CADE-28: THE 28TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AUTOMATED DEDUCTION
THEDU'21 ON SUNDAY, JULY 11TH

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08:00-10:00 Session 2E: ThEdu Workshop: ATPs in Geometry
Location: ZoomRoom 1
08:00
Towards Next Step Guidance in Triangle Construction Problems

ABSTRACT. We describe our work in progress on extending our automated triangle construction solver ArgoTriCS with the possibility of checking correctness of partial constructions given by the student and suggesting the next construction step when the student gets stuck.

08:30
Four Geometry Problems to Introduce Automated Deduction in Secondary Schools
PRESENTER: Pedro Quaresma

ABSTRACT. The introduction of automated deduction systems in secondary schools face several bottlenecks, the absence of the subject rigorous mathematical demonstrations in the curricula, the lack of knowledge by the teachers about the subject and the difficulty of tackling the task by automatic means.

We are proposing that we can, nevertheless, introduce the subject of automated deduction in secondary problems by addressing it in particular cases. Particular cases, simple to manipulate by students and teachers, and reasonably easy to be dealt by automatic means. In such a way that friendly, with a natural language and geometric renderings, geometry automated theorem prover can be built.

The subject is discussed addressing four problems secondary schools geometry problems. Its rigourous proofs, visual proofs, numeric proofs, algebraic formal proofs, synthetic formal proofs, or the lack of them. Four this problems we discuss a classroom plan to address them with the help of Information and Communications Technology (ICT), more specifically, automated deduction tools.

09:00
Symbolic Comparison of Geometric Quantities in GeoGebra
PRESENTER: Zoltán Kovács

ABSTRACT. Comparison of geometric quantities usually means obtaining generally true equalities of different algebraic expressions of a given geometric figure. Today's technical possibilities already support symbolic proofs of a conjectured theorem, by exploiting computer algebra capabilities of some dynamic geometry systems as well. We introduce GeoGebra's new feature, the Compare command, that helps the users in experiments in planar geometry. We focus on automatically obtaining conjectures and their proofs at the same time, including not just equalities but inequalities too.

09:30
Prooftoys: a Proof Assistant for Beginners

ABSTRACT. Prooftoys is a web-based visual proof assistant with a modern user interface, written in JavaScript to run in modern Web browsers.

Its purpose is to support non-experts in exploration and self-education in logic and axiomatic mathematical reasoning, using the real numbers as a starting point. The design is driven by an overriding concern for simplicity and a less difficult learning process.

This demonstration walks through several scenarios of use of Prooftoys, showing how to work with it, what to expect from it, and hopefully revealing a little about the principles it is based on.

10:00-10:30Break
10:30-12:00 Session 4E: ThEdu Workshop: ATPs in Geometry; Isabelle in Education
Location: ZoomRoom 1
10:30
Automated Discovery of Geometrical Theorems in GeoGebra
PRESENTER: Zoltán Kovács

ABSTRACT. We describe a prototype of a new experimental GeoGebra command and tool Discover that analyzes geometric figures for salient patterns, properties, and theorems. This tool is a basic implementation of automated discovery in elementary planar geometry.

11:00
Teaching Intuitionistic Propositional Logic Using Isabelle

ABSTRACT. We describe a formalization of intuitionistic propositional logic in the Isabelle/Pure framework. In contrast to earlier work (where we explored the pedagogical benefits of using a deep embedding approach to logical modelling) here we employ a simpler axiomatic instance modelling. This gives rise to simple and natural teaching examples and we report on the role it played in teaching our Automated Reasoning course in 2020 and 2021.

11:30
Make Isabelle Accessible!
PRESENTER: Walther Neuper

ABSTRACT. Isabelle and other advanced proof assistants are reaching maturity for engineering of security-critical software and for clarifying abstract mathematics; they implement a vast amount of mechanised mathematics knowledge. Isabelle provides several front-ends, and an experimental one is VSCode.

At Johannes Kepler University the “Institut Integriert Studieren (IIS)” is involved in supporting students with special needs and in research to make software “accessible” for those students. Since one member of IIS and co-author of this paper is a mathematician and and personally affected by special needs in vision, accessibility in mathematics software is an important field of research of IIS.

The recent discovery, that Isabelle/VSCode is greatly accessible, now comes into relation with long-lasting cooperation in the ISAC -project: presently the ISAC -prototype is being integrated into Isabelle such, that it can re-use all of it’s front-ends (and eventually inheriting accessibility).

ISAC had been designed to re-use Isabelle’s mathematics knowledge, but it reduces the complexity of proof to “structured derivations”, that means to calculations as taught in academic engineering courses and at high-school. So this paper envisages new prospects to continuous tool support for mathematics at the interface between high-school and university for all students, including visually impaired ones.

12:00-12:30Break
12:30-14:00 Session 6E: ThEdu Workshop: Automated Deduction Educational Applications
Location: ZoomRoom 1
12:30
Learning Theorem Proving by Example - Implementing JavaRes
PRESENTER: Adam Pease

ABSTRACT. Did PyRes [15] achieve its goal of being a sufficient model for learning about how to implement a first-order ATP system? JavaRes is a demonstration prover patterned after PyRes. In this paper we discuss the architecture and data structures of this prover and the experience of one of us implementing the prover, without prior expertise in writing an au- tomated theorem prover prover. We present performance measurements relative to PyRes and other systems. To illustrate the value of JavaRes for learning about theorem proving we also mention the implementation of several features beyond the original PyRes concept.

13:00
Evolution of SASyLF 2008-2021

ABSTRACT. SASyLF was released in 2008 and used as a proof assistant in courses at several universities. It proved itself useful and has continued to be used, and each iteration of use has encouraged further development: fixing bugs and adding enhancements. This paper describes how SASyLF was developed while keeping true to its purpose. Most notable are making substitutions explicit, support of and/or, support for mutual and lexicographic induction. and IDE support.

13:30
A Drag-and-Drop Proof Tactic
PRESENTER: Pablo Donato

ABSTRACT. Resuming the effort initiated by the proof-by-pointing project, in which formal proofs are constructed through mouse actions, we present a first version of a drag-and-drop proof tactic. We argue that such a tactic provides quick and intuitive proof construction steps and could be a step towards more accessible proof-systems, for instance in education. The precise description of the tactic and its implementation involve theoretical tools coming from focused proofs and deep inference.

14:00-14:30Break
14:30-15:20 Session 8C: ThEdu Workshop: Invited Talk
Location: ZoomRoom 1
14:30
How can we make Formal Proof Teachable?
15:20-16:20 Session 9: ThEdu Workshop: Automated Deduction Educational Applications
Location: ZoomRoom 1
15:20
Automated Grading of Automata with ACL2s
PRESENTER: Ankit Kumar

ABSTRACT. Almost all Computer Science programs require students to take a course on the Theory of Computation which covers various models of computation such as finite automata, push-down automata and Turing machines. Theory of Computation courses tend to emphasize paper-and-pencil mathematics over programming. As a consequence, students typically receive feedback on their work only after it has been graded, which can take several weeks. We present tools that provide automatic feedback for constructing finite automata, push-down automata and Turing machines. These tools are based on the ACL2s interactive theorem prover, which provides advanced methods for stating as well as proving and disproving conjectures. Since feedback is automatic, our tools can be deployed at scale and integrated into massively open online courses.

15:50
Automated Instantiation of Control Flow Tracing Exercises

ABSTRACT. One of the first steps in learning how to program is reading and tracing existing code. In order to avoid the error-prone task of generating variations of a tracing exercise, our tool TATSU generates instances of a given code skeleton automatically. This is achieved by a finite unfolding of the program in the style of bounded model checking and using the SMT solver Z3 to find models for this unfolded program.