CU-ICADI 2016: 3RD COVENANT UNIVERSITY INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT ISSUES
PROGRAM FOR TUESDAY, MAY 10TH
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09:00-11:45 Session 5: Sub-Theme Presentations: Day Two
  • Opening Prayer: The Chaplain, CovenantUniversity 09.00–09.03
  • Welcome Address: Chairman, Conference Organizing Committee 09.03–09.08

P6 - Sustainable agriculture and food security

  • Presenter: Prof. Emmanuel Oladipo
    • Coordinator GEF, National Project on Sustainability and Resilience for Food Security. 09.10–09.35
  • Reactions: 09.35–09.50

P7 - Gender parity and sustainable development in Africa

  • Presenter: Dcns. Doyinsola Ogunbiyi, 
    • President/CEO, Reach Out Integrated 09.55-10.20
  • Reactions: 10.20-10.35

P8 - Health and environmental issues for sustainable development in Africa

  • Presenter: Dr. Wole Kukoyi
    • MD/CEO Ace Medicare 10.40-11.05
  • Reactions: 11.05-11.20
Chair:
Lanre Amodu (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Location: ALDC Main Auditorium
09:00
Emmanuel Oladipo (Global Environment Facility: Sustainability and Resilience for Food Security, Nigeria)
P6 - Sustainable agriculture and food security
09:40
Doyinsola Ogunbiyi (Reach Out Integrated, Nigeria)
P7 - Gender parity and sustainable development in Africa
10:20
Wole Kukoyi (Ace Medicare, Nigeria)
P8 - Health and environmental issues for sustainable development in Africa
SPEAKER: Wole Kukoyi
11:45-14:00 Session 6A: Track 1A

SESSION I (Track 1A): Sustainable Infrastructure for development in Africa

1. Osahon James Ediae, Isidore Chukwunweike Ezema, Akunnaya Pearl Opoko and Albert Adeboye.

CHANGE IN USE AND MEANING OF SPACES IN BENIN TRADITIONAL PALACE ARCHITECTURE IN NIGERIA

2. Olatunji Fadeyi, Abimbola Adegbuyi, Ifeanye Ogbonna and Edwin Agwu.

ASSESSMENT OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP ON INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

3. Adekemi Oluwadare, Olufemi Obembe and David Olayungbo.

TECHNOLOGY ACQUISITION AND PRODUCTIVITY AMONG NIGERIAN FIRMS

4. Anthony Sholanke, Albert Adeboye, Adedapo Oluwatayo and Oluwole Alagbe

EVALUATION OF UNIVERSAL DESIGN COMPLIANCE AT THE MAIN ENTRANCE OF SELECTED PUBLIC BUILDINGS IN COVENANT UNIVERSITY, OTTA, OGUN STATE, NIGERIA

5. Isaiah Oluranti Olurinola, Michael Kayode Bolarinwa, Ebenezer Bowale and Israel Ifeoluwa Ogunrinola.

ICT ACCESS AND SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMAL MICRO- AND SMALL-BUSINESS ENTERPRISES IN NIGERIA

6. Chisa Elenwo, Ifeoma Nwakudu and Oladunni Izobo-Martins

INCREASING THE PERFORMANCE OF PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE: AN ARCHITECTURAL PERSPECTIVE

7. Samuel Ajayi, Adebayo Owolabi and Ayobami Busari.

MEASURES THAT ENHANCE FAVOURABLE LEVELS OF SERVICE AND THEIR MODES OF  SUSTAINABILITY ON MAJOR ROADS IN SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA: AKURE AS CASE STUDY

8. G. Bamgboye, K. Adekalu, A. Busari, I. Tenebe, P. Emenike, B. Oniemayin, J. Jolayemi and G. Adeyemi

ASSESSMENT OF GRAVEL PROPERTIES SOURCED WITHIN OYO NORTH SENATORIAL DISTRICT: CASE STUDY OF OGBOMOSO

9. Gideon Adeyemi, Gideon Bamigboye and Anthony Ede

GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS APPLICATION IN SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE ANALYSIS

 

Chairs:
Albert Adeboye (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Olabosipo Fagbenle (Covenant University, Nigeria)
David Olukanni (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Location: CEDS Hall 1
11:45
Osahon James Ediae (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Isidore Chukwunweike Ezema (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Akunnaya Pearl Opoko (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Albert Adeboye (Covenant University, Nigeria)
CHANGE IN USE AND MEANING OF SPACES IN BENIN TRADITIONAL PALACE ARCHITECTURE IN NIGERIA

ABSTRACT. Benin City is the traditional headquarters of Benin kingdom with the Oba of Benin as the traditional head. The aim of this study is to examine Benin Traditional Palace Architecture with a view to identifying transformations in the use and meaning of the spaces. The study therefore relied on qualitative and historical approaches. These approaches generated descriptive and analytical data. Study revealed that, virtually all the spaces in the Oba’s Palace still maintain their uses and meaning with the exception of the Ugha Iwoi, Ewedo, Egbe-Owa nokhua, Egbe-Owa nekhere, Azar and Igbedia.

12:00
Olatunji Fadeyi (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria)
Abimbola Adegbuyi (covenant university, Nigeria)
Ifeanye Ogbonna (Babcock University, Ilesan Remo Ogun State., Nigeria)
Edwin Agwu (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State., Nigeria)
ASSESSMENT OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP ON INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

ABSTRACT. The era of government singlehandedly providing infrastructural facilities are long gone. Governments all over the world in this new dispensation cooperate with the private sectors in the provision and management of various infrastructural facilities in their respective countries. This study focuses on Public Private Partnership (PPP) with respect to its effect on infrastructural development in Nigeria. It sets out to assess the role of this union of convenience on the growth of various infrastructures in Nigeria, with a view to evaluating in specific terms the challenges of the partnership on infrastructural development in Nigeria and to proffer solutions to them. Finding revealed that Public Private Partnerships in Nigeria are faced with challenges ranging from dearth of financing and when such is in place, it carries high interest rate. Another strong challenge hinges on lack of experience in project financing by bank officials and technical expertise. The findings further revealed lack of sound legal and institutional framework as a backing for Public Private Partnership in Nigeria. Despite these challenges, the study finds that the mutual relationship between the Public and Private sector had contributed immensely to the growth of infrastructures in the country as revealed by this reviewed work. The study recommends the establishment of the required regulatory framework for proper implementation of Public Private Partnership projects. Moreover, Nigerian banks through the CBN should be assisted to cope with the financing skills required for PPP.

12:15
Adekemi Oluwadare (National Centre for Technology Management, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, Nigeria)
Olufemi Obembe (Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria)
David Olayungbo (Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria)
TECHNOLOGY ACQUISITION AND PRODUCTIVITY AMONG NIGERIAN FIRMS

ABSTRACT. This study examines the statistical relationship between technology acquisition and productivity in Nigerian firms. The exploitation of technology in production and firm operations has benefits which include satisfying consumer needs, improving export potential, gaining competitive edge and entering into new markets. The role of technology in firm operations has been well explored in developed economies, but little evidence exists in the developing country context, especially in Nigeria. Technology acquisition, broadly described as a process in which firms obtain technology from both internal and external sources, is measured as the sum of expenditure on R&D, royalty payments and technical/license fees. The Cobb-Douglas production function is modeled with acquired technology as an input into the production process, and output, capital and labour included in the productivity equation are measured by turnover, fixed assets and labour cost, respectively. Data was obtained from the published annual reports and accounts of randomly selected non-financial firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange between 2001 and 2013. The firms are distributed across approximately eight sectors and the dominant ones are firms in the consumer goods, industrial goods and healthcare sectors. The data obtained was analysed using the Arellano and Bond Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) technique which is known to address problems of endogeneity. The GMM estimates obtained indicate a negative and insignificant relationship between technology acquisition and productivity in Nigerian firms. This was against the a priori expectation. This provides evidence that foreign-sourced technology negatively impacts on productivity in the country and might indicate that the technology acquisition/transfer processes in the country do not include the development of absorptive capacity. Policy recommendations provided in this study include designing industrial policies in Nigeria to ensure effective technology acquisition/transfer processes and to develop and promote the use of indigenous technology in the private sector.

12:30
Anthony Babatunde Sholanke (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Albert Babajide Adeboye (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Adedapo Adewunmi Oluwatayo (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Oluwole Ajala Alagbe (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Evaluation of Universal Design Compliance at the Main Entrance of Selected Public Buildings in Covenant University, Otta, Ogun State, Nigeria

ABSTRACT. Sustainability involves meeting the needs of everyone now without compromising the ability of meeting future needs of anyone. Poor infrastructure has been identified as one of the process that slows down a sustainable development process. Provision of easy access to use public facilities and environments for everyone is crucial in the development of a sustainable community. However in many countries public buildings and environments are not easily accessible to people living with disabilities due largely to designed accessibility features not suitable for the physically challenged. Such scenario does not only hinder people living with disabilities from developing their potentials to the fullest for both personal and societal development, but against civic and fundamental human rights of those who have one form of disability or the other. This is why many countries have enacted disability and accessibility laws and standards aimed at improving access for the physically challenged. Nevertheless, many others still handle issues of disability on charity or welfare bases, which is detrimental to the sustainability of the built environment. To this end, several concepts to improve accessibility and usability have evolved over the years, one of which is universal design, a concept from the field of Architecture. Universal design is attracting attention worldwide as an all-inclusive approach to enhance access for everyone, especially the physically challenged in the development of sustainable communities. The concept seeks to design products and environments to be usable by all, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for adaptation or specialized design. As Covenant University in Ota Ogun State, Nigeria aims at becoming one of the top ten universities in the world by 2022, it is imperative that its facilities and environment are universally designed. It is against this backdrop that this study evaluates the compliance of the main entrance of selected key public buildings in Covenant University with a view to improve access for people living with disabilities. The study adopts qualitative research approach and collects data by observation and review of relevant literature and documents. Data collected were analyzed, discussed and presented by descriptive approach. The study finds that the main entrance of the case study buildings were not fully universally designed and made some recommendations to help improve access for the physically challenged.

12:45
Isaiah Oluranti Olurinola (Covenant University, Nigeria, Nigeria)
Michael Kayode Bolarinwa (NISER, Nigeria)
Ebenezer Bowale (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Israel Ifeoluwa Ogunrinola (Covenant University, Nigeria)
ICT ACCESS AND SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMAL MICRO- AND SMALL-BUSINESS ENTERPRISES IN NIGERIA

ABSTRACT. This paper examines the roles that access to ICT and improved social infrastructure play on the performance levels of informal micro and small business enterprises in Nigerian. For formal sector organisations, studies have been conducted to verify this, but not much is known with respect to informal sector organisations. This study therefore intends to bridge this yawning gap by carrying out an analysis of the impact of the access to telephone (a major component of ICTs that is mostly used in informal sector enterprises) and improved road networks among informal micro and small businesses in Nigeria. The study relies on primary data on the informal sector enterprises collected by the Nigerian Institute for Social and Economic Research (NISER) in 2014. Basic descriptive statistics in addition to the Logistic Regression model is used in the analyses of the data. Policy measures that will enhance further development of micro and small businesses in Nigeria will be recommended.

13:00
Chisa Elenwo (Covenant University, Canaanland, Ota, Nigeria)
Ifeoma Nwakudu (Covenant University, Canaanland, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria)
Oladunni Izobo-Martins (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria)
Increasing the Performance of Physical Infrastructure: An Architectural Perspective
SPEAKER: Chisa Elenwo

ABSTRACT. Abstract Infrastructure development is the basis of measuring the performance of democratic leaders and it is the foundation of good democratic governance. Sufficiency of the physical infrastructure is paramount for economic integration and development. This study aims to investigate the efficiency of physical infrastructure from an architectural perspective through public buildings performance evaluation. The paper observes previous studies which have identified valid problems relating to the performance of physical infrastructure especially in public buildings. Using secondary data from literature and existing conditions of six public buildings in South-west Nigeria, this paper examines observations on the selected buildings. The building condition rating scale provided the framework for observations. The finding shows that the challenges in the public buildings are numerous and include finance, technology for development, maintenance and design. The study concludes that Nigeria Government has the power to put the buildings in place and providing good infrastructure will make our environment conducive for the users. Infrastructure development in democratic governance involves identifying the right project, carrying out feasibility and viability studies and carrying out physical development of the project. Based on the findings, it is recommended that sustainability, inclusivity and technology should be prioritized in all national sectors in order to brave the efficiency challenges of the 21st century society.

13:15
Samuel Ajayi (Nigerian Building and Road Research Institute, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria, Nigeria)
Adebayo Owolabi (Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria, Nigeria)
Ayobami Busari (covenant university Ota Ogun State, Nigeria)
MEASURES THAT ENHANCE FAVOURABLE LEVELS OF SERVICE AND THEIR MODES OF SUSTAINABILITY ON MAJOR ROADS IN SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA: AKURE AS CASE STUDY
SPEAKER: Samuel Ajayi

ABSTRACT. Large cities in developing countries are characterized by a continuing growth in automobile ownership and insufficient transportation infrastructure and service development. This study elucidates the major factors affecting modal choice selection and the level of service of some selected trunk B roads in southwestern Nigeria with special focus on Akure. This was achieved by the distribution of five hundred questionnaires to road users in the study area. Information on the prominent modes and the factors affecting the various modal split was considered. Statistical software SPSS and Microsoft excel were used in the analysis of the data. The traffic composition analysis revealed motorcycles as the predominant mode for the entire route. Besides, the result also revealed land use pattern and increased volume of traffic as the major factors affecting the level of service. Ultimately the result of this research will help transportation agencies and the government in proffering adequate measures for the reduction of traffic congestion on Trunk B roads in Akure and similar capital cities in Nigeria

Keywords: Modal split, level of service, traffic, traffic composition

13:30
Gideon Bamgboye (covenant university Ota Ogun State, Nigeria)
Kenneth Adekalu (covenant University, Nigeria)
Ayobami Busari (covenant university Ota Ogun State, Nigeria)
Imokhai Tenebe (covenant university ot ogun state, Nigeria)
Praisegod Emenike (covenant university ot ogun state, Nigeria)
Babatunde Oniemayin (covenant university ot ogun state, Nigeria)
Joshua Jolayemi (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Gideon Adeyemi (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Assessment of Gravel Properties Sourced within Oyo North Senatorial District: Case Study of Ogbomoso

ABSTRACT. The study evaluated the properties of gravel sourced within Oyo north senatorial district for concrete production since characteristic properties play major role in determining the properties of hardened concrete. Samples of gravel from four commonly used borrow pits: Aroje, Bolanta, Sunsun and Olomi sites were obtained and tested for Aggregate Crushing Value (ACV), Aggregate Impact Value (AIV), Specific Gravity, Water absorption Capacity, Bulk Density, Moisture Content and Particle Size Distribution.

On the average the results of the observation for the selected four locations were 22.56 g, 28.17 g, 33.37 g and 40.19 g for Aggregate Crushing Value (ACV), 2.44 g/ml, 2.53 g/ml, 2.57 g/ml and 2.62 g/ml for Bulk density, 0.17 %, 1.43 %, 2.42 %, and 2.48 % for moisture content, 2.02 %, 2.92 %, 2.00 % and 3.15 for water absorption, 2.52, 2.63, 2.60 and 2.55 for specific gravity, 41. 55 %, 45.25 %, 45.59 % and 47.08 % for aggregate Impact respectively.

The study revealed that, gravel aggregates from Aroje has superior properties over those of Sunsun, Bolanta and Olomi as compared with coarse aggregate properties in BS 201: 1998, BS 812: 1992 and BS 882: 1993. It is hereby recommended for coarse aggregate in concrete production.

Keywords: Concrete; gravel aggregate; aggregate size and aggregate properties

13:45
Gideon Adeyemi (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Gideon Bamigboye (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Anthony Ede (Covenant University, Nigeria)
GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS APPLICATION IN SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE ANALYSIS

ABSTRACT. .

11:45-14:00 Session 6B: Track 1B

SESSION I (Track 1B): Sustainable Technology for development in Africa 

1.  Augustus Ibhaze, Olumide Ajose, Aderemi Atayero and Francis Idachaba

PROPAGATION MODEL OPTIMIZATION BASED ON MEASUREMENT FROM MACROCELL SITES IN IKORODU-EPE, S/W NIGERIA

2. Jacquiline Rikhotso, Julius Ndambuki, Williams Kupolati, Adeyemi Adeboje and Chewe Kambole.

REDUCTION OF TRAFFIC CONGESTION AND CARBON EMISSIONS THROUGH PARK AND RIDE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

3. Peter Amaize, Abel Airoboman, Anthony Adoghe and Timilehin Sanni

A MODEL FOR THE MITIGATION OF ENERGY SCARCITY FOR A SUSTAINABLE MARKET IN AFRICA

4. Samuel Sanni, O Adeeyo and Moses Emetere

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ADSORPTION OF METHYLENE BLUE DYE USING CARBON FROM PALMKERNEL SHELL ACTIVATED BY DIFFERENT ACTIVATING AGENTS

5.  Matthew Luka, Felix Olowononi and Joseph Soja.

Power Line Communication: A Platform for Sustainable Development

6. Shuaibu Kadalla, Ahmed Ishaq and Matthew Luka.

ANDROID BASED SMART HOME SYSTEM

7. Dilip De and Olukunle Olawole.

MODIFICATION OF RICHARDSON-DUSHMAN EQUATION FOR NANO-MATERIALS

8. Timilehin Sanni, Anthony Adoghe and Abel Airoboman

TRANSMISSION GRID DECONGESTION FOR ENHANCED ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

9. Onyinyechi Steve-Essi and Francis Idachaba

CELL CAPACITY ENHANCEMENT USING FREQUENCY BORROWING IN COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Chairs:
Christian Bolu (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Samuel John (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Samuel Wara (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Location: CEDS Hall 2
11:45
Augustus Ibhaze (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Olumide Ajose (Bells University, Nigeria)
Aderemi Atayero (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Francis Idachaba (Covenant University, Nigeria)
PROPAGATION MODEL OPTIMIZATION BASED ON MEASUREMENT FROM MACROCELL SITES IN IKORODU-EPE, SOUTH-WESTERN NIGERIA
SPEAKER: unknown

ABSTRACT. To engage any nation in wealth creation, human capacity development and improved standard of living, the need arises to install trendy technological innovations and efficient infrastructures such as reliable and efficient telecommunication systems. This paper therefore, investigates large scale propagation models used to predict the mean signal strength for an arbitrary transmitter-receiver separation distance with the aim of improving the telecommunication system infrastructure which will engender sustainable infrastructure and technology. The study has been conducted in an urban settlement in the Ikorodu – Epe region to develop and optimize a suitable propagation model based on the existing propagation models. The proposed propagation models are the Free Space Path Loss Propagation Model, Okumura – Hata Model, COST 231 Model, SUI Model and Ericsson Model. The optimized COST 231 model showed better performance and is proposed for propagation prediction involving such terrain. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) statistical tool was used to achieve the optimization.

12:00
Jacquiline Rikhotso (Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa)
Julius Ndambuki (Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa)
Williams Kupolati (Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa)
Adeyemi Adeboje (Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa)
Chewe Kambole (Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa)
REDUCTION OF TRAFFIC CONGESTION AND CARBON EMISSIONS THROUGH PARK AND RIDE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

ABSTRACT. Traffic congestion results in low vehicular speed, longer trip time, queuing, and blockage of movement coupled with increased demand of space beyond the road capacity. The transport sector accounts for 13% of all greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and is one of the few sectors where emissions are still growing. Car use is one of the principal contributors to greenhouse gas emissions in the transport sector. In this research, an optimal park and ride facility aimed at reducing automobile traffic congestion within the Central Business District (CBD) of the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality (CTMM) was investigated with a view to lowering greenhouse gases and their impact on climate. Traffic counts were conducted on heavily congested routes leading to the CBD and structured questionnaires were administered within the CBD. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emitted by traffic within CTMM was estimated and the amount of CO2 to be reduced by using park and ride facilities was determined. Traffic volumes on the selected routes indicated a heavy reliance of over 70% on passenger cars as a mode of entry and exit to the CBD of the city. The survey conducted also indicated that 89% of the respondents may be held in traffic on their way to work. Fifty four percent of the respondents indicated intention to use park and ride facilities provided it would guarantee safety, security and reliability. The study also revealed that the use of park and ride transportation system may reduce more than 96% carbon emission by cars traveling along the A Re Yeng Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) line in the city. Park and ride may be further researched for the feeder systems of the A Re Yeng BRT and within townships in the city of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality.

12:15
Peter Amaize (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Abel Airoboman (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Anthony Adoghe (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Timilehin Sanni (Covenant University, Nigeria)
A MODEL FOR THE MITIGATION OF ENERGY SCARCITY FOR A SUSTAINABLE MARKET IN AFRICA
SPEAKER: Peter Amaize

ABSTRACT. A sustainable environment is one with advancement in science and technology, but an ingredient that can foster this drive is the availability of power supply within all sector of the economy. The scarcity of electrical power in Africa particularly in the sub-sahara region has been a major setback towards attaining a sustainable technology infrastructure, as a result of this most business that requires electrical power for their daily operation are forced to run their generators during working hours thereby placing the electric power supply authority on standby. The result of this anomaly is an increase in price of goods and services hence, Potential investors who cannot meet up with the huge amount required in running generators tends to look out for where the electrical power is cheap, readily available and not scarce to cite their industries. In this paper, a model has been proposed for the improvement of energy scarcity in Nigeria. The merits of the model if implemented will bring back investors to the country, reduce energy poverty and improve on the reliability of the power system network. The model is also seen as one that will ease the trace of failure within a decentralised power network.

12:30
Samuel Sanni (Covenant University, Nigeria)
O Adeeyo (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Moses Emetere (Covenant UNiversity, Nigeria)
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ADSORPTION OF METHYLENE BLUE DYE USING CARBON FROM PALMKERNEL SHELL ACTIVATED BY DIFFERENT ACTIVATING AGENTS
SPEAKER: unknown

ABSTRACT. Activated carbon was produced from palm-kernel shell using NaOH and KOH solutions as activating agents. The product was tested to determine its adsorptive capacity and efficiency using methylene blue solution. Particle sizes of the produced carbon were in the range of 600 - 2000μm, were varied in order to determine the influence of particle size on the adsorptive capacity of the activated carbon. The adsorption process was carried between 600 and 800oC using methylene blue as adsorbate and it was observed that adsorption of methylene blue dye using carbon activated impregnated with KOH gave better result than with NaOH. Based on the adsorption parameters obtained, the process was found to be better described by the Freundlich adsorption isotherm.

12:45
Matthew Kwatri Luka (Madibo Adamawa University of Technology, Nigeria)
Felix Olowononi (Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria)
Joseph Stephen Soja (Nigeria Television Authority, Nigeria)
Power Line Communication: A Platform for Sustainable Development

ABSTRACT. Electricity infrastructure together with information and communication technology (ICT) constitute a veritable platform for driving inclusive and sustainable development. However, last mile internet access in underdeveloped areas is limited by deficit telecommunications infrastructure. This is mainly due to the cost associated with deploying telecommunication distribution networks and the low returns on investments associated with underdeveloped areas. The availability of electric power grids which can be used as telecommunication distribution networks, makes the idea of converging power line communication and wireless networks a realistic means of providing communications service to underdeveloped areas. On the other hand, electricity utilities needs an efficient and cost effective means of operating and managing the electricity grid. This paper reviews different power line communications technologies that can used to achieve a smart grid model that provides a sustainable electricity and ICT infrastructure for development in Africa.

13:00
Shuaibu Adamu Kadalla (Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Nigeria)
Ahmed Tijjani Ishaq (Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Nigeria)
Matthew Kwatri Luka (Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Nigeria)
Android Based Smart Home System

ABSTRACT. Conventional electrical installations used in various building poses great difficulty for physically challenged and elderly persons to operate. A smart home system proposed in this article provides an ergonomically friendly means of managing electrical installations such as lightening and ventilation systems. The systems also provides a means of monitoring the temperature and electrical energy consumption of the home. A centralized controller was developed around PIC18F4550 microcontroller to handle the data acquisition and processing for the system. The overall system performance was demonstrated using electrical lamps, fans and the gate of a prototype home.

13:15
Dilip De (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Olukunle Olawole (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Modification of Richardson-Dushman Equation for nano-materials
SPEAKER: unknown

ABSTRACT. The noble prize winning Richardson-Dushman equation(RDE) has been found to be quite applicable for thermionic emission from metals where the Fermi energy at absolute zero temperature, EF0, is quite high due to high concentration of free electrons. The Fermi energy at a finite temperature, EF(T) or the chemical potential as it is often called is nearly independent of temperature for metals. But in nano-materials like graphene, carbon nano-tubes, where EF0 is quite low due to much lower concentration of free electrons, EF(T) is significantly temperature dependent. Based on this idea we have modified the Richardson-Dushman equation for thermionic emission from nano-materials and found it to excellently agree with experimental results from graphene and carbon nano-tube without the exotic assumptions of zero electron mass in graphene as is done by some authors following Dirac’s idea. In this paper we present the derivation of the modified Richardson-Dushman equation MRDE). MRDE reverts back to ordinary RDE for metals as expected.

13:30
Timilehin Sanni (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Anthony Adoghe (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Abel Airoboman (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Transmission grid decongestion for enhanced electric power supply and community development

ABSTRACT. Nigeria as a nation has suffered from epileptic power supply which has affected negatively the economic activities of the citizen. For a sustained development, a constant power supply is needed. Available and reliable electric power supply promised as one of the major benefits of unbundling of nations’ own utility is yet to be realised, five years after privatisation of the power sector. This paper presents an approach that consider the Nigeria power sector in three models: power sector before privatisation, Current power sector during privatisation. The recommended model that consider the reduction of transmission grid congestion. This model supports helpful technologies such as micro-hydro in rural community, solar power and photovoltaics in regions endowed with sun shines, wind farm in coastal region and energy efficient appliances. These technologies when developed in these regions, is capable of reducing system load, site generation close to load centres, and thereby expand effective grid capacity to more rural community. A common indicator of an economically inadequate grid is congestion, which by definition implies the cheapest availably supply cannot be used; therefore a less-congested system can lead to lower electricity prices and less frequent power outages. This model offers significant benefits such as reduced transmission cost, lower congestion and generation costs, increased economic activities of the people and create a sustainable pollution free environment.

11:45-14:00 Session 6C: Track 2A

SESSION I  (Track 2A): Health & Environmental issues for sustainable development in Africa

1. Oludele Solaja and Oluwaseun Adenuga.

Occupy Development-towards a caring environment in Nigerian Urban Cities

2. Wisdom Iyanda-Joel, Oluwatobi Adegbite and Olufunso Olorunsogo.

Effect of Aloe barbadensis Miller. gel on rat liver mitochondrial permeability transition pore in vitro and in vivo

3. Ifedolapo Olanrewaju, Johnbull Echeme, Egaogheneverere Adjaere-Taunu, Raphael Mordi and Joan Ayo-Ajayi.

Pinus glabra – A Potential Source of anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis agent: Phytochemical and antimicrobial studies of its stem extracts

4. Olugbemisola Samuel and Gbolahan Oni.

Changing Levels and Patterns of Under-Five Mortality in Nigeria: Empirical Evidence from Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys

5. Temitope Ilusanya and Muyiwa Oladosun.

Exposure to Health Information and Women’s Behavioral Response to Immunization of Children in Nigeria.

6. Ilusanya Temtiope and Muyiwa Oladosun.

Socio-economic factors Influencing Health Behavior of Women and Immunization Status of children in Nigeria.

7. Oyewole Mustapha Bello and Michael Ayodele Olukolajo.

Adequate Compensation as a Tool for Conflict Resolution in Oil Polluted Wetlands of Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

8. Akhere Okougbo, Bello and Nandita De

BIODEGRADATION OF CRUDE OIL, REFINERY EFFLUENT AND SOME PETROLEUM COMPONENTS BY Penicillium sp. and Mortierella sp. ISOLATED FROM OIL CONTAMINATED SOIL IN AUTO MECHANIC WORKSHOPS

 

Chairs:
Nsikak Benson (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Emeka Iweala (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Grace Olasehinde (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Location: CEDS Hall 3
11:45
Oludele Solaja (Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago -Iwoye, Nigeria, Nigeria)
Ademolu Adenuga (Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria, Nigeria)
Occupy Development-towards a caring environment in Nigerian Urban Cities

ABSTRACT. Occupy Development (OD) has been defined to mean the desire to explore transition and transformation strategies at a conceptual and practical level in a democratic, inclusive and sustainable manner. It represents the process of fostering sustainable development path with the aim to achieve quality of life, livelihood, resources and socio-economic development. In this wise, credence is given to environmental sustainability as the source of human and national development. However, recent studies have revealed that altitude for care for the environment is still very low in Nigeria and that urban areas experienced more environmental pollutants than rural areas. Even within the urban centres, it was discovered that poorly developed areas lived by less privilege individuals are often fraught with serious environmental challenges which affect their capacity to lead quality life. Based on this evidences, this study set out to examine the concept of occupy development towards a caring environment in Nigerian urban cities with a view to map out strategies for extenuating the menace of environmental pollution in Nigeria. To achieve this goal, the study employed the use of pollution control model (PCM) as theoretical guide. Methodology adopted in the study includes explanatory survey design. Extensive deskwork will be conducted using secondary data from current and relevant academic publications, official bulletins and reports. Findings from the study provide detailed knowledge on how to achieve proactive conservation, protection and rationing of environmental resources through implementation of strategic techniques in Nigerian urban centres.

12:00
Ifedolapo Olanrewaju (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Johnbull Echeme (MOUAU, Nigeria)
Egaogheneverere Adjaere-Taunu (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Raphael Mordi (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Joan Ayo-Ajayi (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Pinus glabra – As a Potential Source of anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis agent: Phytochemical and antimicrobial studies of its stem extracts

ABSTRACT. With the increasing incidence of tuberculosis and rated second to HIV-AIDS by the World Health Organisation as a leading cause of death from infectious disease and increased resistance to drugs currently in use, there is therefore the need for alternative sources of drugs for the treatment of this disease. Pinus glabra presents as a potential candidate for such drugs discovery. Concoctions derived from the plant have been used to treat cases of rheumatism, cough, piles and catarrh. Sample extraction was performed by soaking the stem samples in ethanol for 172 h, which gave reddish-yellow oil after removal of the ethanol solvent. The oil was partitioned between 1:1 water/chloroform mixture. The aqueous layer was further partitioned separately with ethyl acetate and hexane. The phytochemical screening of the crude ethanol extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins and flavonoids. Antimicrobial tests were performed on the crude ethanol extract, ethyl acetate and hexane fractions against clinical isolates Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella sp. by measurement of zones of inhibition. All test samples exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against the organisms albeit to different extent.

12:15
Temitope Ilusanya (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Muyiwa Oladosun (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Exposure to Health Information and Women’s Behavioral Response to Immunization of Children in Nigeria.

ABSTRACT. According to the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) data immunization coverage for children aged 0-5 was 69.5%. The literature shows that exposure to health information and services are associated with Women’s behavioral response on children’s immunization. The purpose of this study is to examine key sources of women’s health information and behavior of children’s immunization in Nigeria. This study uses the NDHS data of 2013. Preliminary results show that exposure to TV and radio were significantly associated with respondent check-up after delivery (p-value = 0.000), number of antenatal visits (p-value = 0.000), baby post natal two monthly checks (p-value = 0000). Also, access to radio was significantly associated with children’s immunization status with respect to (1) BCG injection (p-value = .0000), Polio injection (p-value = 0.000), and measles (p-value = 0.000). Future programming geared to increase immunization coverage in Nigeria will find these results useful for planning.

12:30
Ilusanya Temtiope (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Muyiwa Oladosun (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Socio-economic factors Influencing Health Behavior of Women and Immunization Status of children in Nigeria.

ABSTRACT. Women’s health behavior is a major barrier to the immunization status of children in Nigeria. Despite the intervention and progress over the years on childhood immunization in Nigeria four out of five children still do not see their fifth birthday due to preventable diseases. Women’s health behavior has been recognized as a major barrier to the immunization status of children in Nigeria. The purpose of this study is to examine the Socio-economic factors influencing the health behavior of women and immunization status of children in Nigeria. Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) that included the women 15-49 years. The result of the analysis shows that 69.5% of the respondents have ever had vaccination. This study revealed that mothers’ level of education, type of occupation, place of residence, wealth quintile, religion and region were significantly associated with health behavior of women (p-value = 0.000). Region, residence, level of education varied significantly by respondents’ check-up after delivery (p-value = 0.000), respondent checked health status before delivery (p-value = 0.000), and number of antenatal visits during pregnancy (p-value = 0.000). Future policy geared to increase immunization coverage will have to consider these factors.

12:45
Oyewole Mustapha Bello (Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria)
Michael Ayodele Olukolajo (Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria)
Adequate Compensation as a Tool for Conflict Resolution in Oil Polluted Wetlands of Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

ABSTRACT. Nigeria as a nation is battling with conflicts in virtually all geopolitical zones of the country. A major conflicting region is Niger Delta where oil and gas resource of the nation domicile and this has become a major threat to the national development as well as the economic base of the nation. The conflict in Niger Delta has many dimensions to it and has given birth to unrepentant militants whose aim is to truncate the nation if their demands were not met. Although attempts have been made by the government at various levels as well as the multi-national oil companies to address the problems emanating from the negative effect of oil and gas exploration, production and transportation in the region, the desired peace is yet to be fully realized. As part of the solution to the conflict in Niger Delta,this paper argued that adequate compensation to oil pollution victim is a right step in right direction. However, to arrive at such compensation value, there is need to review the legal framework, composition of heads of claim, as well as the procedural guide to the conduct of compensation valuation among the Nigerian Estate Surveyors and Valuers.

13:00
Akhere Okougbo (Covenant University Ota, Nigeria)
Bello (Federal University of Technology, Yola, Adamawa, Nigeria)
Nandita De (Covenant University Ota, Nigeria)
BIODEGRADATION OF CRUDE OIL, REFINERY EFFLUENT AND SOME PETROLEUM COMPONENTS BY Penicillium sp. and Mortierella sp. ISOLATED FROM OIL CONTAMINATED SOIL IN AUTO MECHANIC WORKSHOPS

ABSTRACT. ABSTRACT Ten isolates of five different types of fungi identified as Penicillium sp. (B101F, B202F and B302F), Aspergillus sp. (B102F, B104F and B304F), Fusarium sp. (B501F), Trichoderma sp. (K602F and K561F) and Mortierella sp. (B1002F) were isolated from contaminated soil samples obtained from auto mechanic workshops in Minna, Nigeria. Mycelial extension rate measurement method was used for the isolation of the best crude oil, refinery effluent and some other petroleum hydrocarbons degraders. Two fungal strains B101F and B1002F were selected based on their ability to degrade (Lagoma light) crude oil and some other petroleum components as both carbon and nitrogen sources in mineral salt medium (MSM). The biodegradation study showed Penicillium strain B101F and Mortierella strain B1002F performed degradation at an optimum pH and temperature of 5.0 and 280C respectively. The optimum concentration of (Lagoma light) crude oil, refinery effluent and other hydrocarbons in mineral salt medium (MSM) for fungal growth was 0.5% within an incubation period of 21 days. When complex medium such as maize bran was utilized as nitrogen source with crude oil in mineral salt medium (MSM) omitting NaNO3, the optimum growth was attained on the 14th day of fermentation for both the isolates. With respect to the selected strains ability to degrade crude oil, these organisms have shown significance in reducing pollution that arise from oil spills in our environments.

11:45-13:45 Session 6D: Track 3

SESSION I (Track 3): Good Governance: Accountability & transparency for SD in Africa

1. Chinedum Ogbuze

Understanding the rise of autonomous Communities in Igboland today (a case study of Abia and Imo States)

2. Uzoma Achugamonu, Uchechukwu Emenas Okorie, Ochei Ikpefan and J Taiwo

CONSTRAINTS TO FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT: THE NIGERIAN EXPERIENCE (1980 – 2015)

3. Lanre Amodu, Darlyngton Yartey, Thelma Ekanem, Toluwalope Oresdanya and Oluwafolafunmi Afolabi

Assessing the Media’s Watchdog Role in Ensuring the Accountability of the Nigerian Government

4. Olorunfemi Onakoya and Chinonye Moses

ORGANISATIONAL FACTORS ON WHISTLEBLOWING INTENTIONS AMONG EMPLOYEES: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

5. Abel Airoboman, Augustus Ibhaze, Peter Amaize, Ignatius Okakwu and Martin Dillum

RESTRUCTURING THE ELECTRICAL POWER SECTOR FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

6. Endalcachew Bayeh

THE EASTERN AFRICA STANDBY FORCE: ROLES, CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS

7. Endalcachew Bayeh

NEW DEVELOPMENT IN THE ETHIO-EGYPT RELATIONS OVER THE HYDRO-POLITICS OF NILE: QUESTIONING ITS TRUE PROSPECTS

8. Folakemi Ohunakin.

TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP STYLE AND EMPLOYEE JOB SATISFACTION AMONG UNIVERSITIES' GUEST HOUSES IN SOUTHWEST NIGERIA

Chairs:
Matthew Egharevba (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Daniel Gberevbie (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Location: CEDS Hall 4
11:45
Chinedum Ogbuze (University of Benin, Nigeria)
Understanding the rise of autonomous Communities in Igboland today(a case study of Abia and Imo States)

ABSTRACT. This research critically examined the rise of traditional rulers in Igboland and how it paved way for the “Group System” commonly identified as “Autonomous Communities”- which is a threat to the unity and peace of this homogenous African society, thus becoming a serious developmental issue bedeviling the Igboland. The study also looked at “Rotational Kingship” structure among the component units of communities in Igboland as a remedy to the “Group system” which is but a fragmentation of the Igbo society. And how this practice of “Rotational Kingship” called “Ezedioranma” (a king consensually chosen) will curb the further polarization of the Igbo enclave

12:00
Uzoma Achugamonu (covenant university, Nigeria)
Uchechukwu Emenas Okorie (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Ochei Ikpefan (covenant university, Nigeria)
J Taiwo (covenant university, Nigeria)
CONSTRAINTS TO FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT: THE NIGERIAN EXPERIENCE (1980 – 2015)

ABSTRACT. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is considered as an invaluable tool for achieving economic growth in developing countries. In order to achieve the objective of a higher rate of economic growth and the efficiency in the utilization of resources, developing countries the world over have embarked upon various policy measures at attracting FDI. The study is an empirical investigation into the factors that constrain the inflow of FDI into the Nigeria economy. The empirical result showed that external debt, domestic debt, foreign exchange rate and inflation rate were statistically significant factors to the inflow of FDI during the period under analysis (1980 -2009). Finally, the researcher recommends among others, that the country’s debt managers should ensure that the nation is not trapped with both domestic and external debt so as to encourage foreign investors to invest in our economy. Also, the Nigerian state needs to be strengthened as a bulwark against the dictates of foreign capital .

12:15
Lanre Amodu (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Darlyngton Yartey (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Thelma Ekanem (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Toluwalope Oresdanya (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Oluwafolafunmi Afolabi (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Assessing the Media’s Watchdog Role in Ensuring the Accountability of the Nigerian Government

ABSTRACT. This paper attempts to assess the performance of the media in their watchdog role as it relates to ensuring the accountability of the government to the electorate in Nigeria. The 21st century media are saddled with the responsibility of providing the citizenry with substantial information to help them make informed decisions. The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) synergized with Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have aided freer flow of information from the media to the electorate. To ensure a successful democratic governance and sustainable development, the media have the responsibility to communicate the actions of the government to its citizens and relaying the feedback to the government through opinion pages and public affairs programmes, among others. Since inhibitions on the path of freedom of information have been removed with the hopes to enhance media capacity to freely divulge information, this paper, therefore, examines how well the media are living up to the expectation of grooming an informed populace. It explores how well informed the citizens are about their rights to demand greater accountability from the government, as a result of media messages. It also investigates the citizens’ views about the media’s fairness in reporting government activities. The study would employ the survey research method. The social responsibility theory and the development media theory will be the axles around which the study will revolve. Suggestions will be made on how the media can further enlighten the citizens to become active participants in national development.

12:30
Olorunfemi Onakoya (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Chinonye Moses (covenant university, Nigeria)
ORGANISATIONAL FACTORS ON WHISTLEBLOWING INTENTIONS AMONG EMPLOYEES: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

ABSTRACT. Whistleblowing provides a self-correcting mechanism for an organization, and a nation to nip unethical practices in the bud, and thus prevent an escalation into a disaster. Lessons from corporate scandals and collapsed businesses around the world show that organisations do not collapse spontaneously, rather it is the culmination of series of inappropriate acts left un-addressed that snowball into a significant crisis. The paternalistic culture of the Nigerian society tends to promote a spirit of being one’s “brother’s keeper”, translated to mean, not snitching on a wrongdoing. The paper reviews extant literature on whistleblowing to develop a conceptual framework on whistleblowing reporting intention of bank employees in Nigeria and their actual behaviour. It is suggested that individuals will report wrongdoing based on their ethical judgment, which in turn is influenced by individual, organizational, and environmental factors. Whistleblowing intention is moderated by demographic factors, and macro-economic factors such as legal and political systems among others. The conceptual framework is anchored on the resource dependence, virtue ethics, and planned behaviour theories. The paper provides important lessons for promoting ethical practices in organisations, and the society. Based on the gaps in literature, this paper therefore recommends among others a revised framework for studying whistleblowing intention, as well as the need to strengthen societal and organizational support structures for whistleblowing (through the legal system, the regulatory bodies, and organisations’ code of conducts etc.).

12:45
Abel Airoboman (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Augustus Ibhaze (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Peter Amaize (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Ignatius Okakwu (University of Benin, Nigeria)
Martin Dillum (Covenant University, Nigeria)
RESTRUCTURING THE ELECTRICAL POWER SECTOR FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

ABSTRACT. The globalization of the market place, industrialization and national wealth of any sovereign state can be attributed to seamless and efficient power supply. Using Nigeria as a case study in Africa, with a seemingly large population and a potentially large market, with an undeniably decayed electrical power infrastructure, this paper therefore identifies a fundamental factor underlying the challenged electrical power sector. The findings emphasize good governance and techno-political innovations as the proper remediation in revamping the infrastructure which will engender uninterruptible power supply for sustainable development.

13:00
Endalcachew Bayeh (Ambo University, Ethiopia)
THE EASTERN AFRICA STANDBY FORCE: ROLES, CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS

ABSTRACT. This study examines the roles, challenges and prospects of Eastern Africa Standby Force (EASF) in the maintenance of peace and security in the Eastern Africa. Findings of the study show that EASF has limited role in maintaining peace and security in the region. It has played only some supportive roles to the United Nations (UN) and African Union (AU) peace support missions. This minimal role is due to hegemonic competition between Ethiopia and Kenya, the prevalence of several interstate and intrastate conflicts in the region, duplication of regional organizations having overlapping membership, absence of strong legal basis, lack of adequate finance, and cultural diversity. Notwithstanding those challenges, EASF has a good future prospect as can be observed from its current activities. The organization is working to achieve its full operationalization. To this end, it has also been conducting pre-deployment joint trainings and field exercises. For more successful future operation of the force, however, the study suggests cooperation among member states, developing unfettered commitment of member states to contribute force, finance and logistics as well as standardizing training and doctrines so as to create effective multinational forces.

13:15
Endalcachew Bayeh (Ambo University, Ethiopia)
NEW DEVELOPMENT IN THE ETHIO-EGYPT RELATIONS OVER THE HYDRO-POLITICS OF NILE: QUESTIONING ITS TRUE PROSPECTS

ABSTRACT. The central objective of this study is to examine the true prospects of the recently established amicable relations between Ethiopia and Egypt. To this end, the researcher employed qualitative methodology. Accordingly, data were gathered from secondary sources mainly from books, journal articles, unpublished materials and websites. Based on the data analyzed, the study came up with findings which show a great suspicion on the sustainability of the newly established cordial relations following the coming into power of president El-Sisi in Egypt. The study outlined the following basic reasons: the still persisting mistrust among Egyptians, the existence of anti-Ethiopia forces, absolute dependence of Egypt on Nile, the possibility of using visits for spying purpose, the possibility of buying a time and the inherent worry on the development of Ethiopia. Thus, the paper concludes that the new friendly approach of El-Sisi may be a new tactic to pursue the old objective. Following this conclusion, the study suggests that there is a need, on the part of Ethiopia, to be skeptical and keep a watchful eye on the development while keeping ahead the friendly relations.

13:30
Folakemi Ohunakin (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Transactional Leadership Style and Employee Job Satisfaction among Universities' Guest Houses in Southwest Nigeria

ABSTRACT. This study examined the relationship between the dimensions of transactional leadership style and job satisfaction among employee in the hospitality sector of the economy. Cross-sectional research design which is quantitative in nature was the methodology adopted for this study. Findings reveal that two out of the three dimensions of transactional leadership style which include contingent reward and management by exception (active), have weak positive relationship on the employee satisfaction having correlations of 0.267 and 0.191 at P-values less than 5% level of significance, thus prompting the acceptance of alternative hypotheses, whereas management by exception (passive), have negative relationship with the employee job satisfaction with -0.001 at P-value (0.989) higher than 5% level of significance resulting in the acceptance of null hypothesis.

11:45-14:00 Session 6E: Track 4

SESSION I (Track 4): Methods & concepts for enabling Human Capital Development in Africa

1. Adedapo Oluwatayo, Akunnaya Opoko, Isidore Ezema and Emeka Iroham.

HOW DO STUDENTS PERCEIVE THEIR EMPLOYABILITY READINESS: THE CASE OF ARCHITECTURE STUDENTS IN NIGERIA

2. Mariam Obizue.

CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS OF NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES IN HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

3. Ademolu Adenuga and Mayowa Solaja

Vocational Education: Panacea to Graduates Unemployment in Nigeria

 4. David Akinnusi and Anthonia Adeniji

INDUSTRIAL DEMOCRACY AS AN INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINABLE HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT  IN AFRICA: STATUS, PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES

5. Isiak S. Babaita, Aliyu M. Olanrewaju, Aremu N. Salihu, Abogunrin A. Peter and Abdullah A. Sulaiman

A Conceptual Analysis of Global Human Resource Practices: Challenges and Prospects

6. Kehinde Adetiloye and Joseph Taiwo

Policy Somersaults and Nationhood and Development: A View from the Financial Sector

7. Olabosipo Fagbenle, Ayoola Fagbenle, Patience Tunji-Olayeni, Opeyemi Joshua and Raphael Ojelabi

TRENDS IN PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF BRICKLAYERS IN THE NIGERIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

8. Christiana Adetunde, C. Nana Derby, David Imhonopi and Tayo George

SOCIO-ECONOMIC ADJUSTMENT AMONG RETIRED CIVIL-SERVANTS OF KWARA AND LAGOS STATES: A THEORETICAL ANALYSIS

9. Eyitayo Alimi.

VIRTUAL REALITY: AN INTEGRAL PART OF SDG4 (SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOAL 4)

Chairs:
Jonathan Adeyeye (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Christopher Nkiko (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Location: CEDS Hall 5
11:45
Adedapo Oluwatayo (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Akunnaya Opoko (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Isidore Ezema (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Emeka Iroham (Covenant University, Nigeria)
HOW DO STUDENTS PERCEIVE THEIR EMPLOYABILITY READINESS: THE CASE OF ARCHITECTURE STUDENTS
SPEAKER: Isidore Ezema

ABSTRACT. There are often claims that graduates are not employable and some scholars have posited that this is the major cause of the high rate of unemployment in many countries. There are indications in literature of the parameters by which employability can be measured. These measures of employability have been investigated from the point of view of employers and they represent the areas employers would use as criteria for selection of prospective employees. The question however is: how do the students perceive their preparedness for the workforce, in terms of their employability readiness? This is the question that this paper seeks to address in a survey of architecture students in Nigeria. Architecture students are investigated because it has often been alleged that formal education does not prepare persons in this course of study sufficiently for the world of work. The results suggest areas that the students are not so confident of their preparedness. Recommendations are made for the training of architects to enhance their employability.

12:00
Mariam Obizue (Not Stated, Nigeria)
CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS OF NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES IN HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
SPEAKER: Mariam Obizue
12:15
Ademolu Adenuga (Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria)
Mayowa Solaja (Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria)
Vocational Education: Panacea to Graduates Unemployment in Nigeria

ABSTRACT. Abstract

This paper assessed the problem of astronomical increase in the number of unemployed graduates in Nigeria; examined the causes of unemployment; and suggested ways to reduce graduates unemployment problems in Nigeria through vocational education. The study adopted secondary source of data and relevant literature to explain the challenges of the unemployed Nigerian graduates and the relevance of vocational education. The paper revealed that there exists relationship between unemployment and industrialization. The paper recommends the introduction of vocational education into the Nigerian educational system from secondary schools. It also suggests that government should build and encourage the private sector to build numerous vocational centers for youth and adult who did not have the formal education. Nigeria can have a large number of self-dependent youth and as such the problem of youth unemployment can be reduced.

12:30
David Akinnusi (Covenant University, Canaanland, Ota, Nigeria)
Anthonia Adeniji (Covenant University, Canaanland, Ota, Nigeria)
INDUSTRIAL DEMOCRACY AS AN INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINABLE HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA: STATUS, PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES

ABSTRACT. This paper is based on the assumption that work is fundamental to human existence and national prosperity and that workplaces are the workers’ domains over which they are entitled, by right, to participate, in various ways and extents, in the decision making processes which bear on their work and lives. Furthermore, it is assumed that under the right leadership and conditions, industrial democracy holds the key to unleashing the untapped energies of the working masses, to the benefit of their organizations and the societies. It is a veritable means not only of ensuring industrial peace and harmony, but also of galvanizing the innovative and creative spirit and inclusivity of workers necessary for sustainable growth. Based on secondary data and information, the paper is divided into four sections. Section One is a conceptualization of industrial democracy, its meanings, components and objectives. Section Two is a critical review of the state of industrial democracy in Africa, examining trends, achievements and failures. Section Three looks at the prospects of industrial democracy in Africa, based on the prognosis, on the one hand, and benchmarking of best practices in the rest of the world, on the other hand. The relevance and challenges faced by industrial democracy in the new economic dispensation and climate are addressed in Section Four. The paper ends with a summary and conclusions.

12:45
Isiaka Sulu Babaita (University of Ilorin, Nigeria)
Aliyu Mustapha Olanrewaju (University of Ilorin, Nigeria)
Aremu Nuha Salihu (University of Ilorin, Nigeria)
Abogunrin Abiodun Peter (University of Ilorin, Nigeria)
Abdullah Adewumi Sulaiman (University of Ilorin, Nigeria)
A Conceptual Analysis of Global Human Resource Practices: Challenges and Prospects

ABSTRACT. With the advent of globalisation, all firms, large or small have become global, they ceased to be local. Even those organisations who consider themselves immune to transactions across geographical boundaries are connected to the wider network globally and this has encouraged many multinational companies to extend their operations to other countries by establishing subsidiary companies in other countries. For these companies to do well, sound human capital management practices must be embraced. This paper therefore examines the conceptual analysis of global human resource management practices, it functions and challenges. It is a conceptual paper that is based on review of scholarly articles. Objectives of the paper include; creating a local appeal without compromising the global identity; generating awareness of cross-cultural sensitivities among managers globally and hiring of staff across geographical boundaries; and upon cultural sensitivities, training and development for the host communities. It is therefore concluded that success lies in a firm’s ability to build a unique competitive advantage against others. This competitive advantage will last longer if it is within the human capital of the organization rather than just a technology that others can buy. To become and remain competitive globally, it is recommended that a multinational enterprise acquaint itself with the various environmental settings that are likely to inhibit its success and design ways to beat them in advance.

13:00
Kehinde Adetiloye (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Joseph Taiwo (Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria)
Policy Somersaults and Nationhood and Development: A View from the Financial Sector

ABSTRACT. The nationhood of many countries precedes the developments that they experience. Thus national stability and momentous development takes place when a focus is already established. The paper adopts the recent experiences in the financial sector to address policy somersaults as represented from the recent experiences of the financial sector. With this paper there is a proof that the type of market countries operate should determine the drift of the policy implementations and the consequent developments and benefits that may be enjoyed. The paper also proves that the somersaults are significant drawbacks on whatever gains could have been made. Specifically the paper looks and investigates the unplanned changes that have taken place in the financial sector as a result of change in the leadership and political party governing the country. Using the instability of the foreign exchange market, the paper aggregates the argument that the tacit adoption of fixed foreign exchange regime rather than the managed float that Nigeria had earlier embraced and practised has and will have some deleterious effects on the economy and the welfare of the people. The argument proceeds further to issues of the national development and methods adopted to achieve this in spite of the parlous state of the country’s economy.

13:15
Olabosipo Fagbenle (Covenant University, Ota,Ogun State, Nigeria, Nigeria)
Ayoola Fagbenle (Osun State College of Technology, Esa-Oke, Osun State, Nigeria, Nigeria)
Patience Tunji-Olayeni (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria, Nigeria)
Opeyemi Joshua (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria, Nigeria)
Rapheal Ojelabi (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria, Nigeria)
TRENDS IN PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF BRICKLAYERS IN THE NIGERIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

ABSTRACT. High performance is regarded as a goal that ensures long term survival of firms and block/brick is acclaimed as one of the primary construction materials all over the world. The craftsmen in this trade also play an important role towards achieving this task. Therefore, a survey of 120 construction sites were conducted in years 2006, 2010 and 2014 to identify the areas with the need for performance improvement of bricklayers in the construction industry. With a focus on six states from the six geo-political zones of Nigeria, the trends in the findings of this survey among 360 bricklayers were observed and interpreted. The results indicated that provision of working tools and equipment, transport to and from sites, reward systems based on ability and productivity, safety plans including provision of protective work devices and first aids as well as finish and go (no delay after day’s work) were variables that consistently perceived as having need for performance improvement over the years. The variables that were identified as requiring more improvement in the year 2014 compared with the previous years were employee training and development, job security and employee turnover, quality control, incessant rework and estimating errors, materials shortage, delay and wastage as well as labour availability. Those that need less improvement compared to the previous years were access to soft loans from the establishment and end of the year cocktail party and award nights. It was concluded that priority attentions should be shifted towards the identified variables for an improved construction performance of these craftsmen as a developmental strategy in this sector.

13:30
Christiana Adetunde (COVENANT UNIVERSITY, OTA,OGUN STATE, Nigeria)
C. Nana Derby (VIRGINIA STATE UNIVERSITY, VIRGINIA, USA, USA)
David Imhonopi (COVENANT UNIVERSITY, OTA, Nigeria)
Tayo George (COVENANT UNIVERSITY, OTA, OGUN STATE, Nigeria)
SOCIO-ECONOMIC ADJUSTMENT AMONG RETIRED CIVIL-SERVANTS OF KWARA AND LAGOS STATES: A THEORETICAL ANALYSIS

ABSTRACT. SOCIO-ECONOMIC ADJUSTMENT AMONG RETIRED CIVIL-SERVANTS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF KWARA AND LAGOS STATES, NIGERIA • Christiana O. Adetunde, PhD Student, Sociology Department, Covenant University, Ota • C. Nana Derby, PhD, Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice, Virginia State University, USA • David Imhonopi, PhD, Department of Sociology, Covenant University, Ota • Tayo Ola George, PhD, Department of Sociology, Covenant University, Ota

ABSTRACT The study focuses on the transitional experience and adjustment of retired public servants in Kwara and Lagos states. Annually, several workers around the world retire from service voluntarily, compulsorily, or mandatorily. In the Nigerian civil service, workers are expected to quit service at the statutory age of 60 or 35 years of service – whichever comes first – and begin to receive monthly pensions. Typically, this transitional phase of life is characterized by several changes in areas such as age, health, strength, income, social status, living conditions, and environment. However and in most cases, this phase calls for adjustments that are crucial to living a happy and fulfilling post-retirement life. Some of these changes could be difficult to easily adjust to. Using a framework located in activity, multiple modes of livelihood, and conservation of resources perspectives, the study explores the actual actions taken by retirees at this transitional phase for proper adjustment to post-retirement. The study concludes that (i) due to the economic instability and irregularity in pension payment in Nigera, several retirees seek alternative means of income to augment their meagre pension and (ii) retirees engage in such activities to deal with boredom and the effects of sudden and total disengagement from work. It is expected that this study will add to the body of knowledge on socio-economic adjustments among retired civil servants in Kwara and Lagos states. KEYWORDS: Retirement, Retired civil-servant, Theory, Activity theory, Multiple Modes of Livelihood, Conservation of Resources.

13:45
Eyitayo Alimi (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Virtual Reality: An Integral Part of SDG4 (Sustainable Development Goal 4)
SPEAKER: Eyitayo Alimi
11:45-14:00 Session 6F: Track 5

SESSION I (Track 5): Entrepreneurial Innovation as catalyst for development in Africa

1. Muyiwa Oladosun, Samuel Okposin and Oluyomi Ola-David

Household Natural Resource Utilization: Towards Greener Families and Resource Conservation in Nigeria

2. Salihu Ibrahim Dasuki, Ago Quaye and Ifeatu Uzodinma.

The Developmental Roles of Universities of Developing Countries: A Nigerian Perspective

3. Lanre Amodu, Thelma Ekanem, Darlington Yartey, Oluwafolafunmi Afolabi and Toluwalope Oresanya

Media Coverage of Entrepreneurial Innovation as a Determinant of Sustainable Development in Nigeria

 4. Musibau Ajagbe, Amanda Ngozi Kelechi, Chinonye Love Moses and Anthony Akwawa Uduimoh.

PROBLEMS AND VISIONS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION IN POST PRIMARY SCHOOLS

5. Abimbola Adegbuyi, Oladele Kehinde, Omotayo Adegbuyi and Olatunji Fadeyi.

NIGERIAN SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: THE ROLES OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES DEVELOPMENT AGENCY OF NIGERIA

6. Olayinka Erin, Iyiola Ogundele and Olaoye Ogundele.

Whistle Blowing and Quality of Financial Reporting in the Nigerian Banking Sector

7. Hector Iweka, Felicia Olokoyo and Abiola Babajide. THE DYNAMICS OF SMALL BUSINESS IN AN EMERGING MARKET: CHALLENGES AND  OPPORTUNITIES

8. Ekene Obiekwe and Evans Osabbuohien

Exchange Rate Pass-Through, Exchange Rate Volatility and Inflation Rate in Nigeria

9. Muyiwa Oladosun, Samuel Okposin and Oluyomi Ola-David.

Hygiene Conditions in Families and Diarrhea Occurrence among Children aged 0-5 in Nigeria

 

Chairs:
Omotayo Adegbuyi (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Isaiah Olurinola (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Location: CEDS Hall 6
11:45
Muyiwa Oladosun (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Samuel Okposin (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Oluyomi Ola-David (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Household Natural Resource Utilization: Towards Greener Families and Resource Conservation in Nigeria
SPEAKER: unknown

ABSTRACT. This paper examines natural resource utilization at the household level and decision making that may have congruent effect on resource use and implications for sustainable development in Nigeria. The overall objective is to provide recommendations that may enable more ‘greener’ households in Nigeria. The paper employed the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) nationally representative sample of 38,948 women aged 19-49. It examined demographic and socioeconomic factors influencing natural resource utilization in households. Demographic and socioeconomic factors include age, region, residence, education, marital status, household size, number of co-wives, occupation, and socioeconomic status. The dependent variable, natural resource utilization was measured as cumulative index i.e. house roof, floor, and wall materials, and cooking fuel source i.e. wood, charcoal, shrubs, and grass. Analysis used multinomial logistics regression, chi-square test, and percentages. Results showed that the majority (81%) of respondents reported use at least 3 types of natural resources either for cooking or for building house building. Results suggest regional variations in the use of natural resource at the household level with respondents from the North West (92%), and North East (87%) reporting highest use (p-value = 0.000). Likewise there were variations by place of residence, urban (67%) vs. rural (90%) (p-value = 0.000), wealth index (p-value = 0.000), education (p-value = 0.000), number of co-wives (p-value = 0.000), and household size (p-value = 0.000) among others. Results of multivariate analysis showed that key predictors of natural resource utilization at the households are age, region, education, household size, and wealth. Policy recommendations include shift in household natural resource use behavior towards sustainable development in a greener Nigeria.

12:00
Salihu Ibrahim Dasuki (American University of Nigeria, Nigeria)
Ago Quaye (American University of Nigeria, Nigeria)
Ifeatu Uzodinma (American University of Nigeria, Nigeria)
The Developmental Roles of Universities of Developing Countries: A Nigerian Perspective
12:15
Lanre Amodu (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Thelma Ekanem (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Darlington Yartey (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Oluwafolafunmi Afolabi (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Toluwalope Oresanya (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Media Coverage of Entrepreneurial Innovation as a Determinant of Sustainable Development in Nigeria
SPEAKER: Thelma Ekanem

ABSTRACT. Entrepreneurship has been widely recommended by scholars and professionals as one of the major ways to address the ever growing level of unemployment and continuous dwindling resources in Nigeria. Unfortunately, it is also a consensus among stakeholders that conditions in the country are largely unfriendly to the survival of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). No matter how innovative an entrepreneur is, without exposure or publicity, the impact or patronage of the business will be limited. This, therefore, crystallizes the role of media coverage in the development of entrepreneurship in Nigeria. Considering the responsibility of the media to contribute to the development of a society by monitoring the government and enlightening the governed, it is expected that they should give attention to an issue as important as entrepreneurship. Hence, this study examines the extent to which entrepreneurial innovation is given coverage in Nigerian national newspapers and how this can lead to sustainable development in Nigeria. Vanguard, Punch and Thisday newspapers were purposively selected and issues from 2013 to 2015 for each were used for the study. This paper recommends ways in which entrepreneurship can be enhanced through media partnership.

12:30
Musibau Ajagbe (Ritman University, Nigeria, Nigeria)
Amanda Ngozi Kelechi (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Chinonye Love Moses (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Anthony Akwawa Uduimoh (Ritman University, Nigeria)
PROBLEMS AND VISIONS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION IN POST PRIMARY SCHOOLS

ABSTRACT. Entrepreneurship is the process of designing, launching and running a new business, i.e. a startup company offering a product, process or service. It has been defined as the capacity and willingness to develop, organize and manage a business venture along with any of its risks in order to make a profit. Entrepreneurship education, however, seeks to provide students with the knowledge, skills and motivation to encourage entrepreneurial success in a variety of settings. Variations of entrepreneurship education are offered at all levels of schooling from primary or secondary schools through graduate university programs. The need to create sustainable employment for the youths and reduce reliance on white collar employment after graduation has necessitated the urgent need for the introduction of entrepreneurship education in educational institutions in Nigeria. Hence, the main purpose of this study is to examine the prospect and challenges of entrepreneurship education in secondary schools in Nigeria. This study uses both primary and secondary sources of data generation to source information from respondents. The researcher adopts qualitative approach to gather data from respondents through a tape recorded interview. Semi-structured questions were used to collect the data from 8 teachers who are involved in teaching entrepreneurship (theory and practical) from both private and public secondary schools located in Ogun state, Nigeria. The data collected were transcribed, the content coded and analysed with the use of constant comparative method and thematic analysis. This study anticipates the need for government to focus more attention to catch them young by encouraging the teaching of entrepreneurship in secondary schools across the country.

12:45
Abimbola Adegbuyi (covenant university, Nigeria)
Oladele Kehinde (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Omotayo Adegbuyi (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Olatunji Fadeyi (Covenant University, Nigeria)
NIGERIAN SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: THE ROLES OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES DEVELOPMENT AGENCY OF NIGERIA

ABSTRACT. In recent time, no other sector has enjoyed as much prominence in Nigeria’s development plans as the small and medium industrial sector. There has been a decisive shift of emphasis from capital intensive, large scale industrial project by the three tiers of government in Nigeria to small scale enterprises. Small scale enterprises have been observed over the years to have immense potentials for socio-economic development of a nation. The objectives of the paper is to establish the immense potentials of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria, to identify the challenges being faced by SMEs in Nigeria and the roles of Small and medium Enterprises Development Agency of Nigeria (SMEDAN) in addressing these challenges. This reviewed work revealed that SMEDAN is faced with a lot of challenges ranging from inadequate fund, tribalism, nepotism, lack of enlightenment/campaign amongst others. The study found out that SMEDAN has not carried out its roles to a large extent to help alleviate the challenges faced by small and medium enterprises in Nigerians. It is recommended that there should be more awareness about the existence of the agency and it roles, there should be checks and balances to curb corruption etc. These will help the agency to carry out its roles efficiently and effectively so that the small and medium enterprises will have greater impact on t

13:00
Olayinka Erin (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Iyiola Ogundele (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Olaoye Ogundele (Babcock University, Nigeria)
Whistle Blowing and Quality of Financial Reporting in the Nigerian Banking Sector
SPEAKER: unknown

ABSTRACT. Introduction

The collapse of USA energy company ‘Enron’ in 2001 and subsequent financial crisis that engulfed the banking and other financial institutions in Nigeria in 2009 which was as a result of fraudulent and manipulation of financial reports. Whistle blowing has taken a greater importance in the financial reporting activities of banks and other financial institutions. The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) issued a circular on the guidelines for whistle blowing for banks in Nigeria in order to ensure the integrity of financial reporting in the Nigerian banking sector. The objective of this study is to examine the extent to which whistle blowing policy has improved the quality of financial reporting in the Nigerian banking sector.

Methodology

The study explores the use of survey design method to carry out the methodology for this study. All the listed banks on the Nigerian Stock Exchange were used as a case study. The respondents for this study are the Big Four Audit firms (Ernst & Young, PWC, KPMG and Akintola Williams) in Nigeria.

Conclusion

This study examines whistle blowing and quality of financial reporting in the Nigerian banking sector. There is a vivid evidence that whistle blowing policy has improve the quality of financial reporting in the Nigerian banking sector.

13:15
Hector Iweka (Lasell College, 23 Maple Terrace Newton, Massachusetts, USA, 02466, USA)
Felicia Olokoyo (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Abiola Babajide (Covenant University, Nigeria)
THE DYNAMICS OF SMALL BUSINESS IN AN EMERGING MARKET: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
SPEAKER: unknown

ABSTRACT. Small-scale enterprises have and will continue to play a vital role in economic development of both developed and developing countries, small business is considered the driver of economic growth. This role includes infrastructure development, employment, reduction in poverty, wealth creation and development of human capital. Government of African Nations have developed and implemented various policies aimed to stimulate and grow entrepreneurial development; however these businesses still face various challenges during the introduction stage as well as the growth stage of the businesses. This paper examined the challenges that small-scale enterprises face in Nigeria during the early stages and also explore opportunities that these businesses could derive from their immediate environment. The study employed cross sectional survey method and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to analyze seventy one (71) copies of questionnaire returned from the field. The findings revealed that lack of access to finance and unfavorable macroeconomic environment still remain the major challenge faced by small businesses in Nigeria and that age and size of the businesses play significant role in all of this. The study therefore recommends that the SMEs funding agencies should not adopt a blanket financing option for all categories of business in terms of age and sizes within the economy. Rather, policies aimed at promoting the performance and growth of micro and small enterprises should adopt a sectional approach. Thus, resources for each category would address the most critical determinants of performance and growth in focal sub-category such as micro, small or medium enterprises.

13:30
Ekene Obiekwe (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Evans Osabbuohien (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Exchange Rate Pass-Through, Exchange Rate Volatility and Inflation Rate in Nigeria
SPEAKER: Ekene Obiekwe

ABSTRACT. The over reliance of the Nigerian economy on imports and the fragility of her external sector necessitates the need to evaluate the extent to which exchange rate fluctuations translate to inflation in relation to other macroeconomic fundamentals. Recently, the Nigerian economy has been experiencing significant exchange rate fluctuations, particularly depreciations in the foreign exchange market which has been accompanied with inflation. Given this background, this paper investigates the relationship between exchange rate volatility and inflation as well as the extent to which exchange rate volatility contributes to inflation in Nigeria based on monthly time series data (January 2006 to September 2015). It employs The Generalised Auto Regressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH), Vector Auto Regression (VAR), Cointegration, Impulse Response Function and Variance Decomposition techniques in achieving its objectives. One of the expected findings is that: in the short-run, a highly volatile exchange rate is associated with low exchange rate pass through to inflation as firms may reluctant to adjust their prices as there may be later reversion of the exchange rate, thereby generating a low inflation response within the economy and vice versa. However, in the long-run and within the Nigeria’s context, it was observed that exchange rate volatility did not necessarily result to exchange rate depreciations and reversions, among others

13:45
Muyiwa Oladosun (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Samuel Okposin (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Oluyomi Ola-David (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Hygiene Conditions in Families and Diarrhea Occurrence among Children aged 0-5 in Nigeria
SPEAKER: unknown

ABSTRACT. Key focus of this paper is to examine hygiene conditions leading to diarrhea occurrence, a major cause of death among children aged 0-5 in Nigeria. The aim is to provide information that will enable policy makers prevent diarrhea among children in the country. The study used the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) nationally representative sample of 38,948 women aged 19-49. Main relationships examined include diarrhea occurrence among children aged 0-5 vs. household background factors; diarrhea occurrence vs. source of drinking water; and diarrhea occurrence vs. type of toilet facility in household. Multivariate analysis employed logistics regression, bivariate used chi-square statistic, and univariate percentages. Findings showed that 47% of respondents obtained drinking water from unprotected surface/well water, the majority (80%) used pit toilet/latrine, and 14% reported that their child had diarrhea within two week of the survey. Occurrence of diarrhea varied across region (p-value = 0.000), residence (p-value = 0.000), age (p-value = 0.000), household size (p-value = 0.000), education (p-value = 0.000), and wealth index (p-value = 0.000), among other independent variables. Key predictors of diarrhea in the binary logistics regression results included region, residence, education, and household size. Recommendations are on the need to factor these key predictors into effective programming to reduce or prevent diarrhea a killer disease among children in Nigeria.

14:00-15:10Lunch Break / Exhibition

Lunch Break (All Registered Participants)

14:00-15:10 Session : Lunch Break / Exhibition

Partners' Exhibition

Location: ALDC Pavillion
15:10-18:00 Session 7A: Track 1C

SESSION II (Track 1C): Sustainable Infrastructure for development in Africa

1. Mongamo Jantjies, Julius Ndambuki, Williams Kupolati, Adeyemi Adeboje and Chewe Kambole

SUSTAINABLE NON-MOTORIZED TRANSPORT FOR GA-RANKUWA AND ROSSLYN TRANSPORT CORRIDOR, CITY OF TSHWANE, SOUTH AFRICA

2. Anthony Ede, Gideon Bamigboye, Oluwarotimi Olofinnade, David Omole, Gideon Adeyemi and Ben Ngene

IMPACT OF RELIABLE BUILT STRUCTURES IN DRIVING THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS: A LOOK AT NIGERIAN BUILDING STRUCTURES

3. Oyetoro Ogunsanya, Mayowa Fanu and Dare Abel

ASSESSING THE ADEQUACY OF PUBLIC HOUSING INFRASTRUCTURES IN LAGOS, NIGERIA.

4. B. Oniemayin, T. Tenebe, P. Emenike, A. Busari, G. Bamigboye and K. Daramola

SPECTRAL RESPONSES AND CLASSIFICATION OF EARTH’S FEATURES ON SATELLITE IMAGERY

 5. Timothy Soneye, Anthony Ede, Gideon Olukunle Bamigboye and David Olukanni

THE STUDY OF PERIWINKLE SHELLS AS FINE AND COARSE AGGREGATE IN CONCRETE WORKS

6. Victor Oloyode and Mayowa Ajibola

AN EVALUATION OF LEADERSHIP SUCCESSION PLANNING EFFORTS AMONG ESTATE SURVEYING AND VALUATION FIRMS IN LAGOS METROPOLIS, NIGERIA

7. Akintunde Samson Alayande, Claudius Awosope and Ademola Abdulkareem

GRAPH-THEORETICAL APPROACH FOR SOLVING LOSS ALLOCATION PROBLEMS IN INTERCONNECTED POWER GRIDS

Chairs:
Albert Adeboye (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Olabosipo Fagbenle (Covenant University, Nigeria)
David Olukanni (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Location: CEDS Hall 1
15:10
Udeme Okon (COVENANT UNIVERSITY, Nigeria)
UTILIZATION OF THE INTERNET IN PIPELINE PROTECTION AGAINST VANDALISM
SPEAKER: Udeme Okon
15:25
Taiwo Kasumu (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Ifeanyi Onyeonoru (University of Ibadan, Nigeria)
Tayo George (Covenant University, Nigeria)
ARCHIVAL REVIEW OF THE ROLE OF THE CITIZENS MEDIATION CENTRE IN LANDLORD-TENANT DISPUTE RESOLUTION IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
SPEAKER: Tayo George

ABSTRACT. Millions of people in developing and developed countries use rental housing to meet their housing or business needs. Additionally, housing is source of income generation for many landlords. While peaceful co-existence between landlords (house owners) and tenants (persons who pays rent for occupying/using a housing facility for a specified period of time) is the norm in some locations/places, elsewhere, landlord-tenant relations are characterised by suspicion, mistrust, power tussle, and the struggle by each group to get the best out of the relationship at the expense of the other. This situation most times lead to disputes if not amicably resolved, the sour relationship between the two groups may degenerate into violence and breach of public peace. Although informal channels for resolving landlord and tenant disputes exist, lack of fairness of the mechanisms coupled with the cost, prolonged hearing and lack of privacy of the judicial forum led to the establishment of the Citizens Mediation Centre (CMC) in 1999. Using a qualitative approach, this study examines the role of the Citizens Mediation Centre in resolving landlord-tenant disputes in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study utilizes Human Needs Theory and secondary sources of data to analyse landlord-tenant relations. Findings from the study will promote a better understanding of the CMC’s dispute resolution activities in addition to making recommendations for improved landlord-tenant relations in the study area.

Keywords: Landlords, Tenants, Disputes, Citizens, Mediation, Centre

15:40
Mongamo Jantjies (Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa)
Julius Ndambuki (Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa)
Williams Kupolati (Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa)
Adeyemi Adeboje (Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa)
Chewe Kambole (Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa)
SUSTAINABLE NON-MOTORIZED TRANSPORT FOR GA-RANKUWA AND ROSSLYN TRANSPORT CORRIDOR, CITY OF TSHWANE, SOUTH AFRICA

ABSTRACT. Integration of transport modes is essential to achieving a sustainable transport system. A sustainable transport is one that is accessible, safe, environmentally-friendly and affordable. All trips in private and public transport begin and end with walking. Non-Motorized Transport (NMT) plays a key role in completion of any journey from origin to destination. However, this mode of transport is not used optimally to enhance sustainable transport, especially where public transport is concerned. The aim of the study was to determine an optimal combination of transport modes for trips made by BMW employees residing in Ga-Rankuwa, North of Pretoria, in order to reduce cost of transportation. The travel behaviour of BMW employees was investigated by first studying secondary sources of information such as the Integrated Transport Plan (ITP) and the Municipal Household Survey (MHS) of the City of Tshwane. The secondary data was supplemented with primary data which was sourced by interviewing the Human Resources Department at BMW (Rosslyn) and conducting study tours on the route between Ga-Rankuwa and Rosslyn. The travel behaviour of BMW workers was investigated to understand trip origins and destinations; transportation costs; travel times and vehicle kilometres travelled. Transportation scenarios were developed and optimized using linear programming. Four transportation scenarios were analysed and optimized, including the current scenario. The transportation scenarios that were developed were based on relevant literature such as the City of Tshwane’s ITP, The Department of Transport NMT Policy and The pedestrian and bicycle facilities guidelines of the Department of Transport of the Republic of South Africa. The optimization of transportation for BMW workers was regarded as a transportation problem; and was solved using simplex technique, a linear programming approach. The model was subjected to a sensitivity analysis and the results were analysed. It was found that the dominant mode of transport for the trips between Ga-Rankuwa and Rosslyn is the Taxi. It was further discovered that the BMW employees spent on average R18.47 per trip on travelling costs using taxis. The recognition of cycling as a mode of transport for short trips allows for additional transportation scenarios as available options for commuters. The integration of cycling as a feeder system to trains resulted in 36% trip cost reduction for the commuters. The research revealed that while less than 45% of the employees may continue to use the present scenario, more than 55% of the employees may use a combination of cycling and trains. It is recommended that similar studies may be carried out on a wider scale to understand the general impact of cycling as feeder mode in other industrial areas of the City of Tshwane.

15:55
Anthony Ede (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Gideon Bamigboye (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Oluwarotimi Olofinnade (Covenant University, Nigeria)
David Omole (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Gideon Adeyemi (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Ben Ngene (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Impact of Reliable Built Structures in Driving the Sustainable Development Goals: A look at Nigerian Building Structures
SPEAKER: Anthony Ede

ABSTRACT. The bearing of lasting built structures in driving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) cannot be overemphasized. The SDGs agenda is a plan of action for eradicating poverty among the people of the world, strengthening universal peace and laying the foundation for sustainable development and prosperity for all. The quality of built structures in an environment defines the level of advancement attained by the society, for which the quality of structures that will lay the base for sustainable development must be reliable. No meaningful development can be achieved without reliable built structures. In fact, all the 17 SDGs need consistent built structures to be achieved. This paper researches on the reliability of built structures as a base for sustainable development with particular emphasis on Nigerian building structures and road infrastructure. Statistical method is used to analyze data on failed building structures and road infrastructure. Results obtained point to the fact that the failure rate and the casualty rate of Nigerian building structures and road infrastructure are very high. As safety of human lives is implicitly embedded in the SDGs, much have to be done to raise the standard of building structures and road infrastructure that will contribute to the achievement of the SDGs.

16:10
Oyetoro Ogunsanya (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Mayowa Fanu (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Dare Abel (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Assessing the Adequacy of Public Housing Infrastructures in Lagos, Nigeria.

ABSTRACT. The provision of infrastructural amenities is an important ingredient in housing development and formal housing supply, thus adequate provision of housing facilities are regarded as critical facilitator for economic development and key to improving the quality of life in any community irrespective of size. While there is a plurality of housing issues, the problem of infrastructure in housing remains prominent especially when mass housing schemes are considered. The failure of some of these housing schemes has revealed that housing provision go beyond the ordinary provision of shelter for needs of man. Hence, the need to approach the situation in a pragmatic way, with a focus on the infrastructural provision – an important aspect of housing that is often left to fate – in most common housing schemes in developing countries – like Nigeria. The aim of this study is to assess the adequacy of infrastructure provision in housing projects. This study adopts mixed method approach. A structured questionnaire will be developed to harvest data from residents, developers and interested owners. Interviews will be conducted with staff of development companies, professionals of the built environment and executives of community development association. The study underscores the need to consider relevant infrastructures for housing improvement and development in Nigeria with a view to ascertaining the sustainability of the housing environment and from this a conclusion would be drawn and recommendations in generating sustainable housing provision.

16:25
Babatunde Oniemayin (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Theophilus Tenebe (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Praisegod Emenike (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Ayobami Busari (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Gideon Bamigboye (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Kofoworola Daramola (Covenant University, Nigeria)
SPECTRAL RESPONSES AND CLASSIFICATION OF EARTH’S FEATURES ON SATELLITE IMAGERY

ABSTRACT. Remote sensing is fast becoming one of the most important tools in studying and classifying land-cover classes. Satellite remote sensing technology has provided environmental managers with a relatively cheap and accessible technique to observe and accurately classify earth’s features into common groups based on the similarities in behavior of their component structures. This technology takes cognizance of the energy that emanates from the sun. As the sun’s electromagnetic light energy reaches earth surface, they are either absorbed and/or re-radiated into the atmosphere, depending on the component and structure of the receiving surface. The extent of absorption or radiation also depends on these components. Space satellite sensors are able to measure wavelengths of light energy absorbed and reflected by the earth’s surface. This paper assesses the spectral responses of three main land cover types (vegetation, water bodies and built-up areas which include buildings, pavements and tarmacs) – i.e. how they usurp electromagnetic radiation, how satellite sensors are able to detect and measure the radiation wavelengths and how the data obtained is used. It also presents mathematical indices with which land cover classification computations are made. The indices can be used to compute and determine specific land cover types from a constellation of several land cover categories on satellite imageries. LandSat-8 imagery of Nantucket Island, state of Massachusetts, USA was used for the computations.

16:40
Timothy Soneye (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Anthony Ede (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Gideon Olukunle Bamigboye (Covenant University, Nigeria)
David Olukanni (Covenant University, Nigeria)
The Study of Periwinkle Shells as Fine and Coarse Aggregate in Concrete Works

ABSTRACT. For a country like Nigeria and indeed the third world countries at large, to be able to achieve a sustainable infrastructural development particularly in the area of housing in the nearest future, low cost building materials especially those readily available within each geo political areas must be exploited and used to make housing affordable for all and sundry. The inflationary trend in the Nigeria economy escalated the cost of building materials to the extent that many of the conventional building materials are becoming too expensive for the construction of low cost housing. This research studies the suitability of periwinkle shells as fine and coarse aggregate in construction works. Experimental and statistical approach was adopted in this project. Physical and mechanical properties of periwinkle shells and crushed granite were determined and compared. A total of sixty (60) concrete cubes of size 150 x 150 x 150 mm with different percentages by weight of crushed granite to periwinkle shells as fine and coarse aggregate in order of 0%, 10%, 30%, 50% and 100% inclusion of periwinkle shells were cast, tested and their physical and mechanical properties were determined. Compressive strength test showed that 30% replacement of granite by periwinkle shells and 30% replacement of sharp sand by periwinkle fine aggregate were satisfactory without compromise in compressive strength requirement for a mix ratio 1:2:4. Also, the cost analysis shows a 24% savings in cost when periwinkle shells are used holistically (100%) as coarse aggregate and 6.8% savings in cost when 30% are used to replace granite as coarse aggregate.

16:55
Victor Oloyode (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Mayowa Ajibola (Covenant University, Nigeria)
An Evaluation of Leadership Succession Planning Efforts among Estate Surveying and Valuation Firms in Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria
17:10
Akintunde Samson Alayande (Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa)
Claudius Awosope (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Ademola Abdulkareem (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Graph-Theoretical Approach for Solving Loss Allocation Problems in Interconnected Power Grids

ABSTRACT. A fair and transparent allocation of transmission loss to network generators and loads has been a major challenge for efficient transmission pricing in the open access environment. In this paper, the application of graph theory in solving loss allocation problems in highly interconnected and large-sized power networks is investigated. A General Allocation Factor (GAF) matrix, which relies on Kirchoff’s laws, for any given power network, is formulated. The contribution from each generator to individual loads within the network is determined based on the GAF matrix. The transmission line loss is obtained, based on the ac power-flow solutions, using Newton-Raphson iterative technique. The transmission line losses that are obtained are allocated to the generators and loads within the network according to GAF matrix. The efficiency of the approach is demonstrated using a standard IEEE 5-bus system and tested on a practical Nigerian 28-bus network. The results obtained, from the simulations, show the effectiveness of the method in solving loss allocation problems in real-time power networks.

15:10-18:00 Session 7B: Track 6

SESSION II (Track 6): Developing the Knowledge Economy in Africa

1. Goodluck Ifijeh, Juliana Iwu-James and Oyeronke Adebayo

DIGITAL INCLUSION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA: THE ROLE OF LIBRARIES

2. Ayodeji Ojo and Isaac Oluwatayo

DRIVERS AND CHALLENGES OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA

3. Victoria Pam and Mercy Ozoya

FRAUD VICTIMS’ REACTION AND CRIME PREVENTION IN NIGERIA: THE ROLE OF A KNOWLEDGEABLE ECONOMY

4. Olawale Johnson and Ese Urhie

ATTAINING SUSTAINABLE GROWTH IN THE FACE OF FALLING OIL PRICES: ICT AS THE WAY OUT FOR OIL EXPORTING COUNTRIES

5. Olusuyi Ajayi, T Akinbobola, Samuel Okposin and Oluyomi Ola-David

INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF EXCHANGE RATE VOLATILITY AND FOREIGN CAPITAL FLOWS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS

6. Mariam Akomolafe, Olabosipo Fagbenle, Adedeji Afolabi, Felix Makinde and Ayoola Fagbenle

AN IDENTIFICATION OF CLOGS IMPEDING CRAFTSMEN’S PRODUCTIVITY IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY IN SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA

7. Ayodele Onawumi, Oluseyi Ajayi and Oluwaseun Adelodun

DEVELOPMENT OF A PREDICTIVE MODEL FOR PRODUCTIVITY IN A BEVERAGE COMPANY IN OYO STATE

8. Damilola Eluyela.

AUDIT STANDARDS AND PERFORMANCE OF AUDITORS: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIAN BANKING INDUSTRY

Chairs:
Philip Alege (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Christian Bolu (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Sanjay Misra (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Location: CEDS Hall 2
15:10
Ifeoluwa Ogunrinola (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Henry Okodua (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Effects of Monetary Policy Shocks on the Nigerian Economy
SPEAKER: Henry Okodua

ABSTRACT. The attainment of set macroeconomic goals has been the main thrust behind any monetary authority of an economy. Hence, monetary authorities try to manage the economy, using different monetary policy instruments in order to achieve pre-determined targets for the economy. Monetary policy shocks have been identified as policy actions of monetary authorities which is used to ensure macroeconomic stability by speeding up the economy when it is sluggish and cooling down the economy when it overheats. Therefore, correctly identifying the effects of monetary policy innovations is necessary for good policy making for any economy.

This study analyses the effects of monetary policy shocks on the economy of Nigeria during the period 1980-2012. The study uses quarterly data of selected variables to gauge the impact of monetary policy shocks to the economy. The econometric technique adopted for this study is the Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR), which helps to trace the effects of monetary policy shocks on output and prices in Nigeria. In the study, we make the assumption that monetary authorities are unable to observe (sudden) unexpected changes in output and prices within the same period. This assumption therefore places a recursive restriction on the structural disturbances of the SVAR model. Three policy variables (broad money supply, M2, minimum rediscount rate, MRR and the real exchange rate, RER) and two non-policy variables (output, proxy by real gross domestic product, RGDP and inflation rate, proxy by the index for consumer prices, CPI) are used in the study.

Overall, the study find evidences that monetary policy innovations carried out on the quantity based nominal anchor, M2, has the most significant effect on output and prices (i.e. RGDP and CPI) with a very fast speed of adjustment while other policy variables were insignificant. This inference is drawn from the estimated reduced form vector autoregression (VAR), coefficients of the contemporaneous (short run) variables and the impulse-response function (IRF) analysis of the SVAR model.

Realizations from the estimated model provoked some policy recommendations. Most important among the recommended policies is that monetary policy authorities should place more emphasis on the manipulation of the quantity-based nominal anchor (M2) for managing the economy since it has proved to be of most significant impact on output and prices. Additionally, effective monetary policy should be focused on manipulating instruments like the liquidity ratio, reserve ratio and transaction on Treasury Bills (TBs) and Repurchase Order instruments (REPOs) which directly affects the monetary aggregate, M2.

15:25
Adedayo Adedeji (Bells University of Technology, Nigeria)
Anthony Akinlo (Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria)
Threshold Effects between Longevity, Labour Productivity and Economic Growth in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA): a Non-dynamic Panel Data Analysis

ABSTRACT. The theoretical demographic distribution stated that averagely the age group of the labour force is 15 to 64 years. Data showed that the highest longevity value of sub-Saharan Africans is approximately 54 years in the year 2010; 11 years less than the age of exit from the labour force, not to even compare with the developed countries. This study investigated the threshold effects in the relationship between longevity and labour productivity, and between longevity and economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Panel data spanning from 1990 to 2012 for 38 SSA countries were used and Hansen (1999) non-dynamic panel data test and estimation methods were adopted. The results revealed that, longevity was an increasing function of labour productivity and economic growth, with the significant threshold effects at ages 46.7 years on labour productivity and 67.5 years on economic growth. Among other things, food availability and capital accumulation were significantly required. Thus, policies that could accommodate people of age 67.5 years who are still fit to work, and provide entrepreneurial training and funds for the unemployed youth are worthwhile in SSA countries.

15:40
Ikedianchi Ayodele Power Wogu (Covenant University, Nigeria)
A. A. Atayero (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Fadeke . E Olu-Owolabi (Covenant University, Nigeria)
M. A. Sholarin (Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria, Nigeria)
U. K Ogbuehi (Covenant University, Nigeria)
V.O. Akoleowo (Covenant University, Nigeria)
P.C. Ubogu (Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria, Nigeria)
THE CHANGING FACE OF EDUCATION AND THE DILEMMA OF MASSIVE OPEN ONLINE COURSES (MOOCs) IN NIGERIA’S TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS: IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT

ABSTRACT. On-going studies indicate that the changing face of education via online instruction has drastically turned the tables on the essence of the flipped classroom where usually class work goes home and home work comes to class, a scenario referred to as ‘education tsunami’. Aside the psychological and ethical problems arising from this scenario, preliminary studies carried out in Nigerian tertiary institutions revealed that most students tend to feel their fingers burnt out when they fail to get expected rewards from the exercise (enrolling in an MOOC). While employing the traditional methods of rational critical analysis in philosophy to interrogate, and analyze the major contending arguments on the place and relevance of MOOCs in Nigeria’s 21st century development, preliminary investigations show an increasing number of students dropping out of MOOCs programmes as a result of problems ranging from distancing phobia and unnecessary anxiety.The flipped classroom model is however recommended as a method which institutions and educators need to embracing since it offers a winwin situation for both students and facilitators.

15:55
Folashade Owolabi (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Dorcas Adetula (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Akinwumi Taleatu (Mountain Top University, Nigeria)
Uwalomwa Uwuigbe (Covenant University, Nigeria)
SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING IN NIGERIA: AN INVESTIGATION OF SELECTED LISTED COMPANIES

ABSTRACT. Sustainability reporting has gained recognition as an improvement to traditional reporting. Whereas there is mandatory requirement for sustainability reporting in some countries, it is implemented in some other countries as a voluntary practice. This study investigated the extent of sustainability reporting practiced by selected listed multinational companies in the consumer goods sector operating in Nigeria vis-à-vis their counterparts operating in other countries. Content analysis was used to analyse the data extracted from their annual reports and the Global reporting initiative (GRI) sustainability reporting guideline was used as a basis of assessment. The period covered was 2010 to 2014. The study found irreconcilable differences in the sustainability indexes among some of the companies investigated. Consequently, this study recommends the regulation of sustainability reporting in Nigeria so as to enforce compliance on corporate entities.

16:10
Goodluck Ifijeh (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Juliana Iwu-James (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Oyeronke Adebayo (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Digital Inclusion And Sustainable Development In Nigeria: The Role Of Libraries
SPEAKER: unknown

ABSTRACT. Sustainable development has been defined as the development that meets the social, economic and technological needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. To attain sustainable development, the roles of information and digital literacy cannot be ignored. Unfortunately, according to the National Bureau of Statistics, adult illiteracy rate in Nigeria stands at 56.9%, while 95% of the population does not have access to either computers or internet. Considering that opportunities and access to information and communication technologies (which are key drivers of sustainable development) are predicated on literacy, the Nigerian situation is very disturbing. In this paper, we examine the concept of digital inclusion and its role in sustainable development. We view digital inclusion as the ability of individuals or groups to access and use information and communication technologies. An assessment of the Nigerian situation reveals that libraries at different levels have critical roles to play in surmounting the challenges of digital inclusion in the country. The paper concludes with recommendations to key actors in the Nigerian polity.

16:25
Ayodeji Ojo (University of Ibadan, Nigeria)
Isaac Oluwatayo (University of Limpopo, South Africa)
Drivers and Challenges of Sustainable Development in Africa
SPEAKER: Ayodeji Ojo

ABSTRACT. Sustainable development is at the core of global policy discourse. This is because it emphasises the environmental, economic and social considerations in the quest of countries to improve wellbeing. This paper therefore examined the drivers and challenges of sustainable development in Africa. The tale of Africa in terms of sustainable development is mixed-good and bad. The continent is one of the fastest growing economies in the world. Africa has a favourable weather and large landmass for agriculture. The resource endowments especially in terms of human and natural resources are high. However, poverty, inequality, malnutrition, youth unemployment are the highest in Africa. Therefore, it follows that Africa is a land of superlatives. Africa’s sustainable development is constrained by corruption, infrastructure deficits, insecurity and reliance on primary products. The study recommends increased and monitored investments in infrastructure. Existing efforts on reducing insurgency and corruption should be intensified. There is also the need to promote value addition in African trade.

16:40
Victoria Pam (Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria)
Mercy Ozoya (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Fraud victims’ reaction and crime prevention in Nigeria: The role of a knowledgeable economy
SPEAKER: Victoria Pam

ABSTRACT. Fraud has been in existence throughout history. A combination of the social and economic factors such as age, gender, sex, income and marital status have been identified by many scholars to affect the perpetrators choice of victimization to a large extent. The impact of fraud on victims is very important as it is similar to the impact of other crimes on those affected. Victim’s reaction to fraud differs; victims sometimes loose trust in their own judgement and also they lose trust in others, the victim feels a sense of betrayal especially if the perpetrator(s) is someone they know. Also due to fear of criticism, they sometimes hesitate to tell family members, friends or colleagues about their victimization. Fraud can destroy victims financial security, sometimes that of loved ones. However, not everyone has the same reaction, for some people, the reaction may even be delayed for some days, weeks or even months, recovering from fraud can be a difficult experience after a personal experience of this kind. This study investigates the factors that determine how fraud victims react in Covenant University Community of Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria. The snowball sampling technique was adopted to select 203 persons who have been defrauded in one form or the other. The survey questionnaire instrument of data collection was used to elicit responses from the respondents. Data were analysed with descriptive statistical tools. Findings show that age, sex, level of education, marital status and employment status have significant relationship with victim’s willingness to report when defrauded. It is recommended that public enlightenment programmes be established to educate the masses on the positive outcome of reporting fraud by victims thereby building a knowledgeable economy to tackle fraud perpetration.

16:55
Olawale Johnson (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Ese Urhie (COVENANT UNIVERSITY, Nigeria)
Attaining Sustainable Growth in the Face of Falling Oil Prices: ICT as the Way out for Oil Exporting Countries
SPEAKER: unknown

ABSTRACT. Since the beginning of the year 2016, the prices of crude oil have reduced by over 20%. This situation has forced Oil-Rich Nations and Oil-Dependent Nations to emergency meetings in order to address the situation and forestall the looming economic downturn. With the price of oil falling to as low as $31.72 per barrel, as at January 12, 2016, global organizations such as BP, Shell and Chevron are laying off thousands of workers in order to effectively manage their operations. Oil Exporting countries have started pointing accusing fingers as some have stated that over production by countries like the United States is the reason behind the price slump. The world now has an excess of over one million barrels per day. This study examines the impact of falling oil prices will have on the budgets of oil-exporting countries and prescribes avenues to ensure that oil exporting economies can finance their budgets and ensure that the budget is balanced.

17:10
Olusuyi Ajayi (Bells University of Technology and Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria)
T Akinbobola (Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria)
Samuel Okposin (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Oluyomi Ola-David (Covenant University, Nigeria, Nigeria)
Interactive Effects of Exchange Rate Volatility and Foreign Capital Flows on Economic Growth in Nigeria: An Empirical Analysis
SPEAKER: unknown

ABSTRACT. Various literatures have attested to the vital roles of foreign capital inflow in bridging the savings-investment gaps in developing countries in other to bring about the much desired development. The deterrent role of exchange rate volatility in rousing desirable streams of foreign capital flow is also notable. However, much discussion has been centred on the implications of financial development and financial liberalisation prevalent in a country on the effects of exchange rate volatility and capital inflows on economic growth. This study focuses on investigating the implications of interacting financial development with exchange rate volatility on one hand and financial development with capital inflows on the other hand. Moreover, the interactive effect of financial liberalisation with exchange rate volatility and financial liberalisation with capital inflow will be appropriately examined with a view to observe their disaggregated contributions to economic growth. Data on gross domestic product, foreign direct investment, official development assistance, foreign private investment and exchange rate will be retrieved from Statistical Bulletins of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) while data on foreign aid and workers’ remittances will be sourced from World Bank’s World Development Indicator database. Exchange rate volatility will be computed using the standard deviation of the first difference of logarithms of the exchange rate. Ordinary least squares (OLS) and Generalised method of Moments (GMM) techniques will be employed to analyse the interactive effects of the variables of interest on GDP. Consequently, it is expected that the findings of this study will provide policy implications necessary to set Nigeria on the path of sustainable economic development.

17:25
Mariam Akomolafe (Covenant University, Ota,Ogun State, Nigeria, Nigeria)
Olabosipo Fagbenle (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria, Nigeria)
Adedeji Afolabi (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria, Nigeria)
Felix Makinde (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria, Nigeria)
Ayoola Fagbenle (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria, Nigeria)
AN IDENTIFICATION OF CLOGS IMPEDING CRAFTSMEN’S PRODUCTIVITY IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY IN SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA

ABSTRACT. Construction firms in Nigeria are known at making frantic efforts to compete favourably for contracts, make profits and also strive to remain in business. For this to manifest however, productivity among others must be sustained. This paper therefore addresses the clogs that can affect craftsmen’s productivity in southwestern Nigeria. With a focus on the six states (Lagos, Ogun, Oyo, Osun, Ondo and Ekiti) in the study area, one hundred questionnaires each, backed with on-site observation and measurements, were administered to the management and craftsmen on construction sites in the three stratifications (large-sized, medium-sized and small-sized). The results of parametric and non-parametric statistical techniques indicate that the five most ranked factors affecting craftsmen’s productivity are inadequate/lack of tools and equipment, rework, material shortage, weather condition and fatigue. The paper concluded that all the identified factors must be addressed by the stakeholders in the construction industry in order to improve craftsmen’s productivity in Nigeria.

17:40
Ayodele Onawumi (COVENANT UNIVERSITY, Nigeria)
Oluseyi Ajayi (COVENANT UNIVERSITY, Nigeria)
Oluwaseun Adelodun (LAUTECH,OGBOMOSO, Nigeria)
DEVELOPMENT OF A PREDICTIVE MODEL FOR PRODUCTIVITY IN A BEVERAGE COMPANY IN OYO STATE

ABSTRACT. ABSTRACT Productivity is a key measurable performance index which finds it application in all sectors of human endeavor. Production system is not an exception as significant flow of resources takes place throughout the life of its output. However, it is quite tasking for many organization to come up with a reliable evaluation matrix as efforts are made to improve upon the traditional method of estimation. In this study a computer assisted measure was deployed in the development of appropriate predictive model for determining the productivity of a Beverage Company considering the economically dependent variables of costs of safety and labour. Computer code was developed into productivity calculator for labour productivity and profit determination using MatLab programming platform. The model was subsequently trained and validated to a significant level of p = 0.5 using relevant records gathered from the company. The predictive calculator has the capacity to assist decision makers in the planning and controlling scarce resources - in the beverages Company and related production firms- which characterizes the current economic situation in Nigeria.

17:55
Damilola Eluyela (Covenant University, Nigeria)
AUDIT STANDARDS AND PERFORMANCE OF AUDITORS’: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIAN BANKING INDUSTRY

ABSTRACT. The study address the issue of auditors’ performance and audit standards in Nigerian Banking Sector and the understanding of issues surrounding the way and manner that Nigerian auditors’ carry out their work. As a result of issuing qualified audit report in the Nigeria financial institutions, many prospective owners and customers have lost billions of Naira, due to the negligence of the auditors’. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the influence that audit standards has on performance of auditors’ in the Nigerian banking sector. The study uses both primary data in form of questionnaires and secondary source of data, previous articles and journals where reviewed on audit standards and auditors performance. The findings from the materials shows that there is a positive relationship between audit standards and performance of auditors’ in the Nigerian banking industry. Also, there are so many critics to the International Auditing Standards. The study therefore recommends more clarifications and interpretations to this standards to help improve the performance of auditors.

15:10-18:00 Session 7C: Track 7

SESSION II (Track 7): Sustainable agriculture & food security in Africa

1. Oluwatoyin Ajayi and David Omole

USE OF AGRICULTURAL WASTES AND LIMESTONE FOR THE REMOVAL OF IRON FROM DRINKING WATER

2. Bunmi Olopade, Olubukola Oyawoye, Fikayo Babatunde and Solomon Oranusi

EFFECT OF NITROGEN ON THE NUTRITIONAL QUALITY AND MICROBIAL LOAD OF ROSELLE (HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA L).

3. Tadele Tafese Habte

ADOPTION AND INTENSITY OF ROW-SEEDING (CASE OF WOLAITA ZONE)

4. Onyinyechi Steve-Essi and Francis Idachaba

FOOD SECURITY AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA

5. Akinwale Akinleye, Francisca George, Adeolu Akinyemi and Oluwatoyin Afolabi

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF A LOCALLY DEVELOPED PROBIOTIC WITH A COMMERCIAL PROBIOTIC IN THE AFRICAN CATFISH, Clarias gariepinus NUTRITION

6. Amaka Metu, Kenechukwu Okeyika and Olisa Maduka

ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE FOOD SECURITY IN NIGERIA: CHALLENGES AND  WAYFORWARD

7. Temitayo Elizabeth, Oyinlola Rukayat and Joseph Odigure

EFFECTS OF INCUBATION TEMPERATURE ON THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF YOGHURT

8. Romanus Osabohien, Evans Osabuohien and Ese Urhie.

FOOD SECURITY AND TECHNOLOGY NEXUS IN NIGERIA: AN ARDL APPROACH

9. Ojewumi Modupe, Omoleye Abiodun and Ajayi Adesola

OPTIMUM FERMENTATION TEMPERATURE FOR THE PROTEIN YIELD OF PARKIA BIGLOBOSA SEEDS (IYERE)

Chairs:
Kolawole Ajanaku (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Angela Eni (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Emmanuel Maduagwu (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Location: CEDS Hall 3
15:10
Praisegod Emenike (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Theophilus Tenebe (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Ben Ngene (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Babatunde Oniemayin (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Gideon Bamigboye (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Oluwatosin Ogundare (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Ayobami Busari (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Wastewater Reuse: An Alternative for Sustainable Agriculture

ABSTRACT. Africa is seen as one of the continent with the fastest population growth rate in the world. Moreover her landmass has seen 67% dryness, leaving a projection that one of the problems arising in Africa could be water related. Maintaining agriculture produce seems to be the most exhaustive part of Africa’s water with 85% being used for agricultural applications. Target 2 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is aimed at promoting sustainable agriculture, terminating hunger, achieve food security and improving the level of nutrition which makes Africa a probable zone. The study assessed different promotion practices in agricultural farmlands spread across Nigeria. In – depth interviews, farm investigations and group interactions were deployed in other to appraise the farm size, water application frequency, duration of application, water shortage experience, water usage and water saving measures. Quantitative data on water quantity used in farms were also captured. Results showed that water application within the farms relied on withdrawal from aquifers using tanker system. The shortage of water experienced within farms under study lasted for upto 3 hours. This will adversely pose underlying threats to the available water to be used for other purposes and also impede food production during water shortages. The study highlights that rain water harvesting practices as well as proper optimization of rainwater harvesting (RWH) collection systems as solutions to reduce the pressure of agriculture on aquifer resources. The study proposed adequate management procedures that will help salvage the emanating challenges affecting food production.

15:25
Barnabas Olusegun Obasaju (Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria)
Wumi Kolawole Olayiwola (ECOWAS Commission, Abuja, Nigeria)
Henry Okodua (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria)
Regional Economic Integration in West Africa and Cocoa Beans Value Chain in Nigeria

ABSTRACT. Crucial to the economy of Nigeria is the cocoa beans sector which the Agricultural Transformation Agenda of the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in Nigeria in 2010 estimated would generate over 350, 000 jobs in primary production, plantation establishment and across its value chain in 2015. However, despite its huge potentials, the performance of this sector is hampered, inter alia, by low productivity which is not unconnected to low value addition along the product’s value chain. The regional platforms put in place by the Economic Community of West African States are supposed to be able to proffer solutions to some of the challenges of this sector. In economic literature, inter-linkages amongst related or same industries are important for value addition which in turn is essential for maximising income gains and improving general living standards accruing from engaging in production and trade. The New Trade Theory explicates how intra-industry/intra-regional trade can give rise to the fragmentation of production processes that characterise value chains and how intra-regional trade can foster the needed value addition in a value chain. This current study is motivated by the need to assess the extent to which the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has fostered the performance of the cocoa beans value chain in Nigeria by creating the necessary forward and backward linkages between actors in the cocoa beans value chain in Nigeria and the rest of ECOWAS. On the flip side, value chain proponents maintain that the Value Added in Trade in a value chain may give rise to increased Trade in Value Added, that is, increased intra-regional trade flows in value added terms. In this vein, this study also seeks to investigate the extent to which the value added in the cocoa beans value chain in Nigeria has fostered intra-regional cocoa beans trade flows between Nigeria and the rest of ECOWAS. Findings from descriptive statistics seem to suggest a weak performance on the part of ECOWAS thus calling for the need for intensified regional efforts to sufficiently bolster the performance of the cocoa beans value chain in Nigeria. However, the input-output technique, an inter-industry analytical tool, will be used to carry out the impact analyses; the use of input-output analysis for a value chain impact study is suggested by organisations such as the World Bank, World Trade Organisation and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. The ECOWAS input-output table is the main source of data for the study. The insights garnered from the findings of the study will help in fashioning policy options by revealing the extent to which ECOWAS has fostered the performance of the cocoa beans value chain in Nigeria and how the value added in the cocoa beans value chain is shaping intra-regional cocoa trade flows between Nigeria and the rest of ECOWAS. This study is unique in that an investigation into the regional economic integration-value chain nexus is a terrain yet to be explored, or still grossly underexplored, in West Africa.

15:40
Oluwatoyin Ajayi (Covenant University, Nigeria)
David Omole (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Praisegod Emenike (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Use of agricultural wastes and limestone for the removal of Iron from drinking water

ABSTRACT. In this study, adsorption method was employed in the treatment of iron in drinking water. Groundwater samples were obtained from Ota environs and tested for Iron impurity using AAS Spectrometer. Adsorbents such as rice husk, banana peel, and limestone were used in the treatment of the water samples. All three adsorbents were washed with distilled water and oven dried at 100oC for 24 hours. The dried plantain peel was ground to powder using pestle. Both the rice husk and limestone occurred naturally in granular states. The density of rice husk, banana peel and limestone were found to be 0.332 kg/l, 0.6 kg/l and 2.614 kg/l respectively. Subsequently, all three materials were heated to 200oC in an oven for 6 hours. They were, thereafter, sieved using 425 MIC sieve. Batched experiments on the efficiency of iron removal were conducted by measuring 10 ml of each adsorbent and adding it to 100 ml of water samples in turn. The mixture was stirred using a magnetic stirrer and the contact time during stirring was varied for 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes in order to compare treatment efficiency. Results indicate that all three materials removed iron from the water samples. However, only limestone showed a consistent reduction in iron concentration with respect to time while the agricultural wastes (rice husk and banana peel) had fluctuations in iron concentration with respect to time. Limestone, rice husk and banana peel had ultimate removal efficiencies of 56.7%, 79% and 83.3% at 20, 20 and 15 minutes respectively. Further experiments were recommended in other to determine optimum iron removal conditions.

15:55
Bunmi Olopade (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria)
Olubukola Oyawoye (Adeleke University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria)
Fikayo Babatunde (Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi State, Nigeria)
Solomon Oranusi (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria)
Effect of Nitrogen on the nutritional quality and microbial load of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L).
SPEAKER: Bunmi Olopade

ABSTRACT. The effect of nitrogen concentration on the nutritional quality and microbial load of samples of Hibiscus sabdariffa were studied. Samples of calyces harvested from three different nitrogen levels viz; 0 kg N / ha, 30 kg N / ha and 60 kg N / ha were used. Nutritional composition and the microbial counts of the calyces were determined. Highest significantly (P = 0.01) different crude protein and nitrogen value of 12.06% and 1.93 % were obtained from calyces fertilized with 60 kg N / ha. Ascorbic acid content of the calyces increased with increase in nitrogen levels. For the microbial load analysis, there was no significant influence of nitrogen on the microbial load. However, the least bacteria (2.6 x 104 cfu / ml) and fungi (5.68 x 105 cfu / ml) counts were obtained from calyces fertilized with 30 kg N / ha. Therefore, inorganic nitrogen fertilizer of up to 60 kg N / ha can be applied to Roselle plant in order to increase some of the nutritional constituents but should not exceed 30 kg N / ha for the purpose of reduced microbial load.

16:10
Tadele Tafese Habte (Wolaita Sodo University, Ethiopia)
Adoption and Intensity of Row-Seeding (Case of Wolaita zone)

ABSTRACT. In the context of Ethiopia where agriculture and specifically crop production take lion’s contribution, supporting the sector through introducing new agricultural technologies, like row planting in the recent times, boosts production. However despite of such services, utilization of improved technologies remained low in Ethiopia. This study looks in to the determinants of adoption and intensity of adoption of row planting using a survey data of 300 farming households in Wolaita zone. The survey indicates that about 87 percent of farmers adopt row planting in 2014/15 production year with mean intensity of use 2.33 Timad (about 56% of their total farm land). A dependent double hurdle analysis reveals that household being headed by Illiterate head, family size, Farm size, Annual off-farm income, Distance to nearest market and Training on row planting significantly influenced adoption and level of adoption of row planting. Moreover, adoption of row planting is significantly affected by Farming experience, No of information sources and Distance to Development Agent whereas level of adoption of row planting by livestock and Number of oxen. The study then concludes that the farmers’ adoption and level of adoption of row planting could be improved by raising farm household’s education, their off farm income, their endowment and by making them optimally mobilize their labor for agricultural activities and receive extension service. As a result the study recommends local governments to work towards intensifying informal education to farming households in the study area, raising effort of investment to improve market access and enhancing agricultural extension services to farmers.

16:25
Onyinyechi Steve-Essi (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Francis Idachaba (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Food Security And Dechnology Development In Africa

ABSTRACT. The numerous positive changes that will evolve in the area of food security in Nigeria and the world at large when there is a proper synergy between Technology Entrepreneurship and Human Empowerment are properly highlighted in this article. Technology Entrepreneurship is a vast and new field of study with quite a large number of untapped and yet to be identified resources. This article defines and describes the application of this field and also shows how its application can lead to improvement in Food Security.

16:40
Akinwale Akinleye (Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria)
Francisca George (Federal UNiversity of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria)
Adeolu Akinyemi (Federal UNiversity of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria)
Oluwatoyin Afolabi (Federal UNiversity of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria)
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF A LOCALLY DEVELOPED PROBIOTIC WITH A COMMERCIAL PROBIOTIC IN THE AFRICAN CATFISH, Clarias gariepinus NUTRITION

ABSTRACT. Probiotics are mono or mixed cultures of beneficial live microbes that improve their host’s health status and other indigenous flora properties. The positive impacts of probiotics in enhancing growth, nutrient utilization and as replacement for synthetic growth promoters in animal health management and nutrition have been scientifically proven. This study compared the nutrient enhancement properties of a known commercial probiotic (MY-500 ‘MitoYeast’ containing Saccharomyces boulardii culture of 2x109 CFU/g), and a newly developed local probiotic (Lactobacillus plantarum, Accession no: KP 410238) from the intestinal flora of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. One hundred and fifty juvenile fish (15.14 ± 0.35g) were randomly allotted at 10 fish/tank in five treatments with three replicates each and fed twice daily at 3 % body weight for 12 weeks. Five iso-nitrogenous (40% crude protein) and iso-calorific (12kJg-1 digestible energy) diets were formulated for the experiment. Experimental diets (TD1, TD2, TD3, TD4) were supplemented with the newly developed probiotic containing L. plantarum (109 CFU/g) at 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1% respectively, while TD5 was supplemented with 0.5% MY-500 (MitoYeast) containing Saccharomyces boulardii culture (2 x 109 CFU/g). Growth performance, measured by body weight gain, BWG; specific growth rate, SGR and metabolic growth rate, MGR; and nutrient utilization (protein efficiency ratio (PER), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and feed efficiency, FE) were significantly different (P < 0.05) in treatments with varying levels of probiotics’ inclusion compared to the control diet. Hematological effects as indicated by Packed Cell Volume, Hemoglobin, Red Blood Cell count, White Blood Cell Volume, Mean Corpuscular Volume, Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration and Platelet count increased in fish fed probiotic-supplemented diet treatments compared to control, but the effects were not significantly different (P ≥ 0.05), and values were within recommended levels. This suggests that the developed probiotic has no negative impact on the health status of C. gariepinus. This study concludes that dietary inclusion of probiotics in C. gariepinus diets improved growth and nutrient utilization in the fish; and had no adverse effect on the health status of the fish.

16:55
Amaka Metu (Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nigeria)
Kenechukwu Okeyika (Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria)
Olisa Maduka (Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria)
ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE FOOD SECURITY IN NIGERIA: CHALLENGES AND WAYFORWARD
SPEAKER: Amaka Metu

ABSTRACT. One of the goals of Nigeria’s agricultural development policy is to ensure that the nation produces enough food and less dependent on importation so as to ensure adequate and affordable food for all. This paper is an attempt to evaluate food security situation in Nigeria with from 1991 to 2015. The paper shows that there is a shortfall in domestically produced food in Nigeria because the growth in the population of Nigeria is at the rate of 2.9 – 3 % while the growth in food production has been less than one. This shows that demand for food (population) is greater than the supply (agricultural production) because of factors such as inconsistent government policies, environmental degradation, low budgeting allocation to the agricultural sector and others. The paper also shows that there is high dependence on food importation in Nigeria. To achieve sustainable food security in Nigeria, it is recommended that appropriate economic development measures should be taken such as increasing allocation to the agricultural sector, improvement in infrastructures in the rural areas as well as expanded strategic food reserves

17:10
Temitayo Elizabeth (Covenant university, Ota, Ogun state, Nigeria, Nigeria)
Oyinlola Rukayat (Covenant university, Ota, Ogun state, Nigeria, Nigeria)
Joseph Odigure (Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger state, Nigeria, Nigeria)
EFFECTS OF INCUBATION TEMPERATURE ON THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF YOGHURT
SPEAKER: unknown

ABSTRACT. Abstract Deterioration of milk-based products such as yoghurt is associated with changes in the environmental parameters during storage. The chemical and physical properties or characteristics of the yoghurt are affected by the production technological parameters like incubation temperature. This research investigated the effect of various incubation temperature on the quality of yoghurt. The milk sample was prepared and a starter culture was inoculated at 40oC temperature into the samples. Incubations were performed at varying temperatures. The pH of fermented sample, viscousity and titrable acidity (TTA) were also determined. Results showed decrease in the pH value as the TTA (acid molecules) and viscousity increased with increasing incubation temperature. An optimum production temperature of 35ᵒC is recommended for the production of yoghurt.

17:25
Romanus Osabohien (Covenant University,Nigeria, Nigeria)
Evans Osabuohien (Covenant University,Nigeria, Nigeria)
Ese Urhie (Covenant University,Nigeria, Nigeria)
Food Security and Technology Nexus in Nigeria: An ARDL Approach

ABSTRACT. Abstract

In this paper, we examine the level of technology in which is presumed to be quite low in developing countries, especially, Nigeria. How improved technological know-how can help to achieve stable food security in terms of enhancing dietary energy supply, value of food production, access to improved water supply, access to improved sanitation facilities, among others is articulated.

To achieve the objective, we employ regression analysis to examine the important role of Technology on food security.

Food security is essential requirement for the continued existence of mankind and his economic activities including food production. Food as essential commodity is different from other commodities because of its inexorableness for human survival and existence. The anticipated result show that in Nigeria, there is high level of food insecurity for the past five decades as a result of neglect in food production when oil has become the major export product and because of the adoption of neo-liberal economic policies such as devaluation of naira, trade liberalisation, etc; disasters, such as flooding and drought have also contributed to food insecurity in Nigeria. Hence, policy to turn around the trend is recommended in the study.

17:40
Ojewumi Modupe (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Omoleye Abiodun (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Ajayi Adesola (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Optimum Fermentation Temperature for the Protein Yield of Parkia biglobosa seeds (Iyere)

ABSTRACT. African Locust Bean (Parkia biglobosa) seeds known as ‘Iyere’ in Yoruba land were fermented aerobically and anaerobically with the aid of two starter cultures - Bacillus Subtilis and Saccharomyces Cerevisiae to a vegetable protein based food condiment known as ‘Iru at 40 °С, 50 °С, 60 °С and 70 °С for five days (120 hours). Samples were taken every day (24 hours) and stored in the deep freezer for further analysis. The maximum % protein content increased from 32 % to 40 % and to 52 % for anaerobic and aerobic fermentation processes respectively after 3 days (72 hours) at an optimum fermentation temperature of 40 ⁰C. Other parameters like % crude fibre, % organic matter, % ash content, % carbohydrate, % fat content and % total solid, in both aerobic and anaerobic fermentation processes decreased with respect to fermentation duration. From experimental data, generated by the design of experiment (DOE), using Minitab 17 software, optimum conditions were obtained at 40 ⁰C with inoculum (Bacillus subtilis) concentration of 0.005 (g broth/g seed) at fermentation duration of about 3.03 days (73 hours). The products of anaerobic fermentation were not acceptable organoleptically, due to the repulsive odour, even though was mild at lower temperature. The organoleptic test showed that the sample fermented with Bacillus subtilis was generally acceptable for all parameters tested.

The Scanning Electron microscope (SEM) was used to study the effect of fermentation and temperature on the morphological structure of both fermented and unfermented samples.

15:10-18:00 Session 7D: Track 2B

SESSION II (Track 2B):  Health & Environmental issues for sustainable development in Africa

1. Dorcas Adekoya and Gbolahan Oni

Differentials in Risk of Neonatal Mortality among Women in Nigeria

2. Olugbemisola Samuel and Gbolahan Oni

Changing Levels and Patterns of Under-Five Mortality in Nigeria: Empirical Evidence from

3. Dorcas Adekoya and Gbolahan Oni

SOCIO-ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF SEXUAL ACTIVITY AND PREGNANCY AMONG TEENAGERS IN NIGERIA

4. T. Tenebe, C. P. Emenike, R. Afolabi, E. Osawe, E. E. Etu, O. E. Osoba and O. Olamijulo

ASSESSMENT OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN ON SEWAGE CONTAINING CAMPHOR.

5. Bose Odewale, Muyiwa Oladosun and Emmanuel Amoo.

REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN CONTRACEPTIVE DECISION ABOUT FAMILY PLANNING AND CONTRACEPTIVE USE IN NIGERIA

6. Oyindolapo Komolafe and Tomilayo Femi-Philips.

BENCHMARK STUDY ON PRIVACY AND SECURITY OF HEALTHCARE DATA IN NIGERIA

7. Tomike Olawande and Lukman Fasasi.

FAMILY PLANNING PERCEPTIONS AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

8. Olabode Onile-Ere, John Openibo and Grace Olasehinde

MALARIA DIAGNOSIS: CURRENT APPROACHES AND FUTURE PROSPECTS

Chairs:
Nsikak Benson (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Emeka Iweala (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Grace Olasehinde (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Location: CEDS Hall 4
15:10
Falola Damilare (CUBRe, Nigeria)
Adebiyi Marion (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Prediction of 3D structure and function of Corynebacterium matruchotii Protein

ABSTRACT. The production of proteins in our body system is controlled by the presence of transcriptional regulators. Transcriptional regulation is a mechanism that allows the translation of selected proteins to stop when they are not required or surplus in the body system. Corynebacterium matruchotii is a redox-responsive transcriptional regulator that helps the tooth have a corn-cob appearance. Corynebacterium matruchotii is a protein inferred from homology and has a very short sequence of length 86. In this work, we predict the structure and function Corynebacterium matruchotii. The protein sequence was obtained from Uniprot databases. BLAST analysis was done to identify similar protein sequences and obtain template sequence. MODELLER and Swiss Model were used to build the models for the target protein (others tools were used however no valid result was generated). Structure assessment was done with PROCHEK. Protein function prediction was done with GOPET and I-TASSER tools.

15:25
Debora A. Egunyomi (University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Nigeria)
Kofo Aderogba (Tai Solarin University of Education, Nigeria)
Electioneering Campaigns, Solid Waste and Sustainable Physical Environment in Nigerian Cities: A Case Study of Lagos Metropolis
SPEAKER: unknown

ABSTRACT. During electioneering campaigns, solid waste generated seems to be weighty and abnormally massive. This work has studied the waste generated in the 2015 general election as well as the consequences, and made recommendations for a sustainable physical environment. Lagos Metropolis was used as a case study. 50 major streets and roads of the Metropolis were toured. Photographs of portraits, logos, billboards and handbills were taken. Internet browsing was carried out, interview were conducted with 2 chieftains each of 3 of the 29 political parties, and 3 Managers of 3 of the renowned printing companies that printed for the parties. The investigators joined campaign trails and observed the display of campaign materials. Maps, charts, and tables were used for data analysis and presentation. Photographic shouts taken were represented. Degradable and non-degradable waste was generated: printing papers, clothes, fliers and billboards, party uniforms and attires, souvenirs, etc. made of wood, nails, iron rods, metal sheets, plastics, synthetic fibres, gum and yarn etc. abandoned in the physical environment after the elections. The Metropolis had additional 31,020 kg undesirable material which became instruments of soaring and unabated environmental pollution, erosion blockage, hideouts for destitute and disease vectors. They made the once scenic environment ugly. There were neither electoral laws nor policies to take care of the waste. However, orderliness and a clean environment should become the way of life in the metropolis and in the whole of Nigeria. Electoral programmes and policies should incorporate guidelines on the type of campaign materials and their likely impact on the physical environment. Politicians and the electorate also require adequate education.

15:40
Dorcas Adekoya (Covenant university, Nigeria)
Gbolahan Oni (Covenant university, Nigeria)
Differentials in Risk of Neonatal Mortality among Women in Nigeria

ABSTRACT. The role of young maternal age as a determinant of adverse child health outcomes remains controversial, with existing studies providing conflicting results. However, some studies have shown that the risk of deaths among infants born by teenage mothers (i.e., mothers aged 15-19) is greater than that of women who are in their twenties. This suggests that teenage pregnancies could be a high risk factor for neonatal and post-neonatal mortality. This study assesses the risk of neonatal and post-neonatal mortality among children born by teenage mothers in Nigeria and compare these rates with those of mothers aged between 20 and 29 years in order to determine age related differences in neonatal and post-neonatal mortalities. The study also assesses the socioeconomic and cultural correlates of neonatal and post-neonatal morality among teenagers in Nigeria. The 2013 National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) of 2013 were utilized in this study. A total of 1,030 teenagers and 4,307 women aged 20-29 years old who reported giving birth during the period were included in this study. Statistical analyses included univariate, bivariate and multivariate techniques. Results showed that neonatal mortality rate for teenage mothers was 50.04% and for mothers 20-29 years old was 23.21%. The difference was statistically significant (p-value = 0.000). Similarly, the post-neonatal mortality rate for teenagers was 6.79% compared to 1.85% for mothers 20-29 years old (p-value = 0.000). These finding implies that teenage pregnancy poses a high risk to the survival of children born by mothers at younger ages. Hence more policy and programming should be geared towards reducing neonatal and postnatal mortality among mother in Nigeria.

15:55
Olugbemisola Samuel (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria)
Gbolahan Oni (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria)
Changing Levels and Patterns of Under-Five Mortality in Nigeria: Empirical Evidence from Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys

ABSTRACT. Over one million children still die annually in Nigeria from preventable diseases, thereby making the country one of the least successful of African countries in achieving improvements in child survival in the past four decades. A baby born in Nigeria was reported to be 30 times more likely to die before the fifth-year birthday than a baby born in a developed country. Although, considering the mortality trends in Nigeria since 1990, it can be deduced that under-five deaths are falling, but the figures are relatively small compared to the Millennium Development Goals-MDGs target of a two-thirds reduction by 2015. We examined the levels, trends and patterns of under-five mortality in Nigeria. The Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey datasets within the periods of 2003-2013 was used in this study. We related the mortality trends to some socioeconomic and health variables to explain factors that could have contributed to mortality changes. We used tables and graphical illustrations in the analysis. Findings from this study showed that mortality had declined by 32%. Mortality declined with increase in mothers’ education especially among mothers with less than secondary education. During the ten-year period, children who had DPT3 increased from 10.4% to 22%. Households who drank water from safer sources increased from 14.4% to 49.7% for urban areas and 2.3% to 32.7% in rural areas. Childhood diarrhea incidence declined by 45.2%. We conclude that decline in under-five mortality may be attributed to improved immunization, safer water sources, and reduced incidence of childhood diarrhea. Policy implications are discussed.

16:10
Dorcas Adekoya (Covenant university, Nigeria)
Gbolahan Oni (Covenant university, Nigeria)
Socio-Economic determinants of sexual activity and pregnancy among Teenagers in Nigeria

ABSTRACT. Teenage pregnancy remains an important and complex issue around the world. The Nigeria Demographic and health Survey (NDHS) suggest that teenage pregnancy in Nigeria might increase to over 60 million by the year 2015. This study was therefore designed to determine the recent prevalence and identify social and economic and household characteristics influencing teenage pregnancy which would help develop best-practice approaches to reduce its incidence in Nigeria. The 2013 National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) data were utilized in this study. Analytical methods techniques include univariate, bivariate, and multivariate techniques. The study used sub-population of 38,948 women aged 15-49 years old sampled across all the geopolitical zones of Nigeria. It is estimated that 14.3% of all the women aged 15-19 are currently pregnant, 84.4% from the northern region while 15.6% are from southern region. It is expected that key socio-economic factors like residence, education, religion, region, wealth index, and relationship with household will have significant association with teenage pregnancy and neonatal. Findings from this study will help policy makers and programmers geared to reduce teenage pregnancy and neonatal mortality in Nigeria.

16:25
Imokhai Theophilus Tenebe (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Chidozie Praisegod Emenike (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Richard Afolabi (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Emmanuel Osawe (Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma. Edo State, Nigeria)
Egbe-Etu Emmanuel Etu (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Oluwatoba Emmanuel Osoba (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Olufemi Olamijulo (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Assessment of Dissolved Oxygen in Sewage Containing Camphor.

ABSTRACT. Camphor is widely used for odor eradication in eateries and homes. The health of the sewage tank is paramount to the environmental engineer as bacteria aid in sewage degradation. This research is geared towards investigating the effects of camphor on aerobic and anaerobic sewage degradation due to its constant usage. Ten 4 liters clean containers having 2 liters sewage where prepared. To one set of four 4 liters containers which was not covered (Aerobic), crushed camphor weighing (7.38g, 14.25g, 21.91g, and 25.75g) were added and the other four 4 liters containers which was not covered (Anaerobic), camphor in solid form (2No., 4No., 6No., and 7No.) with the same weight as described above to check the effects of surface area and two control containers having sewage alone. The pH, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Dissolved oxygen (DO) and temperature was observed and compared with a control solution which had no camphor. From the research, dissolved oxygen level showed significant decrease as the weight and number of camphor increased. This could imply that the presence of camphor creates a film over sewage thereby reducing oxygen exchange rate as it was observed during the experimental process. This finding could emerge as one of the reasons for septic tank failures which may arise as a result of increased organic loadings over time. However, the physio-chemical properties which include pH, TDS and temperature obtained were within range and suitable for microbial growth.

 

16:40
Bose Odewale (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Muyiwa Oladosun (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Emmanuel Amoo (Covenant University, Nigeria)
Regional differences in contraceptive decision about family planning and contraceptive use in Nigeria
SPEAKER: Bose Odewale

ABSTRACT. Studies have showed that decision making at the household level whether joint or solely by husband or wife have effect on whether a woman would use contraceptive or not. This study examines regional differences in decision making in households on whether or not to use contraceptives and how this influence actual use in Nigeria. It employed the 2013 Nigeria Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) data set in which variables of interest were extracted. The data set was analysed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate (i.e. binary logistic regression) techniques. Initial results suggest statistically significant differences in decision making on contraceptive use by place of residence (p-value = 0.013), education (p-value = 0.000), and wealth index (p-value = 0.000) in the north-central region. Findings also showed statistically significant difference in decision making about contraceptive by residence (p-value = 0.037), education (p-value = 0.000), and wealth index (p-value = 0.002) in the north-west. Similarly decision making on contraceptive varied significantly by age of respondent (p-value = 0.001), and place of residence (p-value = 0.022) among women in the south-east, and it varied significantly by education (p-value = 0.000) among women in the south-west. Policy and programmes geared towards improving contraceptive decision making and use in households will need to consider these regional factors.

16:55
Oyindolapo Komolafe (BABCOCK UNIVERSITY, Nigeria)
Tomilayo Femi-Philips (babcock university, Nigeria)
Benchmark study on privacy and security of healthcare data in Nigeria

ABSTRACT. As the demand for the use of Internet increases, there is a need for corresponding security of content and services especially for data that are sensitive. Computer scientists seek new ways of securing networks as the attackers constantly change their attack patterns. Information security and privacy in the healthcare sector is an issue of growing importance. The adoption of digital patient records, increased regulation, provider consolidation, and the increasing need for information between patients, providers, and payers, all point towards the need for better information security. National Guidelines on Data Protection are issued by the National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA) in accordance with NITDA Act 2007 in Nigeria, but the guidelines do not cover the processing of personal data, processing operations concerning public safety and national security. The overarching aim of the research as presented by this report is to explore and evaluate Privacy and Security of Healthcare Data in Nigeria from the perspective of Members of the general public. The population of 1200 individuals were selected randomly to be part of a survey on the awareness of Nigerians on information security policies, privacy standard and data security measures of healthcare data. The mixed method of quantitative and qualitative design was adopted. The method involved cross-sectional questionnaires, Ethnography and One-to-one interviews. The result showed that 10percent of the population were aware of the data protection guidelines in Nigeria. Results concluded that most healthcare organizations do not take data protection as priority and those that do, do not have the proper policies to protect their data. Governments are making valiant efforts to protect privacy, but they cannot do it alone. Accountability for privacy and personal data protection needs to be a joint effort among governments, privacy commissioners, organizations and individuals themselves. In Nigeria, Adopting the trends for data security and privacy and Demonstrating compliance with regulations such as HIPAA, and state data privacy laws can help improve and secure healthcare data.

17:10
Tomike Olawande (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria)
Lukman Fasasi (University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria)
FAMILY PLANNING PERCEPTIONS AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
SPEAKER: unknown

ABSTRACT. There have been concerns on the galloping population growth and its effects on human beings. The world’s population is increasing and now approximately eight billion people (PRB, 2015) with high potential for further increase. Increasing population growth has significant social and economic implications at the individual, family, and societal levels. Family planning seems to be the potent cornerstone of a worldwide strategy to slow down population growth. However, in developing countries, the perception of the core population is not clear considering the hyper fertility rate in these countries. This study, a household survey, sampled 424 married women, and conducted five in-depth interviews, to examine the relationship between family planning perceptions and high fertility rate among married women in Nigeria. Data collected were analysed using percentages for univariate analysis and chi square to test relationships between the variables.

The results revealed that 95.5% of the respondents had heard about family planning while 53.3% stated that they had never used it. A greater percentage of them admitted that they refused to adopt family planning for fear of side effects. About 51% of them stated that money was a barrier to the adoption of family planning while 35% of the respondents claimed that their religion did not support it. Linear regression results revealed that significant relationships existed between the family perceptions (p< 0.013), and sustainable development variables. Family planning was seen as an important preventive measure against infant and maternal mortality.

The study concluded that culture, socio-economic factors and poor knowledge about family planning were major determinants of perceptions about family planning, and the utilisation. The study recommended increased family planning talks during clinical meetings with mothers, and empowerment of women in decision making about family planning within households.

17:25
Olabode Onile-Ere (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria)
John Openibo (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria)
Grace Olasehinde (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria)
MALARIA DIAGNOSIS: CURRENT APPROACHES AND FUTURE PROSPECTS

ABSTRACT. Scaled up efforts by a consortia of organisations in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of malaria have led to a significant reduction in the overall malaria mortality and morbidity in the past few years. Malaria has, nonetheless, remained one of the world’s most burdensome diseases with the over 214 million cases and 438,000 deaths recorded in 2015 (2.68% of global DALYs). This burden is unevenly domiciled in sub-Saharan Africa where 89% of all cases and 91% of all deaths occurred. These figures however, only represent a fraction of the actual global burden of Malaria as surveillance fails to cover most cases in sub-Saharan Africa where the majority of malaria endemic regions lack facilities for diagnosis, case management and active surveillance. The emergence of drug resistant strains of the Plasmodium parasite prompted WHO to recommend a confirmatory diagnosis of each case of Malaria before treatment. The workability of this recommendation however, begs to be questioned as the majority of all malaria diagnosis is done via Clinical diagnosis; which lacks precision, is still the major form of diagnosis in many malaria endemic regions, and contributes to the over-diagnosis of malaria and subsequent under-diagnosis of other febrile illnesses. Of higher import is the risk of the emergence of drug resistant species due to the unregulated antimalarial use caused by inaccurate clinical diagnosis. Microscopy, which is the gold standard of malaria diagnosis, and the Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDT) for malaria antigens have proven to be very useful in the diagnosis of malaria giving high levels of specificity and sensitivity. They however have the downside of having relatively high limits of detection, invasiveness, being labour intensive and expensive in the light of the low income countries where malaria is endemic. More sophisticated tools such as those that employ nucleic acid techniques (Polymerase Chain Reaction and Gene probes) are not field deployable and are mostly applied for research purposes. This necessitates the need for new diagnostic approaches that are suited to the conditions found in malaria endemic regions. A range of novel diagnostic tools with a do-it-yourself approach, leveraging on previously untapped diagnostic material such as urine are currently being assessed. These novel tools promise great results if successful. This review presents an overview of current diagnostic methods, the prospects in malaria diagnostics and finally makes an effort to recommend what an ideal malaria diagnostic tool should be made up of, all the while focusing on sub-Saharan Africa.