Tags:climate change, Mann-Kendall test, SDG 13, Sen’s slope estimator method and temperature trends
Abstract:
Climate change has emerged as one of the greatest challenges the humanity is facing today due to its significant impacts on the environmental sustainability and ecosystem. The urban centers are considered as the prime hubs for the human induced climate change consequences due to the larger industrial activities, landuse changes and urbanization, deforestation, and release of Greenhouse Gases and aerosols into the atmosphere which results in the occurrence of urban heat islands and warmer climate in the urban cities. This study investigates the past annual and seasonal temperature trends over the five major urban centers of Pakistan including Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad, Peshawar, and Quetta for the period of 1990-2020 using the Mann-Kendall test. The Sen’s slope estimator method was used to detect the magnitude of change and the serial correlation in the time series data was removed using the Pre-whitening method. The results obtained showed a warming trend of annual mean temperature at Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad, and Quetta stations, while a significant decreasing trend was found at Peshawar station at 95% confidence interval. It is therefore concluded that the land use changes, rapid urbanization and other anthropogenic activities are among the major causes for the warming temperatures in the major urban centers of the country.
Warming Trends over the Major Urban Centers of Pakistan Due to Climate Change