ABSTRACT. Even in the shrinking printing market, film printing for food packaging and other applications is on the rise. On the other hand, the accumulation of waste plastics that cannot be recycled, incinerated, or exported, and their disposal is a challenge not only for Japan but also for global ecosystem. We are working on the development of a system to remove ink from the huge amount of waste plastic used for test printing in plastic printing factories, and reuse it as test printing film, and eventually recycle it.

ABSTRACT. It stands to reason that someone observes mirrored imaging according to direction of viewing if you draw something on transparent materials. Our research group proposed one-way observable window signage using transparent optical films such as a 1/4 wave plate. But this window display had a defect that transparency was less than the original glass window because of polarizers for light controls. To solve this weak point, we needed to find new technology for generating color using a transparent material. This paper shows a one-way observable window decals using dye-doped resin layers for unidirectional color generating by light controls and material development. You can confirm that the color generating mechanism using a transparent material realizes the one-way observable imaging which enables to make transparent from back.

ABSTRACT. Suppose that you look Arabic numerals on transparent glass windows. Which does it mean '85' or '28'? You end up watching the mirrored images when you view from back side. This paper shows a one-way observable display for aero signage whose images are floating in the air. To solve mirrored image problems, the authors have utilized dye-doped prisms and total internal reflection in optics. The color changes depending on the depth of water. The deeper, the darker water becomes blue. This is the reason why some color is generated in the dye-doped material. The authors put the letterings made by intaglio printings for arranging dye-doped tiny prisms on a glass window. You can watch these colored letterforms from front and transparent pixels from back.

ABSTRACT. Interest for alternative methods to animal testing is increasing, because of requirements for animal welfare. In vitro cell culture models are promising alternatives and three-dimensional skin models are commonly utilized as alternatives to human skin. Here, we developed a novel cell culture insert for generation of three-dimensional skin models. Bottom surface of the cell culture insert consists of micro-porous membrane film with micro-scale structures fabricated by photolithography, which mimic the surface undulating patterns of human skin. Three-dimensional skin models cultured using the novel cell culture insert showed increased thickness of 1.7-fold and 60% improvement of barrier function compared to skin models cultured on conventional flat surfaces. The novel cell culture insert could be a robust tool for generation of in vitro cell culture models.

ABSTRACT. Liquid crystal devices (LCDs) are common electronic devices and are widely used any place and at any time. The display is an interface for information between man and machine. From this viewpoint, LCDs are useful for information technology at present. The modification of the physical properties of liquid crystals by doping nanoparticles have received much attention from the view point of the enhancement of the performance of LCDs. In this paper, we report the detailed results of ultrasonic and microwave reaction for the preparation of supramolecule-stabilized nanocolloids. LCDs fabricated by 4’-pentylbiphenyl-4-carbonitrile doped with the supramolecule-stabilized nanocolloids show an obvious fast electro-optic switching. In addition, we discuss a relationship between the fast response and physical parameters of liquid crystal.

ABSTRACT. The impulse-induced jet, which has a focused shape, has a great potential to improve the current automotive painting system, with regards to its capability of ejecting jets of high viscous liquids. According to a previous research, the pinching-off depends on the jet velocity and the liquid properties. Thus, we also expect that the printed volume could be predicted by the jet velocity. To inspect the relationship between the printed volume and the jet velocity, printed area and thickness were measured simultaneously with jet velocity. Analysis showed a correlation between the printed volume and the jet velocity.

ABSTRACT. Powder electroluminescent (EL) devices with an electric field type excitation are planar light emitting devices that can be fabricated on paper using only the printing process, not limited to glass or plastic film, reducing material costs and manufacturing time and providing excellent environmental resistance. However, due to the low transparency of conventional paper substrates, improving the light out-coupling efficiency of powder EL devices has been an issue. To address this issue, we focused on cellulose nanofiber, which has excellent transmittance, designed a powder EL with a bottom emission structure, and quantitatively evaluated the relationship between substrate characteristics and EL characteristics.

ABSTRACT. Au nano-particles with island structure immobilized on transparent electrode by pulse electrolysis. The stabilities of electrochromic changes of polypyrrole and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)[PEDOT] were drastically improved by using this electrode.

ABSTRACT. To overcome various shortcomings associated with commercial metal-effect gloss paints containing metal flakes, the development of organic-based paints that exhibit metal-like colors has been eagerly awaited. In our previous study, we found that anion-doped oligomers of 3-methoxythiophene exhibited gold-like luster in the coating film. In the present study, we found that the coating films of anion-doped 3-alkoxythiophene oligomers exhibited different colors with metallic luster by introducing different alkoxy groups at the 3-position. instead of the methoxy group that has been used in our previous studies. We report herein the details of these experimental results and the mechanism of color and gloss development.

ABSTRACT. Titanium oxide has been widely used as an external additive for electrophotographic toners. One of the factors that titanium oxide contributes to toner performance is the improvement of charge stability. In this study, we investigated the triboelectric charging behaviors of titanium oxide doped polyester films in contact with iron carrier beads. As a result, it was found that the humidity dependence of triboelectric charging was reduced for films containing anatase type titanium oxide, but was not for films doped with rutile type titanium oxide.

ABSTRACT. The memory characteristics of solution-processed organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) based on polythiophenes with organic floating-gate layers composed of an organic insulator of poly(methylmethacrylate) and a small-molecule semiconductor of TIPS-pentacene have been investigated. The memory characteristics can be improved by addition of a small amount of soluble fullerene derivatives to the floating-gate layer, which helps increase the on- and off-current ratio. Furthermore, programming voltages can be reduced to 20 V by using thin parylene gate insulators as a result of the decrease in the subthreshold swing and the increase in the drain current. We have demonstrated that our OFETs can record images as stored charges by using reflected light from the black and white striped patterns for their applications to printed image sensors.

ABSTRACT. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a light emitting phenomenon induced by electrochemical redox reaction. We have reported that ultrafast ECL response below 100 μs was successfully obtained under AC voltage application by immobilizing Ru(Ⅱ) on DNA-modified electrode. In this study, in order to develop function of the ultrafast ECL device, we introduced blue-luminescent 9,10-diphenylanthracene (DPA) into the ECL device consisting of DNA/Ru(Ⅱ) film. As a result, ultrafast response of blue luminescence from DPA was obtained in the DNA/Ru(Ⅱ) film by application of AC voltage. Interestingly, large decrease of driving voltage for appearance of the blue ECL was also observed.

ABSTRACT. The red-emissive Y2O3:Eu3+ inorganic thin films on Si substrate were synthesized by the sol-gel derived spin-coating followed by a rapid thermal annealing process. The electroluminescent (EL) properties of the Y2O3:Eu3+ thin films combined with ion gel electrolyte were investigated in a simple structure, i.e., the ion gel electrolyte was inserted between the Y2O3:Eu3+ thin film and indium-tin-oxide (ITO) electrode. The EL behaviors of our simple structure assisted by ion gel electrolyte revealed lower turn-on voltage (20 V, 60 Hz) compared with previously reported EL devices based on inorganic thin-film luminescent materials. It can be explained by the strong field due to the electrical double layer generated by mobile ions in the ion gel electrolyte.

ABSTRACT. A powder and tunable Y2SiO5:Tb3+ electroluminescence device has been demonstrated through a conventional screen printing method. The phosphor was prepared by solid-state reaction, which annealed under N2 gas ambient and formed X1-phase of Y2SiO5 without any by-product. It showed tunable emission in the function of different dopant concentrations. The EL emitted blue spectrum peaking at 416 nm with 0.1% of Tb3+ concentration. Subsequently, it emitted green peaking at 543 nm under 1% of dopant concentration. The EL emission started at the threshold field of 5.6 MV/cm. Finally, we provided the EL emission intensity in the function of various voltages, frequencies, and temperatures.

ABSTRACT. Mesoporous silica particles which have uniform nanopores and a large specific area are able to adsorb various kind of functional molecules, ions, and complex. Stabilization and novel stimuli-response of incorporated compounds are expected by adsorbing them into designed nano space of the host material. In this reserch, we introduced fluorescent leuco dye (Yellow-1) into the mesoporous silica and are studying the change of its coloration and luminescence behavior under application of external stimuli-response such as temperature change and exposure to vapor of certain molecules.

ABSTRACT. In this study, the radiation efficiency of antennas using transparent conductive thin films were investigated. As a result, it is found that radiation efficiencies of 68% were obtained for monopole antenna using ITO with a thickness of 300 nm, on an experimental basis.

ABSTRACT. A large amount of plastic waste is hardly recycled and still remains in landfills in our environment. This situation might cause environmental problems and make it difficult to find space available for discarding additional disposal waste. As demand for solving global problems, the development of renewable, degradable, and recyclable materials, such as a composite of polycaprolactone (PCL) and agricultural byproducts, have been pursued in recent years. However, the compatibility between them is too low due to the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties. In this study, a maleated polymer is improved for better compatibility between them with a focus on the optimum maleated concentration for the grafted polymer: PCL-g-MA.

ABSTRACT. We have prepared organic conducting nanocomposite inks consist of polypyrrole and indium tin oxide (ITO). The nanocomposite of polypyrrole and ITO represent potentially useful processable forms of polypyrrole, normally intractable conducting polymers. Polypyrrole-ITO conducting inks were easily dispersed by charge stabilization due to the electrical charge of the original ITO particles without surfactant. The conductivities of polypyrrole-ITO conducting inks exhibited the same order of magnitude relative to bulk polypyrrole. The polypyrrole-ITO conducting inks dried at room temperature showed electrical conductivity on flexible plastic and flexible paper substrates.

ABSTRACT. Atrial flutter is one of the heart diseases and is diagnosed by ECG. However, since diagnosis is difficult by ECG, improvement in diagnosis accuracy is required. The purpose of this study is to improve the accuracy of judgment by highlighting the characteristics of the disease. In this study, we use the open source ECG database to discriminate between normal and disease. First, to remove the noise, the wavelet transform is used to remove the low and high frequencies of the ECG. Then, this ECG is analyzed by “attractor reconstruction” used in chaos theory. As a result, different characteristics are observed between normal and disease ECG transformed using this method. It is suggested that these diseases can be easily classified by “attractor reconstruction”

ABSTRACT. We have invented QR codes that cannot be seen in the visible light region but can be detected in the infrared region using anode oxidation of niobium and masking by photolithography. As far as we know, the QR code is the first example that shows both visible and invisible on a metal depending on the light condition. The QR code could be used for the new type of anti-counterfeiting.

ABSTRACT. Manufacturing sites in the printing industry have a variety of sophisticated technologies. However, most of the technologies are based on individual rules of thumb backed by workers’ sensibilities. We at DNP's analysis department are conducting research to scientifically elucidate such empirical rules and make the most of their essence. Visualization is one of the most useful technique in this research. In this paper, we report on the development of face shield with eave that is effective in suppressing cough droplets spread. In this development, “visualization” contributed to prove the functions and the effects of the product.

ABSTRACT. The main function of a packaging is to communicate with consumers while protecting the physical products from the environment. Packaging consists of primary packaging and secondary packaging. Observation shows that the current coffee carrier does not fulfil some of the functional aspects that packaging must perform. It lacks in terms of communication, utility and protection. Additionally, the practicality needs to be improved to meet customer needs. Therefore, there is a need to develop a proper coffee carrier for the convenience of the customer. User and product-centric approaches were considered in the design and development of this packaging. This study aims to design and develop a practical coffee carrier through a systematic way of product development with the integration of print production workflow.

ABSTRACT. The purpose of this industry analysis is to understand the competitiveness of the Malaysian printing industry in an economic-related condition. Porter’s diamond theory of the competitive advantage of nations (CAN) was utilised to assess economic-related conditions such as human resource level, raw material endowment, technology, productivity, and business-friendly economic policies by reviewing existing datasets from related government agencies, international organizations and leading analyst firms. The development of the Malaysian printing industry shows a promising future as explained by Porter’s diamond theory analysis

ABSTRACT. Packaging is used for containing, enclosing and protecting respective products from damages and harm during the distribution, transportation, storage and sale. It can also be a marketing platform that helps identify, describe, inform and promote the product to potential customers. The observation reveals that a lot of skincare lotions do not have secondary packaging hence the possibility of being exposed to any damage is likely higher due to the contradictory characteristics of each product. The objective of this study is to design and develop packaging by concentrating on both the product and user aspect. Furthermore, this project aims to enhance the communication, protection and practicality through a systemized and fitting industrial standard of offset lithography printing process workflows.

ABSTRACT. We report that films with precisely controlled thicknesses and transmittances can be produced using SWNT-polymer inks. The polymer wrapping SWNTs could be successfully removed using either solution curing or photonic curing at room temperature. A sheet resistance as low as 70 Ω/sq at T = 90% was obtained. Further, the SWNT film on PEN exhibited superior flexibility and stability in flexure endurance test of 200,000 cycles with a curvature radius of 10 mm. The simple method with these excellent performance characteristics may open a wide range of opportunities for flexible electrical devices such as flexible transistors, sensors and touch panels and allow further scale-up of the manufacturing process such as roll-to-roll production lines.

ABSTRACT. Malaysia is progressing toward becoming a developed country, robotics is a fairly interchangeable term in the context of science, mathematics, stem, and technology. The purpose of this Educational Module Box invention is to provide a box that will include almost all learning kits with the most required hands-on equipment. Its also has its own Augmented Reality (AR) which enables digital information to be superimposed and can help us transform our immediate surroundings into learning, work and entertainment spaces as its novelty. On this box its contains QR Code so that the student can download our own Instagram filter to promote robotic using social media. The purpose of this box is to providing educational materials related to the topic and subject.

ABSTRACT. It stands to reason that someone observes mirrored imaging according to direction of viewing if you draw something on transparent materials. Our research group proposed one-way observable window signage using transparent optical films such as a 1/4 wave plate. But this window display had a defect that transparency was less than the original glass window because of polarizers for light controls. To solve this weak point, we needed to find new technology for generating color using a transparent material. This paper shows a one-way observable window decals using dye-doped resin layers for unidirectional color generating by light controls and material development. You can confirm that the color generating mechanism using a transparent material realizes the one-way observable imaging which enables to make transparent from back.

ABSTRACT. Suppose that you look Arabic numerals on transparent glass windows. Which does it mean '85' or '28'? You end up watching the mirrored images when you view from back side. This paper shows a one-way observable display for aero signage whose images are floating in the air. To solve mirrored image problems, the authors have utilized dye-doped prisms and total internal reflection in optics. The color changes depending on the depth of water. The deeper, the darker water becomes blue. This is the reason why some color is generated in the dye-doped material. The authors put the letterings made by intaglio printings for arranging dye-doped tiny prisms on a glass window. You can watch these colored letterforms from front and transparent pixels from back.

ABSTRACT. Interest for alternative methods to animal testing is increasing, because of requirements for animal welfare. In vitro cell culture models are promising alternatives and three-dimensional skin models are commonly utilized as alternatives to human skin. Here, we developed a novel cell culture insert for generation of three-dimensional skin models. Bottom surface of the cell culture insert consists of micro-porous membrane film with micro-scale structures fabricated by photolithography, which mimic the surface undulating patterns of human skin. Three-dimensional skin models cultured using the novel cell culture insert showed increased thickness of 1.7-fold and 60% improvement of barrier function compared to skin models cultured on conventional flat surfaces. The novel cell culture insert could be a robust tool for generation of in vitro cell culture models.

ABSTRACT. Liquid crystal devices (LCDs) are common electronic devices and are widely used any place and at any time. The display is an interface for information between man and machine. From this viewpoint, LCDs are useful for information technology at present. The modification of the physical properties of liquid crystals by doping nanoparticles have received much attention from the view point of the enhancement of the performance of LCDs. In this paper, we report the detailed results of ultrasonic and microwave reaction for the preparation of supramolecule-stabilized nanocolloids. LCDs fabricated by 4’-pentylbiphenyl-4-carbonitrile doped with the supramolecule-stabilized nanocolloids show an obvious fast electro-optic switching. In addition, we discuss a relationship between the fast response and physical parameters of liquid crystal.

ABSTRACT. The impulse-induced jet, which has a focused shape, has a great potential to improve the current automotive painting system, with regards to its capability of ejecting jets of high viscous liquids. According to a previous research, the pinching-off depends on the jet velocity and the liquid properties. Thus, we also expect that the printed volume could be predicted by the jet velocity. To inspect the relationship between the printed volume and the jet velocity, printed area and thickness were measured simultaneously with jet velocity. Analysis showed a correlation between the printed volume and the jet velocity.

ABSTRACT. Powder electroluminescent (EL) devices with an electric field type excitation are planar light emitting devices that can be fabricated on paper using only the printing process, not limited to glass or plastic film, reducing material costs and manufacturing time and providing excellent environmental resistance. However, due to the low transparency of conventional paper substrates, improving the light out-coupling efficiency of powder EL devices has been an issue. To address this issue, we focused on cellulose nanofiber, which has excellent transmittance, designed a powder EL with a bottom emission structure, and quantitatively evaluated the relationship between substrate characteristics and EL characteristics.

ABSTRACT. Au nano-particles with island structure immobilized on transparent electrode by pulse electrolysis. The stabilities of electrochromic changes of polypyrrole and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)[PEDOT] were drastically improved by using this electrode.

ABSTRACT. To overcome various shortcomings associated with commercial metal-effect gloss paints containing metal flakes, the development of organic-based paints that exhibit metal-like colors has been eagerly awaited. In our previous study, we found that anion-doped oligomers of 3-methoxythiophene exhibited gold-like luster in the coating film. In the present study, we found that the coating films of anion-doped 3-alkoxythiophene oligomers exhibited different colors with metallic luster by introducing different alkoxy groups at the 3-position. instead of the methoxy group that has been used in our previous studies. We report herein the details of these experimental results and the mechanism of color and gloss development.

ABSTRACT. Titanium oxide has been widely used as an external additive for electrophotographic toners. One of the factors that titanium oxide contributes to toner performance is the improvement of charge stability. In this study, we investigated the triboelectric charging behaviors of titanium oxide doped polyester films in contact with iron carrier beads. As a result, it was found that the humidity dependence of triboelectric charging was reduced for films containing anatase type titanium oxide, but was not for films doped with rutile type titanium oxide.

ABSTRACT. The memory characteristics of solution-processed organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) based on polythiophenes with organic floating-gate layers composed of an organic insulator of poly(methylmethacrylate) and a small-molecule semiconductor of TIPS-pentacene have been investigated. The memory characteristics can be improved by addition of a small amount of soluble fullerene derivatives to the floating-gate layer, which helps increase the on- and off-current ratio. Furthermore, programming voltages can be reduced to 20 V by using thin parylene gate insulators as a result of the decrease in the subthreshold swing and the increase in the drain current. We have demonstrated that our OFETs can record images as stored charges by using reflected light from the black and white striped patterns for their applications to printed image sensors.

ABSTRACT. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a light emitting phenomenon induced by electrochemical redox reaction. We have reported that ultrafast ECL response below 100 μs was successfully obtained under AC voltage application by immobilizing Ru(Ⅱ) on DNA-modified electrode. In this study, in order to develop function of the ultrafast ECL device, we introduced blue-luminescent 9,10-diphenylanthracene (DPA) into the ECL device consisting of DNA/Ru(Ⅱ) film. As a result, ultrafast response of blue luminescence from DPA was obtained in the DNA/Ru(Ⅱ) film by application of AC voltage. Interestingly, large decrease of driving voltage for appearance of the blue ECL was also observed.

ABSTRACT. The red-emissive Y2O3:Eu3+ inorganic thin films on Si substrate were synthesized by the sol-gel derived spin-coating followed by a rapid thermal annealing process. The electroluminescent (EL) properties of the Y2O3:Eu3+ thin films combined with ion gel electrolyte were investigated in a simple structure, i.e., the ion gel electrolyte was inserted between the Y2O3:Eu3+ thin film and indium-tin-oxide (ITO) electrode. The EL behaviors of our simple structure assisted by ion gel electrolyte revealed lower turn-on voltage (20 V, 60 Hz) compared with previously reported EL devices based on inorganic thin-film luminescent materials. It can be explained by the strong field due to the electrical double layer generated by mobile ions in the ion gel electrolyte.

ABSTRACT. A powder and tunable Y2SiO5:Tb3+ electroluminescence device has been demonstrated through a conventional screen printing method. The phosphor was prepared by solid-state reaction, which annealed under N2 gas ambient and formed X1-phase of Y2SiO5 without any by-product. It showed tunable emission in the function of different dopant concentrations. The EL emitted blue spectrum peaking at 416 nm with 0.1% of Tb3+ concentration. Subsequently, it emitted green peaking at 543 nm under 1% of dopant concentration. The EL emission started at the threshold field of 5.6 MV/cm. Finally, we provided the EL emission intensity in the function of various voltages, frequencies, and temperatures.

ABSTRACT. Mesoporous silica particles which have uniform nanopores and a large specific area are able to adsorb various kind of functional molecules, ions, and complex. Stabilization and novel stimuli-response of incorporated compounds are expected by adsorbing them into designed nano space of the host material. In this reserch, we introduced fluorescent leuco dye (Yellow-1) into the mesoporous silica and are studying the change of its coloration and luminescence behavior under application of external stimuli-response such as temperature change and exposure to vapor of certain molecules.

ABSTRACT. In this study, the radiation efficiency of antennas using transparent conductive thin films were investigated. As a result, it is found that radiation efficiencies of 68% were obtained for monopole antenna using ITO with a thickness of 300 nm, on an experimental basis.

ABSTRACT. A large amount of plastic waste is hardly recycled and still remains in landfills in our environment. This situation might cause environmental problems and make it difficult to find space available for discarding additional disposal waste. As demand for solving global problems, the development of renewable, degradable, and recyclable materials, such as a composite of polycaprolactone (PCL) and agricultural byproducts, have been pursued in recent years. However, the compatibility between them is too low due to the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties. In this study, a maleated polymer is improved for better compatibility between them with a focus on the optimum maleated concentration for the grafted polymer: PCL-g-MA.

ABSTRACT. We have prepared organic conducting nanocomposite inks consist of polypyrrole and indium tin oxide (ITO). The nanocomposite of polypyrrole and ITO represent potentially useful processable forms of polypyrrole, normally intractable conducting polymers. Polypyrrole-ITO conducting inks were easily dispersed by charge stabilization due to the electrical charge of the original ITO particles without surfactant. The conductivities of polypyrrole-ITO conducting inks exhibited the same order of magnitude relative to bulk polypyrrole. The polypyrrole-ITO conducting inks dried at room temperature showed electrical conductivity on flexible plastic and flexible paper substrates.

ABSTRACT. Atrial flutter is one of the heart diseases and is diagnosed by ECG. However, since diagnosis is difficult by ECG, improvement in diagnosis accuracy is required. The purpose of this study is to improve the accuracy of judgment by highlighting the characteristics of the disease. In this study, we use the open source ECG database to discriminate between normal and disease. First, to remove the noise, the wavelet transform is used to remove the low and high frequencies of the ECG. Then, this ECG is analyzed by “attractor reconstruction” used in chaos theory. As a result, different characteristics are observed between normal and disease ECG transformed using this method. It is suggested that these diseases can be easily classified by “attractor reconstruction”

ABSTRACT. We have invented QR codes that cannot be seen in the visible light region but can be detected in the infrared region using anode oxidation of niobium and masking by photolithography. As far as we know, the QR code is the first example that shows both visible and invisible on a metal depending on the light condition. The QR code could be used for the new type of anti-counterfeiting.

ABSTRACT. Manufacturing sites in the printing industry have a variety of sophisticated technologies. However, most of the technologies are based on individual rules of thumb backed by workers’ sensibilities. We at DNP's analysis department are conducting research to scientifically elucidate such empirical rules and make the most of their essence. Visualization is one of the most useful technique in this research. In this paper, we report on the development of face shield with eave that is effective in suppressing cough droplets spread. In this development, “visualization” contributed to prove the functions and the effects of the product.

ABSTRACT. The main function of a packaging is to communicate with consumers while protecting the physical products from the environment. Packaging consists of primary packaging and secondary packaging. Observation shows that the current coffee carrier does not fulfil some of the functional aspects that packaging must perform. It lacks in terms of communication, utility and protection. Additionally, the practicality needs to be improved to meet customer needs. Therefore, there is a need to develop a proper coffee carrier for the convenience of the customer. User and product-centric approaches were considered in the design and development of this packaging. This study aims to design and develop a practical coffee carrier through a systematic way of product development with the integration of print production workflow.

ABSTRACT. The purpose of this industry analysis is to understand the competitiveness of the Malaysian printing industry in an economic-related condition. Porter’s diamond theory of the competitive advantage of nations (CAN) was utilised to assess economic-related conditions such as human resource level, raw material endowment, technology, productivity, and business-friendly economic policies by reviewing existing datasets from related government agencies, international organizations and leading analyst firms. The development of the Malaysian printing industry shows a promising future as explained by Porter’s diamond theory analysis

ABSTRACT. Packaging is used for containing, enclosing and protecting respective products from damages and harm during the distribution, transportation, storage and sale. It can also be a marketing platform that helps identify, describe, inform and promote the product to potential customers. The observation reveals that a lot of skincare lotions do not have secondary packaging hence the possibility of being exposed to any damage is likely higher due to the contradictory characteristics of each product. The objective of this study is to design and develop packaging by concentrating on both the product and user aspect. Furthermore, this project aims to enhance the communication, protection and practicality through a systemized and fitting industrial standard of offset lithography printing process workflows.

ABSTRACT. We report that films with precisely controlled thicknesses and transmittances can be produced using SWNT-polymer inks. The polymer wrapping SWNTs could be successfully removed using either solution curing or photonic curing at room temperature. A sheet resistance as low as 70 Ω/sq at T = 90% was obtained. Further, the SWNT film on PEN exhibited superior flexibility and stability in flexure endurance test of 200,000 cycles with a curvature radius of 10 mm. The simple method with these excellent performance characteristics may open a wide range of opportunities for flexible electrical devices such as flexible transistors, sensors and touch panels and allow further scale-up of the manufacturing process such as roll-to-roll production lines.

ABSTRACT. Malaysia is progressing toward becoming a developed country, robotics is a fairly interchangeable term in the context of science, mathematics, stem, and technology. The purpose of this Educational Module Box invention is to provide a box that will include almost all learning kits with the most required hands-on equipment. Its also has its own Augmented Reality (AR) which enables digital information to be superimposed and can help us transform our immediate surroundings into learning, work and entertainment spaces as its novelty. On this box its contains QR Code so that the student can download our own Instagram filter to promote robotic using social media. The purpose of this box is to providing educational materials related to the topic and subject.