLOWING INVERTERS IN THE PRESENCE OF SIMULATED NETWORK FAULTS
Network Performance	Voltage Unbalance Performance Analysis in Distribution Networks
Neural network	A Review On Data Driven Control Techniques Within Industrial Heating Furnaces
Neural Networks	The Application of Regularization to Improve the Performance of Neural Network Multiclassification Model to Classify Transformer Faults via Dissolved Gas Analysis
New Energy Vehicle	Repurposing and Circular Economy of Material Recovered from a Vehicle Retrofitting Model: A Homologation-Centered Approach for Non-Mediterranean Africa
New Energy Vehicles	Powertrain Sizing for a Retrofit Zero Emission Vehicle using Vehicular Dynamics: An Intercampus Test Scenario Case
Newton Raphson	Simulation and Analysis of the Integration of Power from Mini Hydroelectric Power Plant into Microgrid
Non-dominating sorting algorithm	A Design Optimisation of Green Hydrogen Production in South Africa Using Concentrated Solar-Thermal Power
nonlinearity	Improvement of Proportional-Integral-Derivative Control for Time-Delay Nonlinear Systems by a Time-Delay Estimation Method
O
off-grid	Financial, regulatory and technical perspectives on residential grid defection in South Africa
Offshore Tidal Power Systems	Mitigating Harmonic Distortion in Tidal Power Systems Through Optimized LCL Filtering
Optimal control	Optimal Operation of Heat Pump Water Heaters in an Integrated Solar-Thermal-Grid Energy Systems
Optimal placement	Strategic Placement and Sizing of Electric Minibus Taxi Charging Stations in Stellenbosch
Optimal-Control	Prototyping a High-Speed Levitating Train for Exploration of Possible Energy-Efficient Levitating Strategies
Optimisation	Application of Nature-inspired Algorithms for Optimising Photovoltaic System Energy Production
Optimization	A Design Optimisation of Green Hydrogen Production in South Africa Using Concentrated Solar-Thermal Power Multi-criteria Design of a Minigrid System: a Case Study of the Tsumkwe Plant in Namibia PV/Wind Smart Grid Optimization Using Machine Learning based on Improved Spider Wasp Optimizer Algorithm to Attain SDG7 Investigating inclusion of linear sensitivity factors in analytical frequency constrained unit commitment formulation Optimal power dispatch of solar PV-battery storage system for electric vehicle battery swapping stations under grid scheduled load-shedding
optimized control	A comprehensive review of load frequency control of decentralized networks
Organic Rankine Cycle	Combination of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) with Diesel Engines for Emission Reduction and Enhanced Energy Efficiency: A Review
Organic waste	The State of Biogas Energy use in South Africa
OSeMOSYS	An Integrated Modelling Framework for Renewable Energy Integration in the Southern African Power Pool (SAPP)
Out-of-Bag Estimates	Electrical Grid Stability Prediction with In-Bag and Out-of-Bag Estimates on Imbalanced Dataset
overcurrent protection system	Systematic Development and Testing of an Overcurrent Protection-based Power Redirection Technique for an Electrical Distribution System
oxygen	Enhancing Green Hydrogen Production and Sustainability
P
P-V curve	Improving voltage stability of a power system network using battery energy storage system (BESS)
P2P energy trading	An Overview of Machine Learning Applications in Blockchain for Green Energy Exchanges
parametric signal processing	Rational Approximation in the Frequency Domain for Modeling Currents Recorded in Power Systems
partial discharge	Partial Discharge Source Classification Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Partial shading conditions	Comparative Assessment of MPPT Techniques for Solar PV Systems Under Uniform Insolation and Partial Shading Conditions
particle swarm optimization	Optimizing HVAC cooling system chilled water temperature and water flow rate using energy efficiency input–output model-based PSO
Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)	Optimal Placement of Battery Energy Storage System for Voltage Profile Improvement and Reduction of Power Losses
Peak amplitude prediction	Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Voltage Swell Peak Amplitude in Grid-tied Photovoltaic Systems
peaking plant	Techno Economic analysis of Solar PV with Storage
Peltier cell	Determination of the Performance Metrics of a Peltier-Based Distiller for Greywater Purification Applications
PEM fuel cell	Modeling and Simulating more efficient and reliable fuel cell vehicles through enhancing the integration of the 6kW PEM fuel cell stack with DC/DC boost converter and BLDC motor
performance evaluation	Performance Analysis of a Self-Excited Synchro-nous Reluctance Generator with an Optimized Slitted-Rotor Core
permanent magnet	Effect of Magnet Dimensions on the Perfomance of Variable Flux PM Machines Power Factor Analysis of Diode-Rectifier-Connected Permanent Magnet Synchronous Wind Generator Design Optimization Strategy to Compare Slip Permanent Magnet Coupler Topologies
Perturbation	Single-Phase Grid-Connected Inverter Parameter Sensitivity Analysis using Wide-band Impedance Estimations
Pessen Integral Rule	The Use of ESD’s within Hybrid Microgrid Technology
phase angle jump (PAJ)	TESTING THE BEHAVIOUR OF THE MODELS OF GRID-FORMING AND GRID-FOLLOWING INVERTERS IN THE PRESENCE OF SIMULATED NETWORK FAULTS
Phase-locked loops	The impact of disturbances on grid connected inverter-based resources
PHEV	Impact of PHEV operating conditions and demand side management on economic operation of a community microgrid system
Photovoltaic Plant	A comparison study between Modbus and IEC 61850 MMS Protocols
photovoltaic system	Application of Nature-inspired Algorithms for Optimising Photovoltaic System Energy Production The Effect of Shading on the Performance of Photovoltaic Panels
Photovoltaic Systems	Optimal Placement of Battery Energy Storage System for Voltage Profile Improvement and Reduction of Power Losses
physics-informed neural networks	Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Enhanced Wind Power Forecasting: A Comparative Study of Advanced Machine Learning Approaches
PID	Prototyping a High-Speed Levitating Train for Exploration of Possible Energy-Efficient Levitating Strategies The Use of ESD’s within Hybrid Microgrid Technology
Pie shaped stator	Rotor Poles Analysis of a Novel Wound Field Flux Switching Machine with π-Shaped Stator
PLEXOS Modelling	The value of Demand Response in South Africa's electric power system
Pole-Placement	Energy-Efficient Slip-Based Feedback Linearization for Electric Vehicles Prototyped by a DC Motor-Powered Quarter-Car
policy modelling	Empowering Communities through Renewable Energy Sharing: An Energy Policy Perspective Review
Post insulator	Corona-free Hardware for Bus Support Post Insulators 1000 kV HVDC test Facility
Power Access	African Space Station(s) and the Power Problem
Power electronic components	A Review of Reliability Evaluation Methods for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
power flow redirection	Systematic Development and Testing of an Overcurrent Protection-based Power Redirection Technique for an Electrical Distribution System
power loss	Impact of an electric vehicle, solar PV, and battery energy storage system in a distribution system
Power Loss Minimization	Distribution Network Reconfiguration using the Cuckoo Search Algorithm
Power losses	Optimal Placement of Battery Energy Storage System for Voltage Profile Improvement and Reduction of Power Losses
Power Plant Controller	A comparison study between Modbus and IEC 61850 MMS Protocols
Power Plant Optimization	Design and manufacturing of a customised economiser for a maximised boiler efficiency
Power Pool	Networks and Smart Grids for Future Data Centres
Power quality	Single-Phase Grid-Connected Inverter Parameter Sensitivity Analysis using Wide-band Impedance Estimations Impact of Dynamic Voltage Restorer in Power Quality Disturbances Mitigation in Municipal Distribution Systems Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Voltage Swell Peak Amplitude in Grid-tied Photovoltaic Systems
Power Quality Enhancement	Mitigating Harmonic Distortion in Tidal Power Systems Through Optimized LCL Filtering
power system optimization	Optimization of Load Frequency Control using Zebra Optimization Algorithm in Renewable Energy Integrated Power System
power system protection	Systematic Development and Testing of an Overcurrent Protection-based Power Redirection Technique for an Electrical Distribution System
Power System Stability	DEEP REINFORCEMENT LEARNING WITH QUANTUM ENHANCEMENTS FOR POWER SYSTEM INERTIA ESTIMATION
Power systems	Exploring Voltage Stability Index for Effective Load Shedding in Power Systems During Contingencies: An In-depth Review
power systems modelling	Key Elements in Stochastic Hosting Capacity Assessment Frameworks: A Review
Power Transfer Capability	Optimal Placement of Static Var Compensator using Hybrid Optimization Technique
Power Transformers	Intelligent Condition Monitoring of Power Transformers via Machine Learning A comparative study on the accuracy of the conventional DGA techniques and Artificial Neural Network classifiers of faults in oil filled power transformers
Precision Livestock Farming	IoT-Enabled Smart Collar for Cattle Theft Detection and Monitoring: Design and Investigation
predictive analytics	An Overview of Machine Learning Applications in Blockchain for Green Energy Exchanges
probabilistic load modelling	Towards Dynamic Probabilistic Load Models for Active Distribution Network Planning
proportional-integral-derivative (PID)	Improvement of Proportional-Integral-Derivative Control for Time-Delay Nonlinear Systems by a Time-Delay Estimation Method
Propulsion Motor	Powertrain Sizing for a Retrofit Zero Emission Vehicle using Vehicular Dynamics: An Intercampus Test Scenario Case
Protection	Effects of DC offset and tail on Relay Performance: Field Experience Distance Protection Application for 33kV Traction Network
Protection Coordination	Proactive Arc Flash Mitigation in MV and LV Electrical Systems: Evaluating Protection Coordination, Modern Detection Systems, and Busbar Configuration on Arc Flash Incident Energy
Protection relays	Effects of DC offset and tail on Relay Performance: Field Experience
Protocol	Privacy and Security for AMR Applications and in Smart Grid
Prototype	Prototyping a High-Speed Levitating Train for Exploration of Possible Energy-Efficient Levitating Strategies
Public Private Partnership	Exploring Opportunities in Municipal-Owned Generation: Technology, Ownership, and Operations Considerations
purification	Determination of the Performance Metrics of a Peltier-Based Distiller for Greywater Purification Applications
PV	Multi-criteria Design of a Minigrid System: a Case Study of the Tsumkwe Plant in Namibia
PV monitoring	The Development of a Machine Learning based Emulator for Real-Time PV System Monitoring
PV-Battery storage system	Optimal power dispatch of solar PV-battery storage system for electric vehicle battery swapping stations under grid scheduled load-shedding
PWM	Design and Modelling of an AC Lighting Brightness Adjusting System for Energy Conservation
Pyrometallurgy	Repurposing and Circular Economy of Material Recovered from a Vehicle Retrofitting Model: A Homologation-Centered Approach for Non-Mediterranean Africa
Q
Quantum Computing	DEEP REINFORCEMENT LEARNING WITH QUANTUM ENHANCEMENTS FOR POWER SYSTEM INERTIA ESTIMATION
Quantum Deep Reinforcement Learning	DEEP REINFORCEMENT LEARNING WITH QUANTUM ENHANCEMENTS FOR POWER SYSTEM INERTIA ESTIMATION
R
Random Forest	Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Voltage Swell Peak Amplitude in Grid-tied Photovoltaic Systems
Rate of Change of Frequency	Investigating Eskom's declining System Inertia and eliminating Load-shedding in South Africa by 2030
reactive power	Improving voltage stability of a power system network using battery energy storage system (BESS)
rear wing	Drag Reduction System & Rear Wing Support Structure
Reduction of Electricity Consumption	Techno-Economic Analysis of Hybrid Solar-Assisted Air Source Heat Pump Systems: Enhancing Energy Efficiency and Sustainability in University Residences
Reference Voltage Measurement	Statistical Analysis of Low-Voltage Varistor Clamping Voltage Variability under Switching Surges
Regularization	The Application of Regularization to Improve the Performance of Neural Network Multiclassification Model to Classify Transformer Faults via Dissolved Gas Analysis
regulatory innovations	Regulatory Innovation as a Catalyst for Energy Market Transformation
reinforcement learning	Smart Traffic Control Using Computational Algorithms and IoT
Reliability	A Design Optimisation of Green Hydrogen Production in South Africa Using Concentrated Solar-Thermal Power
Reliability evaluation	A Review of Reliability Evaluation Methods for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
Reliability indices	A Review of Reliability Evaluation Methods for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
remote maintenance testing	Remote Verification and Maintenance Testing of Intelligent Electronic Devices: Design and Prototype Development for Cost-Effective Solutions in RESS High Voltage Systems
renewable energy	Financial, regulatory and technical perspectives on residential grid defection in South Africa Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Enhanced Wind Power Forecasting: A Comparative Study of Advanced Machine Learning Approaches Improving voltage stability of a power system network using battery energy storage system (BESS) PV/Wind Smart Grid Optimization Using Machine Learning based on Improved Spider Wasp Optimizer Algorithm to Attain SDG7 Optimal power dispatch of solar PV-battery storage system for electric vehicle battery swapping stations under grid scheduled load-shedding A Review of the Most Recent Developments in Sodium-ion Batteries Load-profile based sizing method for distributed energy resources in industrial microgrids optimal analysis of hybrid renewable energy power system for a remote island A Hybrid Approach to Virtual Power Plants: Integrating Renewables, BESS and Forecasting in South African Smart Grids Solar PV Grid-Connected System Analysis for Midlands State University, Zimbabwe Empowering Communities through Renewable Energy Sharing: An Energy Policy Perspective Review Economic and Sustainability Analysis of a Microgrid Design Integrating Photovoltaics, Energy Storage, and Combined Heat and Power Networks and Smart Grids for Future Data Centres
Renewable Energy Infrastructure	Optimal Placement of Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles: A Case for South Africa
Renewable Energy Integration	Techno-Economic Analysis of Hybrid Solar-Assisted Air Source Heat Pump Systems: Enhancing Energy Efficiency and Sustainability in University Residences Optimization of Load Frequency Control using Zebra Optimization Algorithm in Renewable Energy Integrated Power System Techno-Economic benefits of a Microgrid in a Seaport and its Impact on Port Expansion – The Port of Cape Town Water-Energy-Food Nexus Management in Rural Communities: A Comprehensive Review from an Engineering Perspective Mitigating Harmonic Distortion in Tidal Power Systems Through Optimized LCL Filtering
renewable energy sources	Appraising the Benefits of Investing in Green Hydrogen in Sub-Saharan Africa's Energy Mix A Deterministic Approach in Controlling and Optimizing Demand-Side Resources in Active Distribution Networks
Renewable integration	An Integrated Modelling Framework for Renewable Energy Integration in the Southern African Power Pool (SAPP)
Repurposing	Repurposing and Circular Economy of Material Recovered from a Vehicle Retrofitting Model: A Homologation-Centered Approach for Non-Mediterranean Africa
RES	The Use of ESD’s within Hybrid Microgrid Technology
residential tariffs	Financial, regulatory and technical perspectives on residential grid defection in South Africa
rooftop solar PV	Investigating the Feasibility of Multi Storey Apartment PV Systems Supplying Electrical Hot-Water Geysers Estimating the Installed Capacity of Rooftop Solar Photovoltaics: a Case Study
rotor pole	Modeling and Design of a Low-Speed Direct Drive Rare-Earth Free Flux Reversal Machines for High Power Wind Turbines
Rural Communities	Water-Energy-Food Nexus Management in Rural Communities: A Comprehensive Review from an Engineering Perspective
S
SAPP	An Integrated Modelling Framework for Renewable Energy Integration in the Southern African Power Pool (SAPP)
satellite imagery	Estimating the Installed Capacity of Rooftop Solar Photovoltaics: a Case Study
SDG7	Empowering Communities through Renewable Energy Sharing: An Energy Policy Perspective Review
Security and Privacy	Privacy and Security for AMR Applications and in Smart Grid
self-excited novel synchronous Reluctance Generator	Performance Analysis of a Self-Excited Synchro-nous Reluctance Generator with an Optimized Slitted-Rotor Core
Semiconductor devices	Experimental Comparison of Negative Capacitance Behaviour In Discrete Commonly Available Si Based Diode Connected MOSFETs and BJTs
servo	Drag Reduction System & Rear Wing Support Structure
shading patterns	The Effect of Shading on the Performance of Photovoltaic Panels
Ship-to-Shore Cranes	Techno-Economic benefits of a Microgrid in a Seaport and its Impact on Port Expansion – The Port of Cape Town
Shoreline Power	Techno-Economic benefits of a Microgrid in a Seaport and its Impact on Port Expansion – The Port of Cape Town
SiB	Evaluating Sodium Ion Batteries (SiB) and its Applications
Sim Power System Toolbox	Impact of Dynamic Voltage Restorer in Power Quality Disturbances Mitigation in Municipal Distribution Systems
Simulated Annealing	Application of Nature-inspired Algorithms for Optimising Photovoltaic System Energy Production
single-axis tracking	The Development of a Machine Learning based Emulator for Real-Time PV System Monitoring
sizing approaches	Load-profile based sizing method for distributed energy resources in industrial microgrids
Sliding window algorithm	Forecasting the Internal Temperature of Metal Oxide Surge Arresters Using A Sliding Window Approach and Decision Tree Algorithm
Slip	Energy-Efficient Slip-Based Feedback Linearization for Electric Vehicles Prototyped by a DC Motor-Powered Quarter-Car
slitted-rotor core	Performance Analysis of a Self-Excited Synchro-nous Reluctance Generator with an Optimized Slitted-Rotor Core
small-scale embedded generation	Financial, regulatory and technical perspectives on residential grid defection in South Africa
Smart Buildings	A Comprehensive Review of Machine Learning Algorithms in Optimizing Power Consumption in Smart Buildings
Smart Collar	IoT-Enabled Smart Collar for Cattle Theft Detection and Monitoring: Design and Investigation
Smart Grid	PV/Wind Smart Grid Optimization Using Machine Learning based on Improved Spider Wasp Optimizer Algorithm to Attain SDG7 Privacy and Security for AMR Applications and in Smart Grid
smart irrigation	Development of a smart agricultural monitoring System
Smart Meter	Privacy and Security for AMR Applications and in Smart Grid
Smart Metering	Advances in smart metering for the monitoring of distribution transformers
sodium battery	A Review of the Most Recent Developments in Sodium-ion Batteries
Sodium Ion	Evaluating Sodium Ion Batteries (SiB) and its Applications
solar energy	The Effect of Shading on the Performance of Photovoltaic Panels
Solar Panels	A REVIEW OF SATELLITE POWER GENERATION : A SUSTAINABLE SOLUTION FOR CUBESATS ENERGY CHALLENGES
solar photovoltaic	The Design Optimisation of a Solar PV plant to power an Electrolyser for Green Hydrogen Production
solar photovoltaics	Optimal Design of Islanded Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for Electric Vehicle Charging in Different Geographical Locations in South Africa
solar power	The Development of a Machine Learning based Emulator for Real-Time PV System Monitoring
solar PV	Financial, regulatory and technical perspectives on residential grid defection in South Africa Optimization of Load Frequency Control using Zebra Optimization Algorithm in Renewable Energy Integrated Power System Impact of an electric vehicle, solar PV, and battery energy storage system in a distribution system Solar PV Grid-Connected System Analysis for Midlands State University, Zimbabwe
Solar PV systems	Comparative Assessment of MPPT Techniques for Solar PV Systems Under Uniform Insolation and Partial Shading Conditions
solar still	Determination of the Performance Metrics of a Peltier-Based Distiller for Greywater Purification Applications
Solar thermal collector	Optimal Operation of Heat Pump Water Heaters in an Integrated Solar-Thermal-Grid Energy Systems
South Africa	Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Enhanced Wind Power Forecasting: A Comparative Study of Advanced Machine Learning Approaches Technical and Economic Assessment of Wave Energy Convertors along the South African coastline: A Short Review Advances in smart metering for the monitoring of distribution transformers
space charge	Corona-free Hardware for Bus Support Post Insulators 1000 kV HVDC test Facility Corona-free Line Hardware for 1000 kV HVDC Test Facility Corona-free Bundle Conductor for 1000 kV HVDC Test Facility
Space Systems	African Space Station(s) and the Power Problem
Stability	Single-Phase Grid-Connected Inverter Parameter Sensitivity Analysis using Wide-band Impedance Estimations
stand-alone microgrids	Design and Implementation of a Low-Inertia Microgrid Platform with Real-Time Inertia Adjustment for Frequency Stability Analysis
Static Var Compensators (SVCs)	Optimal Placement of Static Var Compensator using Hybrid Optimization Technique
statistical load diversity	Towards Dynamic Probabilistic Load Models for Active Distribution Network Planning
Statistical Significance	Statistical Analysis of Low-Voltage Varistor Clamping Voltage Variability under Switching Surges
stator	Performance Evaluation of a Combined Star-Pentagon Connected Five-Phase Induction Machine with a Stator Coil Fault
stator slot	Modeling and Design of a Low-Speed Direct Drive Rare-Earth Free Flux Reversal Machines for High Power Wind Turbines
Steady-state current analysis	Detection of Broken Rotor Bars in Induction Motor using Supervised Machine Learning Methods
stochastic hosting capacity	Key Elements in Stochastic Hosting Capacity Assessment Frameworks: A Review
sub-Saharan Africa	Appraising the Benefits of Investing in Green Hydrogen in Sub-Saharan Africa's Energy Mix
SUMO	Smart Traffic Control Using Computational Algorithms and IoT
Super-grid	Networks and Smart Grids for Future Data Centres
Supervised Machine Learning	Performance evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Anomaly Detection in Energy Usage Data Detection of Broken Rotor Bars in Induction Motor using Supervised Machine Learning Methods
Support Vector Machine	Detection of Broken Rotor Bars in Induction Motor using Supervised Machine Learning Methods
Support Vector Regression	Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Voltage Swell Peak Amplitude in Grid-tied Photovoltaic Systems
surface potential gradient	Corona-free Hardware for Bus Support Post Insulators 1000 kV HVDC test Facility Corona-free Line Hardware for 1000 kV HVDC Test Facility Corona-free Bundle Conductor for 1000 kV HVDC Test Facility
Surface temperature	Forecasting the Internal Temperature of Metal Oxide Surge Arresters Using A Sliding Window Approach and Decision Tree Algorithm
Surge Detection	A Deep Learning Approach for the Detection of Surge Events in Metal Oxide Surge Arresters
Surge Events	Statistical Analysis of Low-Voltage Varistor Clamping Voltage Variability under Switching Surges
survey and perception	Community Awareness and Perception of Electricity Theft: A Survey-Based Study with Audit Insights
sustainability	Combination of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) with Diesel Engines for Emission Reduction and Enhanced Energy Efficiency: A Review Water-Energy-Food Nexus Management in Rural Communities: A Comprehensive Review from an Engineering Perspective Li-bearing Mineral Bio-floatation And Phase Transformation For Readiness Of use In Energy Storage Devices And Systems: A Review Solar PV Grid-Connected System Analysis for Midlands State University, Zimbabwe Empowering Communities through Renewable Energy Sharing: An Energy Policy Perspective Review Economic and Sustainability Analysis of a Microgrid Design Integrating Photovoltaics, Energy Storage, and Combined Heat and Power Regulatory Innovation as a Catalyst for Energy Market Transformation
sustainable building	Solar PV Grid-Connected System Analysis for Midlands State University, Zimbabwe
Sustainable energy	The State of Biogas Energy use in South Africa
Sustainable Energy Management	Performance evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Anomaly Detection in Energy Usage Data
Sustainable Energy Solutions	Design and manufacturing of a customised economiser for a maximised boiler efficiency
Swarm Intelligence Optimization (SIO)	Optimal Placement of Static Var Compensator using Hybrid Optimization Technique
Synchronous Condensers	Reintroducing Synchronous Condensers In South Africa Is A Positive Addition To The Future
synchronous generator	Power Factor Analysis of Diode-Rectifier-Connected Permanent Magnet Synchronous Wind Generator
synchronous wind generator	Evaluation of Small-Scale Ferrite and Rare-Earth Permanent Magnet Wind Generators for Direct Battery Charging
synthetic inertia	Design and Implementation of a Low-Inertia Microgrid Platform with Real-Time Inertia Adjustment for Frequency Stability Analysis
System Inertia	Investigating Eskom's declining System Inertia and eliminating Load-shedding in South Africa by 2030
System stability	Exploring Voltage Stability Index for Effective Load Shedding in Power Systems During Contingencies: An In-depth Review
System Strength	Reintroducing Synchronous Condensers In South Africa Is A Positive Addition To The Future
T
Techno-Economic Analysis	Techno-Economic Analysis of Hybrid Solar-Assisted Air Source Heat Pump Systems: Enhancing Energy Efficiency and Sustainability in University Residences
Thatch Roof	A Case Study Analysis of The Relationship Between Lightning Mast Height and Frequency of Flashes
thermal burst	Forensic Analysis of Lightning Damage to Masonry
Thermal Energy Storage	A Design Optimisation of Green Hydrogen Production in South Africa Using Concentrated Solar-Thermal Power
Thermal Fault Gases	The Effect of Dissolved Gases on the Breakdown Strength of Ester Transformer Oil
Tie-switches	Distribution Network Reconfiguration using the Cuckoo Search Algorithm
time-delay estimation (TDE)	Improvement of Proportional-Integral-Derivative Control for Time-Delay Nonlinear Systems by a Time-Delay Estimation Method
time-delay system	Improvement of Proportional-Integral-Derivative Control for Time-Delay Nonlinear Systems by a Time-Delay Estimation Method
Time-of-use	Optimal Operation of Heat Pump Water Heaters in an Integrated Solar-Thermal-Grid Energy Systems
torque ripple	Performance Analysis of a Self-Excited Synchro-nous Reluctance Generator with an Optimized Slitted-Rotor Core
Toyota Corolla	Comparative Energy and Economic Analysis of Hyundai Kona EV With Toyota Corolla 2008 Model
Tracking efficiency	Comparative Assessment of MPPT Techniques for Solar PV Systems Under Uniform Insolation and Partial Shading Conditions
Traffic control	Smart Traffic Control Using Computational Algorithms and IoT
Transfer Learning	Design and Modelling of a Machine Learning Based Face Recognition Model for Access Control in an Electrical Plant Control Room Design and modeling of a Deep Learning Hybrid Fruit Disease Classification-Sorting Model
transformation	Li-bearing Mineral Bio-floatation And Phase Transformation For Readiness Of use In Energy Storage Devices And Systems: A Review
transformer	Comparison of Excitation Signals for Wide-band Modelling of a Distribution Transformer Partial Discharge Source Classification Using Machine Learning Algorithms
transformer models	Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Enhanced Wind Power Forecasting: A Comparative Study of Advanced Machine Learning Approaches
Transformer Monitoring	Advances in smart metering for the monitoring of distribution transformers
Transformer oil	Predictive modelling based on transformer oil data for power system planning and operation
Transformers	The Application of Regularization to Improve the Performance of Neural Network Multiclassification Model to Classify Transformer Faults via Dissolved Gas Analysis
transients	Low-cost Approach to Design ESD Protection Circuit for a Clap Switch
Transmission line faults	The impact of disturbances on grid connected inverter-based resources
Transmission system optimization	An Integrated Modelling Framework for Renewable Energy Integration in the Southern African Power Pool (SAPP)
Transportation Electrification	Optimal Placement of Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles: A Case for South Africa
Transportation Systems	Prototyping a High-Speed Levitating Train for Exploration of Possible Energy-Efficient Levitating Strategies
Tsumkwe	Multi-criteria Design of a Minigrid System: a Case Study of the Tsumkwe Plant in Namibia
TVS diode	Low-cost Approach to Design ESD Protection Circuit for a Clap Switch
U
Ultrafast Charging Stations	Integration of Electric Vehicle Ultra-Fast Charging Stations with Battery Energy Storage System and Solar Photovoltaic through a Medium Voltage Direct Current Distribution Network
uncertainty modelling	Key Elements in Stochastic Hosting Capacity Assessment Frameworks: A Review
Under/Over Voltage/Frequency Functions	Islanding Protection scheme based on IEC61850 GOOSE application for 11kV network with distributed energy resources
unit commitment (UC)	Investigating inclusion of linear sensitivity factors in analytical frequency constrained unit commitment formulation
utility audit	Community Awareness and Perception of Electricity Theft: A Survey-Based Study with Audit Insights
V
V2G	Impact of PHEV operating conditions and demand side management on economic operation of a community microgrid system Electric vehicles for grid flexibility
Variable Flux Machine	Effect of Magnet Dimensions on the Perfomance of Variable Flux PM Machines
Vectors	Multi-Disciplinary Paradigm for Enhancing Energy Security in Super grids
vehicle-to-grid technology	Assessing the Economic Viability of Vehicle-to-grid in South Africa
Vehicular Dynamics	Powertrain Sizing for a Retrofit Zero Emission Vehicle using Vehicular Dynamics: An Intercampus Test Scenario Case
Virtual Power Plants	A Hybrid Approach to Virtual Power Plants: Integrating Renewables, BESS and Forecasting in South African Smart Grids
voltage deviation	Impact of an electric vehicle, solar PV, and battery energy storage system in a distribution system
Voltage disturbances	Impact of Dynamic Voltage Restorer in Power Quality Disturbances Mitigation in Municipal Distribution Systems
voltage mode control	The Effect of Control Strategy on Voltage Stability in DC Micro-grids Operating with Constant Power Loads
Voltage Profile	Distribution Network Reconfiguration using the Cuckoo Search Algorithm
Voltage Profile Deviation	Optimal Placement of Battery Energy Storage System for Voltage Profile Improvement and Reduction of Power Losses
voltage regulation	IEC61850 GOOSE message application for a power transformer voltage control
voltage stability	Improving voltage stability of a power system network using battery energy storage system (BESS) Optimal Placement of Static Var Compensator using Hybrid Optimization Technique
Voltage stability index	Exploring Voltage Stability Index for Effective Load Shedding in Power Systems During Contingencies: An In-depth Review
Voltage swell	Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Voltage Swell Peak Amplitude in Grid-tied Photovoltaic Systems
Voltage Unbalance	Voltage Unbalance Performance Analysis in Distribution Networks
Voltage-Oriented Control	Mitigating Harmonic Distortion in Tidal Power Systems Through Optimized LCL Filtering
W
Waste heat recovery	Combination of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) with Diesel Engines for Emission Reduction and Enhanced Energy Efficiency: A Review
Water-Energy-Food Nexus	Water-Energy-Food Nexus Management in Rural Communities: A Comprehensive Review from an Engineering Perspective
wave energy	Technical and Economic Assessment of Wave Energy Convertors along the South African coastline: A Short Review
Wave Energy Converter (WEC)	Technical and Economic Assessment of Wave Energy Convertors along the South African coastline: A Short Review
Wide-band modelling	Comparison of Excitation Signals for Wide-band Modelling of a Distribution Transformer
wind	Modeling and Design of a Low-Speed Direct Drive Rare-Earth Free Flux Reversal Machines for High Power Wind Turbines
wind energy	Power Factor Analysis of Diode-Rectifier-Connected Permanent Magnet Synchronous Wind Generator
wind power forecasting	Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Enhanced Wind Power Forecasting: A Comparative Study of Advanced Machine Learning Approaches
winding configuration	Analysis of Different Winding Configurations of Double Stator Wound Field Flux Switching Motor
windings Introduction	Performance Evaluation of a Combined Star-Pentagon Connected Five-Phase Induction Machine with a Stator Coil Fault
wireless sensor network	Development of a smart agricultural monitoring System
Wound Field Machine	Rotor Poles Analysis of a Novel Wound Field Flux Switching Machine with π-Shaped Stator
wound rotor	Evaluation of Small-Scale Ferrite and Rare-Earth Permanent Magnet Wind Generators for Direct Battery Charging
Wound-field	Analysis of Different Winding Configurations of Double Stator Wound Field Flux Switching Motor
Z
Zebra Optimization Algorithm	Optimization of Load Frequency Control using Zebra Optimization Algorithm in Renewable Energy Integrated Power System
Zero Emission Vehicles	Powertrain Sizing for a Retrofit Zero Emission Vehicle using Vehicular Dynamics: An Intercampus Test Scenario Case
Zero-crossing	Design and Modelling of an AC Lighting Brightness Adjusting System for Energy Conservation

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