ABSTRACT. The ability of mutant Brevibacillus agri C15 CdR to remove cadmium (Cd) from artificial groundwater (AGW) under varied pH and the interactions of Cd, calcium, phosphate, and humic acid competing for ion exchange sites on Ca-alginate beads containing cells of strains, were investigated in small laboratory bench-scale column reactors. It was found that the highest removal rate and accumulative amount of Cd from AGW were achieved at pH 4.00. A significant impact was observed in the rate of Cd uptake due to the cation/anion or the humic acid effect. The preferential removal of Cd from natural river water (NRW, Walkham River) was also obtained. The hazard classification of this Cd-absorbent was classified as non-hazardous waste. Altogether, these results show that with mutant B. agri C15 CdR entrapped in calcium alginate gel, there was potential to remove Cd from the freshwater.

ABSTRACT. Objective: The purpose of this study was to design and construct a universal phantom, suitable for quality control in general X-rays and fluoroscopy imaging. Materials and methods: We developed a prototype of a universal phantom, considering simplicity of use and minimize cost in mind. Prototype housing and insert materials were used, taking into account physical characteristics, cost, and machinability. The designed prototype was compared to different commercially available quality control phantoms. In addition, the designed prototype phantom was evaluated by five independent users. Results: The designed universal phantom carried out all the necessary image quality tests for general X-ray and fluoroscopy confirmed with the NORMI 13 and NORMI Rad/Flu phantoms respectively. The findings of independent validation revealed that our designed phantom is of lower cost, easy to transfer, compact, can be set-up and used quickly, practical, and convenient. Conclusion: The designed universal phantom convinces to the objectives of one phantom for general and fluoroscopy X-ray imaging, which will be simple to use and fabricate at a lower cost.

ABSTRACT. The penetration of laser light in blood depends on optical properties of blood used to different laser at wavelength (632.8, 785nm) for whole blood for different Anemia diseases and different ages can be used in biomedical optics. the Measurement of the visible infrared (IR) spectrum of blood is important for optical biomedical diagnostics. therefore, This study aims to find an accurate physical method for diagnosis through the optical characterize of blood the optical characterize of normal blood and anemia disease samples by different lasers. All samples have prospered in the international laboratory for Pathological Analysis of blood. The systems of set up is consist of a laser source with a wavelength (632.8 nm) was used. EDTA Tubes for storing blood samples throughout the period of transportation from the hospital to the workplace and Tube was used to help prevent blood clotting. The blood sample of a person suffering from anemia and measuring the penetrating intensity of the sample according spectrum This study was calculated the absorption coefficient (2.6342 mm-1) for healthy using He-Ne (632.8nm) and (2.188651mm -1 ) using diode laser 785 nm In the case Anemia, the absorption coefficient μa (mm-1) for Ne-Ne laser was higher at (3.265 mm-1) than used diode laser with (2.4537 mm-1 ) and the scattering coefficients were (55.3002mm-1 )and (57.59mm-1) , at 632.8 , 785 nm, respectively. The higher refractive index of whole blood compared to use He-Ne laser for different cases healthy and Anemia than it used diode laser...

ABSTRACT. Salivary gland function has a significant impact in oral health, there are many conditions that can affect salivary gland function directly or indirect as a consequence such as hypertension which induces xerostomia. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are meditator proteins found in the extracellular matrix, MMP-9 also known as gelatinase B; is a member of gelatinases subgroup of enzymes involved in the degradation of collagen IV and remodeling of basement membrane. This study amid to evaluate the effect of family history of hypertension on salivary contents saliva flow rate, pH and MMP-9 levels in hypertensive Iraqi patients current study included sixty patients with hypertension after examination subjects distributed into two major groups: the first group I included 43 patients have family history of hypertension as a positive group, while 17 patients were presented as negative group II with no family history. The expectoration method was used to obtain the un-stimulated saliva. Samples of saliva were obtained from sixty adults aged 36-56 years attended to Department of Dentistry College / Al-Anbar University and local dental clinic in Al Anbar city/ Iraq. Flow rate was determined as (ml/min) and samples analyzed for pH using pH strips. Salivary MMP-9 was detected by immunoassay. MMP-9 salivary levels were significantly decreased (P = 0.014) in hypertensive patients with negative high blood pressure family history compared to high blood pressure positive family history patients...

ABSTRACT. The use of plastics in the world was rising every day. Therefore, plastics wastes must be managed. It can be utilized to produce fuel-like petroleum fractions depending on pyrolysis which is the thermal decomposition of plastics in the absence of oxygen. This work aims to reduce environmental pollution and reuse plastic waste as an alternative fuel source for petroleum products. High-density poly Ethelene (HDPE) was used in this work to produce liquid fuel such as gasoline, kerosene, and diesel. A comparison between the non-catalytic thermal process and catalytic process under the optimum conditions of temperature, pressure, and residence time was made using a laboratory 300 cm3 autoclave reactor with a high load temperature heater. The process was done under high pressure about 20 bar and temperature of 450oC with and without adding the Pt/Al2O3 and NiMo/Al2O3 catalysts for an hour as residence time. TGA analysis was made for the plastic. The catalysts were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). A set of laboratory experiments was done for the thermal and catalytic hydrocracking of waste plastics. The fuel products were then analyzed by using chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to evaluate the quality of products. The viscosity, density, API gravity, pour point, and flash point of products were also investigated. Most of the liquid fuel was produced in hydrocracking over Pt/Al2O3 catalyst reaction followed by thermal and hydrocracking NiMo/Al2O3 with approximately equal quantities. The amounts of aromatic, unsaturated aliphatic, and saturated aliphatic were also...

ABSTRACT. Background The use of Functional Movement Screening (FMS) to identify functional limits in basic functional motions is growing in popularity. The goal of this exploratory and investigative study was to confirm the viability of FMS in the presence of elite volleyball players. The goal of this study is to see if there's a link between elite volleyball players' functional sports screens (FMS) and upper limb function. Methods The competition attracted 50 volleyball players ranging in age from 18 to 35 years old. BMI is calculated as 60-80 kg for heights of 170-210 cm. Keep a digital record for later analysis. At least 3 months before to involvement, there is no history of musculoskeletal injury. The seven functional motor evaluation exercise modes (squat, hurdle step, overhead squat action, inline lunge, shoulder flexibility, straight leg elevation test, trunk stability push-up test) are employed as assessment tools for sports injury prevention. Questionnaire for the Assessment of Arm Disability (DASH). This test is used to assess upper limb function. There is a significant Pearson correlation coefficient. p≤0.05 is used to check whether there is a connection between variables. Rustle: Research results show that high scores for measuring arm injuries are different from performance screening test scores. (r=-.124, P=0.01) There is a strong connection between them. Conclusion Coaches and sports experts seem to believe that choosing the right exam for athletes is crucial

ABSTRACT. Abstract. In impoverished areas, vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is caused by insufficient food intake. Therefore, vitamin A determination is a reliable method for determining the population's Vitamin A status. Hence, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has emerged as the method of determining Vitamin A levels. Therefore, we studied the correlation of vitamin A levels by high-performance liquid chromatography HPLC and ocular manifestation in Ibn Al-Haitham Teaching Eye Hospital patients. Seventy patients with vitamin A insufficiency and 30 healthy people who serve as the control group Blood samples were aspirated from all individuals to measure the concentration of VA by HPLC. Vitamin A deficiency is known to be associated with night blindness. As a result, a detailed history was taken, and a clinical examination was performed. Laboratory investigations, such as serum retinol level, can help for predicting vitamin A status. Retinol levels were low in 53 patients (75%), while 17 patients (25%) with night blindness had normal plasma retinol level. This study revealed that all of the patients with low plasma retinol levels had eye findings of vitamin A deficiency in the form of night blindness. These results are statistically significant ((P< 0.001) 95% confidence interval (shown in Table 3), low levels of serum Retinol compared to normal were associated with ophthalmologic findings of hypovitaminosis A with vitamin A levels 28ug/dl. Patients with vitamin A-responsive Bitot's spots and night blindness were definitely inadequate. Patient had normal ocular examinations, no history of night blindness, and serum vitamin A levels above 28 ng/dl.

ABSTRACT. The Thyroid gland is an endocrine organ that exists in the human body andis responsible for producing and secretingThyroid hormone. Many things affect the performance of the thyroid gland and thus affect thyroid hormones, including gender, body mass index (BMI), age, and family history.As it receives a significant radiation dose from scattered radiation, the Thyroid gland is considered a potential target organ for radiation-related damage. The most common Thyroid manifestation of radiation is hypofunction, in addition to thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer. The aim of this study isassess occupational radiation exposure and protect safety among medical personnel in health care facilitiesThe present study consists of 80 individuals. Forty of them are radiology workers,while the other 40 are not workers in the radiation field.The Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4),levels were assessed utilizing Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).It was notice that with increasing age, a relative decrease in the hormone T3 and T4 for both (workers and control) was observed.Also, there was a significant P-value in ≥25 age group T4(P-value 0.0028) and in <45 age group T3 (P-value 0.026). In addition, It was found thatthe percentage of T3 and T4 was higher in males than in females for both exposed and unexposed radiation. Moreover, both males and females control have higher T3 and T4 hormones than workers.Yet, worker males had a higher TSH serum rate than the control. Also, there was a significant T4 P-value for females (0.023), nonetheless, there was not for T3 and TSH...

ABSTRACT. Purpose: Urinary stone analysis can now be done using a variety of physical and chemical procedures. The two favored procedures in this issue are infrared spectroscopy (IR) and EDAX. As a result, in order to set up a proper analysis procedure in our clinical laboratories, we agreed to conduct a practical comparison of the two techniques described above with a reference method. Materials and Methods: The urologic department at AL-Hussein Teaching Hospital used HO-YAG laser lithotripsy to remove 80 kidney stones. Then there was SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) morphological inspection and EDAX (Elemental Distribution Analysis X-ray) internal structure analysis, as well as IR infrared spectroscopy analysis. Results: The findings of EDAX analysis were the most consistent with those of FTIR analysis. The FTIR analysis for calcium oxalate stones was satisfactory (90 percent), but it was difficult (65 percent and 76 percent, respectively) for uric acid and cystine stones. Conclusion: Our findings show that EDAX is more accurate than FTIR, but FTIR is better for routine clinical laboratory due to cost considerations.

ABSTRACT. Iraq has been classified as part of the sunbelt region countries with the highest year-round solarization, using solar energy in many aspects. The study investigated steam generation at moderate temperatures and thermal performance enhancements in a parabolic trough collector. Two different models of receiver mini-tubes were tested experimentally: the first model (2mm); and the second model (6mm), with two different water flow rates (8L/h and 12L/h) in an open circular flow for each model. Thermal energy balance and optical calculations equations have been used to estimate thermal and optical efficiencies, respectively; furthermore, a numerical simulation of the vapor quality distribution at specific segments along the two receiver models were performed for four test simulation hours (11 AM- 2 PM) using the computational fluid dynamic approach implemented Ansys fluent 2021R1. According to the current study findings, the first model of absorber mini-tube effectively produced steam with a vapor quality of 74%; moreover, it achieved a maximum thermal efficiency of approximately 45.7% during the experiments, a considerable increase of approximately 65 percent over the second model of the solar absorber tube.

ABSTRACT. . Central corneal thickness has evolved intoboth a crucialparameter and mainfactorin the evaluation of glaucoma. Reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) is the only available methodto decrease the risk of glaucoma. Thereforethe accuracy of (IOP) readings is essential. This study intended to evaluate the relation between the central corneal thickness (CCT) and the intraocular pressure (IOP) in Iraqi patients. Across-sectional study was conducted at Ibn-AL Haitham teaching eye hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, from February 2021 to May 2021 (4 months).A selected sample of 236 patients (472 eyes), (123) females, and (113) males, with an age range between 30-60 years old, were examined. All participants underwent a central corneal thickness (CCT) measurement for both eyes utilizing corneal topography and pachymeter devices (bon SIRIUS 3D Rotating Scheimpflug Camera and topography system and Topcon SP-3000 specular microscopy).Then, they underwent a tonometer examination to determine the intra ocular pressure (IOP). Also, for both eyes, the design of the tonometer used during this study is Nidek NT 4000 non-contact tonometer.Linear regression analyses were performed to see if the central corneal thickness (CCT) and intraocular pressure (IOP) readings are related.The central corneal thickness (CCT) and intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements were found to have a substantial positive connection. For a total number of eyes (both eyes) of included subjects, (r =0.853, p<0.001).Therefore, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement by using a non-contact tonometer (NCT) is significantly affected by central corneal thickness among Iraqi subjects, and (IOP) adjustment to (CCT) is required to avoid misdiagnosis..

ABSTRACT. Background: Intraocular pressure is an essential parameter in the evaluation of glaucoma development, reducing Intraocular pressure (IOP) is for now the only method available to decrease the risk of glaucoma. Purpose: To evaluate the impact of gender on intraocular pressure (IOP), in Iraqi patients attending Ibn-AL Haitham teaching eye hospital. Materials and methods: Across-sectional study was conducted at Ibn-AL Haitham teaching eye hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, performed from February 2021 to May 2021, (4 months) period of time, a selected sample of 236 patients (472 eyes), (123) females and (113) males, with an age range between 30-60 years old, All participants underwent to a tonometer examination for the determination of the intra ocular pressure (IOP) for both eyes (the design of tonometer was used during this study is Nidek NT 4000 non-contact tonometer). Results: Unpaired t-test statistical analysis was performed and it was found that there is a significant difference in the mean of (IOP) between males and females, females had a significant higher (IOP) reading than male. Conclusion: Women tend to have a higher intraocular pressure than men of their same age group, also women possess an increased chance of ocular hypertension a decade earlier than men.

ABSTRACT. The aim of this paper is to introduce and investigate Neutrosophic pi-generated regular-closed sets in Neutrosophic topological space (NTS). And study the connection between Neutrosophic gr-closed sets and other Neutrosophic set classes is demonstrated. Furthermore, a new concept is researched and discussed of (NTS) known as a Neutrosophic πgr-T_(1/2)- space. The goal of investigating the properties of these new notions of Neutrosophic open sets using examples, counter examples, and some of their fundamental results.

ABSTRACT. Finding the most sustainable disposal and/or reuse strategies for sludge is one of the most widely stated objectives for sustainable wastewater treatment. In this study, dry wastewater sludge was utilized in concrete production as cement partial replacement with various percentages (0, 5, 10, and 15) % of cement weight. Hardened and microstructural tests such as compressive and flexural strength test, X-Ray Diffraction XRD, and Thermogravimetric Analysis TGA were achieved to analyze the influence of using dry sewage sludge in concrete production. The study showed that the reduction in concrete slump values were between (4.5-18.2) % comparing with reference specimens (without sludge), while the result of the compressive and flexural strength showed that the partial replacement of cement by dry sludge caused in reduction increased directly with the increase of sludge percentage in comparison with reference concrete specimens. The study found that dry sludge can be used up to 15% as a replacement in concrete sidewalks and roads because these applications use horizontal construction, which does not need the same high strength as vertical construction, and that using up to 10% dry sludge content in concrete may have a positive impact on reducing sludge levels in the environment and cost of cement production without a significant effect on compressive and flexural strength of concrete. The study aimed to Promote new technology of sludge reuse in Iraq as one of objectives of sustainable development in natural resources conservation and cost reduction due to sludge handling and treatment.

ABSTRACT. This work fabricated a NO2 gas sensor by depositing Fe3O4 on a quartz substrate using a pulsed laser deposition method with energies of (700 and 900) mJ. The XRD of the target pellet was examined, and it was found that the target was highly crystalline, with high purity, and no indication of other materials. The thin films prepared with energies of 700 mJ and 900 mJ were studied and analyzed through morphological examinations. When the energy was increased, the AFM indicated an increase in the size of the grains and a decrease in the roughness of the sample 900 mJ, SEM, and EDX to the disappearance of the cubic bodies covering the surface from their melting and fusion and an increase in the Fe element on O element deficiency. The I-V measurements of the samples indicated that the current increased when the gas entered them, and the sample prepared with the energy of 700 mJ was more affected than others. The sensitivity of thin films with 50 ppm NO2 gas was examined with changing temperatures, and the best sensitivity of the sample prepared with a capacity of 700 mJ and 250 is 564.3%. The same sample was taken at a temperature of 250 and exposed to different concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30) ppm the sensitivity was (76.1%, 97.3%, 170.3%, 204.4%, 285.4%, 304.9%).

ABSTRACT. hypertension, smoking, age, and diabetes are all factors that lead to atherosclerosis in blood flow during disease can be observed by calculating Doppler through the strength of the scattered using ultrasound techniques on dorsalis pedis in the foot. The goal of this study to use the correlation coefficient of average blood flow velocity and Doppler scattering to investigate factors that influence atherosclerosis. Study of the effect in blood flow by Doppler shift was achieved in Ibn Al-Nafees Hospital for Heart Patients and taking samples from patients with atherosclerosis aged between 35-90 years and taking ultrasound examinations. This study used a blood flow rate for 50 healthy. Distinguish for 42 patients by Doppler ultrasound techniques at the foot and statistical satisfy for the effect of age and diabetes according Matlab program. Results showed The Pearson r correlation coefficient between the average velocity of blood flow and Doppler shift is (0.94) to healthy and value at (0.99) for patients. this paper has shown a strong linear correlation. The factor of aging is more effect on blood flow for atherosclerosis patients with the increase of age causes a decrease in the average blood flow in the capillary of arteries.

ABSTRACT. The emanation of the “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)” has resulted in the “coronavirus disease (COVID-19)” cosmopolitan widespread of the virus. First, the Iraqi government forced compulsory quarantine of returning travelers and positive cases to curb and manage the viral outbreak. A COVID-19 positive cases descriptive evaluation in a quarantine facility in Baghdad-Iraq was performed. The age and gender prevalence of positive cases distribution according to gender, age group, and mean age, recovered and deceased were recorded and analyzed statistically. Up to 434 positive cases, 196 males and 238 females with age range were (≤ 20 – ≥ 70 years) were included. The highest infection was among the age group (60 – 69 years) in both gender recorded 25.5% among males and 23.5% among females (P = 0.055). The total number of recovered patients was 347, the highest percentage recorded 24.8% among the age group (40 – 49 years) meanwhile; 57 patients were deceased recorded 28.1% among the age group (60 – 69 years) (P = 0.051). The highest COVID 19 recovered cases distributed according to gender were 53.0% among females. Meanwhile; the highest deceased patients were males recorded 54.4% (P = 0.299). The evaluation revealed an immense need to power the quarantine medical institution for managing the flood of confirmed COVID-19 patients among the elderly who suffered from chronic lung diseases complications including pneumonia and acute respiratory failure.

ABSTRACT. Before establishing wind energy systems, it is necessary to conduct spatial wind mapping. Wind data can be seen via spatial wind mapping. My goal is to spatially map wind data in Iraq at various heights (10 m, and 50 m). GIS-based wind mapping provides us with a geographical distribution, which is useful for decision-making and wind energy development planning. Wind speed mapping was completed in order to determine the viable locations in Iraq at various heights. For constructing an estimated surface from sample data points, ArcGIS offers a variety of methods. The spherical model is used to do interpolation using the Kriging method (Simple and Ordinary). The World Geodetic System serves as the basis for the coordinate system (WGS 84). A cross-validation tool supplied by ArcGIS geostatistical Analyst is used to assess the model's interpolation accuracy and validity. The mean of interpolation errors were determined in five different formulas: Mean error(ME), Root Mean Square error(RMSE), Mean Standardized error(MSE), Root Mean Square Standardized error(RMSSE), and average standard error(ASE) (ASE). The goal of this study was to find the best approach for interpolating the spatial distribution of wind speed data at 10 meters and 50 meters in Iraq.

ABSTRACT. Semantic Web and Linked Open Data (LOD) made the data readable by machine as well as users. LOD, the set of principles for publishing and linking structured data on the web, open up opportunities for researchers to work on different approaches that utilize the huge data available in LOD cloud and its relations to develop applications in different domains. Recommendation System (RS) is one of these applications that need retrieving data for enriching items and users with extra features as well as utilizing the relations exist to enhance the RS and to solve the common problems such as; Cold-start, data sparsity, and limited content analysis that occur when few or no features characterize the items/users or there are no ratings to perform a recommendation process. Most previous research depend on pure link-based similarity measures which will degrade the accuracy of recommendation if there are insufficient links between the resources even though they share many features. In this paper, a hybrid approach is proposed to compute item similarity based on the different kinds of links exist and the features available in two Linked Open Data (LOD) datasets after representing them using word2vec model in order to produce a linked data-based RS with accurate recommended items. Experimental evaluation utilizing MovieLens dataset was carried out and hit rate measure is used to evaluate our approach and to compare with other baseline methods. The results indicate a 70% hit rate for our approach, which uses a hybrid semantic measure and outperforms other baseline methods.

ABSTRACT. In this paper, a proposed Congestion Control Algorithm (CCA) is designed and implemented based on Multipath TCP (MPTCP) to enable millimetre-wave (mmWave) network to receive more data and exploit network resources better than the other MPTCP Congestion Control Algorithms (MPTCP-CCAs). Instead of dividing the congestion window (CWND) into half, the proposed CCA decreases the CWND by Decreasing Factor (DF) which has value based on the period time between packet loss events. In this step, CWND can obtain the optimal state quickly and capture the available network resources properly. The proposed algorithm is implemented in Linux Kernel and evaluated in the Mininet emulator. In comparison with other algorithms such as MPTCP-LIA and MPTCP-OLIA and MPTCP-BALIA, the numerical and emulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves improvement 35.60% and 29.5% in terms of CWND and throughput respectively than the best performance of MPTCP-CCA.

ABSTRACT. In this article, a new parameterization direct method using Shifted Vieta Pell (SVP) functions is proposed to solve problems in the variation calculus. An explicit general formulation of operational matrix of derivative is obtained for the SVP functions and used to find an approximate solution for the calculus of variation problem. The first step in our suggested method is to express the unknown variables in terms of the basis functions SVP with unknown coefficients. Then, the operation matrix of derivative and some important properties of the SVP functions are applied to achieve a nonlinear programming problem in terms of the unknown coefficients. Then the quadratic programming algorithm is used to calculate the unknown parameters. Two test numerical examples of different calculus of variation types are demonstrated together with approximate solutions for proving the accuracy and applicability of the suggested SVP method.

ABSTRACT. In this paper, new analytical formula expressing explicitly the derivatives of Shifted Modified Chebyshev Polynomials (SMCPs) of any degree in terms of SMCPs themselves is contracted and proved. Then new scheme to obtain approximated solutions of optimal control problems is investigated. The obtained differentiation matrix is utilized in this scheme. The NSMCPs are used in the shifted case as a functional approximation. The aim of the presented scheme is to transfer the original optimal control problem to optimization problems by approximating the state variable using NSMCPs with unknown coefficients. Then the constraints equation and the objective function are reduced to algebraic equations. Thus, an optimal control problem is converted to an optimization problem. The proposed algorithm is designed to get simultaneously both efficiency and accuracy. The convergence of NSMCPs is also proved in this work. The high accuracy of the obtained results is illustrated with some numerical tests.

ABSTRACT. Bruchinea individuals were found in few and varying numbers within the Basrah Governorate areas and on different plants during the winter season 2020-2021, during November, December, and February. Insects were found in separate stores in most of Basrah Governorate, with a high density, as the presence Callosoruchus maculates, the field experiment showed the infection absence by Bruchinea individuals in the varieties of Vicia faba during the winter season .The experiment of the environmental isolation test of the C. maculates showed that the insect infects the Vicia faba in the field when combined with the grain, as the infection severity was higher on the local Vicia faba cultivar compared to the Egyptian and Holland variety .(45.83, 24.67, and 24.17) insects per of ten infested Vicia faba , respectively. The highest infestation rate was on the local Vicia faba cultivar compared to the Egyptian and Hollande cultivars (51.58, 27.92, and 27.92), respectively, but it was isolated in nature and infecting the grains in the store, indicating that the insect is isolated in appear and reproduction in the store environment, not the field.

ABSTRACT. In this paper, a New Modified Chebyshev Polynomials (NMCP) is first introduced with some important properties. These properties are employed to construct a general exact formula of their operational matrices of derivative and product. Then an appropriate iterative method is introduced for solving optimal control problems which is grounded on NMCP together with state parameterization technique. The resulting value shows the suggested method is able to provide analytic treatment and the numbers of unknown parameters are reduced with fast convergence. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated by solving some optimal control problems. The main modifications of the NMCP algorithm and the contribution in the idea of parameterization technique in terms of NMCP results in obtaining the approximate solution with less number of terms and unknown parameters with a satisfactory accuracy.

ABSTRACT. Medical images, especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for brain, today play an important role in diagnosing many diseases, to get a direct access to the all brain parts the medical images considered as a one of the most powerful obtainable resources that can be used without any surgery. these images suffer from several problems that may affect the final diagnosis process, especially as they contain some noise or are low in contrast , so the aim of this research is to present all the pre-processing operations that can be applied to magnetic resonance images of the brain and the techniques or algorithms that were used for the purpose of treatment Preliminary magnetic resonance images to improve and thus give accuracy in the diagnosis and comparison between these methods to identify the pros and cons of these methods. in the end, it was concluded that the magnetic resonance images of the brain must pass through the stage of pre-processing the images due to the problems these images suffer from, and it is necessary to obtain an accurate diagnosis in a shorter time

ABSTRACT. In this paper, the properties of Generalized Vieta Pell Functions (GVPFs) are studied. Then new definition for such functions is considered with some interesting properties. The definite expression for constructing the operation matrix of derivative of GVPFs is given which is the direct method to find the derivative of higher-order according to the requirement of the total differential equation. The explicit expression that relates the power function with the GVPFs is formulated in this work. Another contribution of the present paper is the generation of expressions for the product of two Generalized Vieta Pell Function vectors. All the above-mentioned results are applicable in a wide range of computational processes and are useful to find more exact results.

ABSTRACT. Municipal drinking water supplies are under great pressure globally, and one way to mitigate the problems is to reuse wastewater in various places. In this paper, the calculation of the greywater quantity from production, demand, and water supply in government buildings based on the British Code and according to the characteristics of the building in terms of installation units, number of employees, and working hours have been studied. The Public of Works and Maintenance Department in the Ministry of Construction, Housing, and Municipalities in Iraq as study area was selected because Corona pandemic according to WHO guidelines Hands should be washed several times throughout an hour to prevent the spread of the Covid 19 virus it means increasing of water consumption. The objective of this paper was the performance of greywater reuse on water savings. A simulation model was created based on real, classified water consumption data that predicts reuse potential. A scenario of greywater collection from the hand basin and its reuse for Wc flushing was investigated. This paper evaluated a feasible method to help alleviate the massive water shortage in Baghdad and specifically in government institutions by using greywater treatment recycling. This study showed that there is potential to reduce the total demand for drinking water by up to 44% by considering the reuse of greywater. Adoption of such a system will provide benefit both the consumer and the provider in many ways.

ABSTRACT. Naegleria fowleri is the most pathogenic of free living amoebae (FLA) and it is known as a causative agent of an acute and rapidly fatal disease of healthy human following exposure to contaminated water, called Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM) .The current study undertaken investigation and detection of Naegleria fowleri throughout morphological and molecular methods in different environmental and clinical samples at Thi-Qar province southern Iraq. This study included one hundred and two sample were collected from different environmental and clinical source during February to September 2020. The samples were cultured on NN-agar medium after that PCR was conducted on the culture positive samples. Overall 8 (7.84%)samples of environmental source (water and soil ) were positive on morphological characters ,N. fowleri. no recorded occurrence in any clinical sample .Among the 8 environmental isolates of N. fowleri that were positive microscopically , only 2(1.96%) sample ( one from tank water sample and one from soil sample ) of them were positive after polymerase chain reaction for N. fowleri using the specific primer. Eventually ,the present study considering the presence of potentially Naegleria fowleri in some samples from environmental sources that will be opened gate to further epidemiological studies for a better understanding of the role of Naegleria fowleri as a potential health threat to humans .

ABSTRACT. The current study was investigated the relationship between the inflammatory status, oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters of persons with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Material and Methods: All subjects’ patients, and healthy controls, followed by estimation levels of adiponectin (ADP), protein carbonyls (PC), Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). And show the differences of concentration in all participants. Finally investigate the Pearson's correlation (r) between these parameters. Results: there were increased significant variations in comparison between patients and healthy group in ADP, MDA, PC (P<0.01), whereas CAT, SOD (P<0.01), was remarkable lower in RA persons as compared to the healthy control. There was positive significant correlation between ADP with PC (r=0.27), and CAT (r=0.34). While moderate positive correlation was found between ADP with SOD (r=0.19). A negative correlation was observed with MDA (r= -0.04). The association of MDA with the other studied parameters showed a positive relationship between MDA with PC (r=0.12), while a negative correlation was found with SOD (r=-0.15). Conclusion: there were increased in the levels of oxidative stress in persons affected by RA demonstrated by elevated serum MDA, and PC that have resulted to alterations in the concentrations of some antioxidants, such as CAT, and SOD. In addition, there was an increasing in concentration of ADP. Regarding to the correlation there is positively correlated between ADP with PC, SOD, and CAT. MDA and PC have a significant positive association.

ABSTRACT. The goal of the current study was to isolate Klebsiella pneumoniae from various retail food samples in Baghdad, Iraq, evaluate antibiotic resistance in these isolates, determine certain virulence factors genes by PCR technique to study sequencing for this gene. this study will be performed from May to July 2021. A total of 20 isolates identified as K.pneumonia using traditional biochemical test band Vitek system, seven antibiotic was used to screen resistance and sensitivity in this study, IMI showed (14(70%)) resistance rate and 6 (30%) sensitivity rate while MRP,FEP,PRL exhibited 13(65%) resistance rate and 7(35%) sensitivity rate. ATM,FOX,CAZ showed 16 (80%) résistance rate and 4 (20%) sensitivity rate. the more common virulence genes were amplified by PCR were fimH, was 14 (25%), while Wabg has a prevalence of 5 (14%) cases. Urea A0 0%. The sequence of nitrogenous bases for sex-specific PCR products was identified. The results of the DNA Blast/NCBI software revealed that these sequences are nearly identical to those of the standard strains of K. pneumonia previously documented in the gene bank, with a similarity of nearly 99 %. Additionally, the transversion and transition of nucleotides were observed in some positions of the nitrogenous bases after comparing the sequences of the tested genes and the standard.

ABSTRACT. Fuzzy mathematics is an area of mathematics concerned with fuzzy set theory and fuzzy logic. The description provided by fuzzy sets is more accurate than the description provided by conventional sets. The paper highlights a set of new fuzzy mathematics approaches. The structure of Algebra G-fuzzy metric space )AGFM-space) as a new type for the concept of G-metric space (as described by Mustafa and Sims) is introduced. A condition for the G^*-completion of an AGFM-space was proposed. Moreover, some enhanced versions of theoretical applications in AGFM-spaces are developed.

ABSTRACT. Biased estimation is one of the most significant strategies for dealing with the multicollinearity problem and excessive variance in the linear regression model. In order to address these issues, the researchers utilized biased estimators. Based on modified ridge regression, we present the modified unbiased ridge regression estimator (MURRE) (URR). The performance of MURRE is theoretically proven when compared to various biased estimators using the mean squares error (MSE) as a measure of goodness of fit. We show that, when compared to other limited estimators, the MURRE estimator has favorable qualities. Finally. The results are illustrated using simulation study and a numerical example from literature.

ABSTRACT. The AFIS (Automated Fingerprint Identification System) is used by many countries to identify individuals via their fingerprints. In this system, fingerprint inputs are compared with all the images stored in the given database. A huge number of comparisons is required when the database is very large; thus, fingerprint classification is used to eliminate a number of comparisons (reduced database penetration rate). Deep learning techniques have advanced several domains in a remarkable fashion, especially computer vision processing. This paper surveys research on fingerprint classification utilizing convolutional deep learning. It begins with an examination of fingerprint features, the provides an overview of convolutional deep neural networks and some types of CNN models. Moreover, it presents a comparison and complete analyses of 10 research projects based on: CNN models, dataset, accuracy achieved, hyperparameters.

ABSTRACT. This research focuses on study and defining of some basic concepts and terms that help in understanding the components and the separate of surfaces, with pointing to some of their applications in architecture, such as buildings and structures. The research problem can be summarized is that some architects suffer because of lack of sufficient knowledge of engineering methods for designing and implementing separate surfaces in an easy way with an acceptable cost. The research relied on the numerous studies include architects, computer programmers and constructionists that participated in order to reach innovative ways to develop computer programs. It’s help to made the design and implementation stages of the complex buildings and facilities easier with acceptable cost, thus achieving the aim of the research.

ABSTRACT. Toxoplasmosis is the common name for disease and infection in human and animal caused by the opportunistic parasite named Toxoplasma gondii . That parasite is which be obligated intracellular parasite that capable of infected all warm – blood animals including mammals and birds , toxoplasmic encephalitis and congenital birth deficiencies caused by this parasite. Toxoplasmosis can cause serious pathological conditions such as hepatitis, blindness, abortion, pneumonia, and cruel neurological disorders. These conditions are most common in patients who have weakened immune systems. According to reports that T. gondii can alter personality traits in both men and women, it's likely that alterations in sexual hormones play a part in Toxoplasma infection. Androgen such as testosterone which is circulating hormone in blood stream ,its production occur in Leyding cells in testicles . Testosterone hormone play essential role in development of male characteristic ,it promotes the development of secondary sexual characteristic in men ,such as facial hair growth in axillae ,the larynx cartilage growth ,prostate growth and development in men and depth of men sound

ABSTRACT. Object detection using deep learning has very wide applications in several area. Children in human society may use sharp objects such as knives, forks, hammers, and scissors to injure themselves without their parents' awareness. Sharp object identification software must be coupled with video-based security and surveillance systems to monitor such activities. To implement that, this propose use the You Only Look Once (YOLOv3) approach to detect sharp objects. When contrasted to other object detection algorithms, the YOLOv3 methodology has a number of advantages. Other algorithms, such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Fast-Convolutional Neural Network (FCNN), do not examine the image thoroughly, whereas YOLOv3 does so by predicting the bounding boxes with a convolutional network and determining class probabilities for these boxes, as well as detecting the image faster than other algorithms. The proposed system was used to detect many types of dangerous objects on children, such as knives, forks, hammers, and scissors. The images datasets utilized to train and test the network in this experiment were extracted from the video. These images are colored and captured of children wielding non-safety sharp objects. the data set is 425 images and the testing is 160 images According to the research findings, the proposed system effectively recognizes the objects with 85% percent accuracy.

ABSTRACT. Islamic architecture extended from China in the east to Andalusia in the west, and a long-time span of more than 14 centuries. Several influences have contributed to the formation of the characters of this architecture, including the different climate, materials and methods of construction, and the political, legislative and religious systems. The problem of the research is that the process of defining the Islamic city according to Islamic thought is inaccurate and needs to know the motives for the emergence of Islamic cities and read them according to an in-depth view of Islamic civilization and Arab society. This study aims to identify the effect of Islamic thought in achievement social sustainability in planning the Arab city To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher followed the analytical approach (interpretation, criticism, and deduction) in studying the conditions of the Islamic or Arab city, and knowing how close it is to the methodology of Islamic thought, by studying the locations of some Arab Islamic cities that were established in different periods in the Islamic state (the city of Baghdad as a model). The study reached a set of results that emphasized the difference effects in the planning of the Islamic city and the Arab city, which was based on the reasons for its emergence or the application of Islamic Sharia provisions in establishing the urban components of these cities. The study also included recommendations indicating the importance of defining the methodology in Islamic cities. And our contemporary view of these cities.

ABSTRACT. Background: Allergic Rhinitis (AR) is the most public form of nasal allergy, which is mediated by various anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-35 (IL-35) and Interleukin–4 (IL-4) respectively. Objective: We assessed the effect of the allergen in the serum levels of IL-4 and IL-35 in patients with AR , and their role in the appearance and progression of allergic rhinitis in Iraqi fuel station workers . Methods: A hundred patients with allergic rhinitis and thirty healthy control adults aged 20–59 years were studied. Serum levels of IL-4 and IL-35 were measured by sandwich ELISA for immunological testing and levels for eosinophil and Leukocyte by complete blood count (CBC) for hematological assay. Results:The results showed highly significant increases in total WBC, IL4, IL3, and eosinophil (P=0.00), (P<0.05). Moreover, There was a significant positive association between Eosinophil and IL35, with a correlation coefficient of (r=0.22), suggesting a minor effect size (p =0.032, 95.00 % ). Furthermore, the binary logistic regression analysis (BLR) of IL35 was shown to be highly significant (B = -0.02, OR = 0.98, p0.001), indicating that a one-unit increase in IL35 reduces the chance of being in the AR group. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis revealed that IL35 had the highest area under the curve (AUC) than other markers, with a value of (0.976) compared to other parameters, indicating that it is an excellent predictor and strong marker for AR, with a sensitivity and specificity of 93% and 100%, respectively...

ABSTRACT. Landfills are seen as a significant danger to surface and groundwater resources. Baghdad suffers from waste management and landfill problem. This is due to a lack of an intelligent disposal system that considers public health and safety foundations and standards and careful engineering planning. The population growth caused an increase in the amount of waste produced, with the quantity of waste produced per capita in Baghdad reaching about (1- 0.6) kg\day; this has resulted in waste accumulating in random dumps, with significant ecological impact, especially for groundwater, surface water, and soil. Landfills are a standard method of garbage disposal. Approximately 95% of the world's trash is disposed of in a landfill. Compared to other waste management strategies, such as rubbish reuse and recycling, waste burning, and subsequent burial in dumpsites, this method is an economical and systematic way to handle the waste. One of the most severe problems with landfilling is leachate pollution. COD, ammonia, and color are three of the most problematic characteristics in stabilized leachate. This study examined several parameters for soil for landfill and surrounding soil such as(TDS, Ca⁺², Mg⁺², Na⁺, Cl⁻, So4⁼, Co3 cont, O.M( and, heavy metals such as (Pb, Ni, Ni, Cu, Fe, Cr, Cd). And the result that high level of soil pollution It was also found that the surrounding soil is polluted at rates exceeding the specified limits because of brick and tanning factories.

ABSTRACT. Software developers in modern, large-scale software engineering should not only focus on writing code but, continually examine monitoring data to justify dynamic behavior in their systems. In recent years, in light of the culture of development operations (DevOps), the monitoring responsibility of the developer has emerged. lack of experience, short deadlines, and competition in the markets, code violation may occur. This study discusses monitoring challenges as well as suggests improvements to improve the performance and quality of the software product so that developers can take advantage of these improvements in the future. This paper discusses code smell detection techniques, detection tools, classification, and how to refactor the code.

ABSTRACT. It is well known that tobacco contain various chemical compounds that may affect human health such as different diseases and biological activities including fertility. The current study was designed to assess the probable impact of cigarettes smoking on fertility and kids gender ratio. A total of 500 smokers were surveyed using well prepared quaternary sheet contains information related to the number of daily smoked cigarettes, smoking history and offspring sexual percentages. It was found that the highest percentage of surveyed smokers had only female kids recording 43.2 % while only 6.2 % of those having only male kids. However, 16.4 % of the smokers had more female kids and 23.6 % had more male kids whereas 10.6 % was found in those of smokers having equaled percentage of both genders. Also, it seems that those of prolonged smokers giving only female kids had the highest percentage of 39.4 % while the same smokers but with the short period (up to 5 years) gave the lowest percentage (9.1 %). On the other hand, the similar modern smokers with only male kids gave the highest percentage of 65.0 % while the same smokers but with prolonged smoking practice had a percentage of only 35.0 %. However, prolonged smokers with equalized gender ratio showed highest percentage of 72.7. Also, the smokers with long period with more female kids had the highest percentage of 62.9% while similar smokers but with short period showed the lowest value of 5.7 %. Regarding smoked cigarette number

ABSTRACT. Modern radiotherapy modalities allow irradiation of the tumor to high dose values and irradiation of organs at risk to low dose values at the same time. In this paper, we study geometrical radiation treatment plan parameters made in the Monaco system for Elekta Synergy linear accelerator. The aim of this study was to select the optimal geometric characteristics of the plan with different target volume types. In the framework of the study, 12 dosimetric plans were created for each case. For the first case, anatomical data of a patient with prostate cancer was chosen in mode of high-dose hypofractionated radiotherapy (5 fractions of 7.25 Gy). For the second case the dosimetric treatment plans were prepared for patient’s anatomical data with a complex shape of target volume, base of tongue cancer, in the simultaneous integrated boost VMAT mode (25 fractions of 2.0 and 2.4 Gy).

ABSTRACT. Countries continue to develop different ways to combat the virus and limit the spread of "Covid-19" as the novel coronavirus pandemic spreads all over the world. As part of the measures taken to combat the virus, information on diagnostic methods, infection and symptoms, and the latest research regarding treatment and vaccine have been updated. The main objective of this paper is to reduce the enormous burden on the healthcare system by providing the best way to diagnose patients and predict the infection of COV-19 effectively. As a result of the scientific development in computers and their applications, this science has treated many medical problems. Clinical trials and human skills are still required despite the undeniable contributions of artificial intelligence (AI) and data research responsible for fighting the pandemic. They are a global and open-source tool capable of assisting in this health emergency. However, due to the severity of the threat of this virus to global health and the rapid development of the virus, these solutions remain insufficient to combat this virus. This research paper uses data mining based on artificial intelligence and machine learning (ML) algorithms to detect and diagnose COVID-19 infection based on clinical diagnostic tests prepared previously in the Iraqi Ministry of Health. The model was provided with a dataset of the COVID-19 virus using the Python programming language. To develop the model where the model predicts that this person is infected or not infected with the virus, and if it is proven....